In the process of western learning spreading to the east, Tang Ruowang introduced western learning to China, which exposed China scholars to modern western science and thought. Thus, it enriched the connotation of China culture and the knowledge of China scholars, made them gradually look at the world, produced the idea of applying what they have learned, and promoted the modernization of China.

Tang Ruowang's works include calendar revision, astronomical instruments, gun casting, mining and metallurgy. In the history of astronomy, Tang Ruowang's achievements are the most remarkable, and have a far-reaching impact on later generations. China ancient astronomy absorbed the elements of western astronomy and began to turn from feudal superstition to science. The almanac of Chongzhen compiled by him combines the western calendar when improving the old calendar of China, which is accurate and rich in content. The completion of this book is a great progress in the development of China calendar method, and also makes China astronomy enter the track of common development of world astronomy. In addition, his other work, Telescope Theory, laid the foundation for the spread of telescope manufacturing technology.

In terms of scientific and technological knowledge, Tang Ruowang's Introduction to Fire Attack introduced the style, manufacturing technology and application of artillery, which promoted the development of firearms and machinery manufacturing technology in China in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. His other book, Kun Yu Ge Zhi, also promoted the development of mining and metallurgy industry in China to some extent.