The following are Confucius' famous sayings and a series of stories, I hope they will be helpful to you:

1. Learning without thinking will lead to loss, thinking without learning will lead to peril - Confucius

2. Those who know well are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy - Confucius

3. When three people walk together, there must be one who is my teacher. Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good - Confucius

4. Prosper in "Poetry", establish on etiquette, and succeed in music - Confucius

5 , Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you - Confucius

The story of Confucius:

1. Wisdom and harmony

- The story is based on "Lieh Zi" : Zhongni Chapter"

Confucius had a disciple named Zixia. One day, he asked Confucius about the cultivation of some of his classmates.

He asked: "Teacher, how is Yan Hui like a person?"

Confucius pondered for a moment and replied: "Yan Hui's benevolence is better than mine."

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“What about Zigong?” Zixia asked next.

"He! His eloquence is better than mine." Confucius said with a smile.

"What about Zilu, where is classmate Zilu?" Zixia asked again.

Confucius smiled happily and said: "When it comes to bravery, none of us are as good as him."

"What about Zizhang? Did Zizhang also have the qualities of a teacher?" Xia looked suspicious.

Confucius paused and said: "Zi Zhang, his conduct and solemn and rigorous style are better than me as a teacher."

When Zixia heard this, he couldn't help but stood up. He bowed and asked: "Teacher, I don't understand this. Since those four students are all better than the teacher, why do they still want to learn from you, the teacher?"

Seeing Zixia like this, Confucius hurriedly raised his hand and pressed it down, and said kindly to Zixia: "Zixia! Don't be anxious. Sit down first and listen to what I say slowly. Although classmate Yan Hui is very He is kind, but sometimes his excessive kindness leads to intolerance, which makes him blindly accommodate others, which affects his ability to make correct decisions about the situation, thus harming others. Therefore, although he can be kind, he cannot tolerate it. (Note: Buddhists sometimes say that compassion brings harm, which is what it means)."

Confucius then said to Zixia: "As for Zigong, his eloquence is indeed very good, and he is proficient in eloquence. He did not understand the power of language, but he did not understand the limitations of language. Therefore, he could argue but not be indifferent."

"Concerning Zilu," Confucius continued: "He is brave and courageous. He is a rare general who dares to act, but sometimes he does not know how to retreat modestly and hold on to his strength before moving forward. Therefore, he can be brave but cannot be timid.

"As for Zi Zhang," Confucius said, he pondered at this point, and then said: "He is too solemn and rigorous, so that he can't tolerate things. He can't receive people in a friendly manner, can't tolerate people with dirty deeds, and can't let others see him. Therefore, he can be arrogant but cannot be harmonious. "Therefore," Confucius concluded: "If the strengths of these four classmates are added up, they can be exchanged for my cultivation." I’m not willing either. That’s why they want to follow me wholeheartedly and learn.”

2. Shenwu does not kill

When it comes to Confucian gentlemen, people often think of them. To the image of a gentle, courteous and frail scholar. Regarding Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, we tend to think of him as an amiable old man. However, looking at the description of Confucius' talent and appearance in ancient books is surprising.

According to relevant records in "Confucius' Family Sayings" and "Huainanzi", Confucius had a wide forehead, a lion's nose, a wide mouth, and a slightly sunken top of his big skull. Length (weekly) nine feet six inches. One foot per week, about twenty to twenty-three centimeters in modern times. In other words, Confucius' height at that time was at least 1.92 meters tall, which could be described as a standard Shandong man. Records also say that Confucius' wisdom surpassed Chang Hong of the Zhou Dynasty, an official who was proficient in astronomy, geography, and human affairs. Confucius' courage overwhelmed Meng Bi, a famous warrior at that time. Confucius moved lightly to catch up, but he stepped on the fleeing hare.

Confucius stretched his arms so hard that he could hold up the fallen city gate. However, despite Confucius's extraordinary bravery and superb skills, he kept it secret and few people knew about it. He just devoted himself to cultivating his original benevolence internally and preaching the benevolence of the previous kings externally, and eventually became a prime king and a holy teacher for all generations. The so-called Su Wang refers to a person who has the virtues of an emperor but does not have the position of an emperor in ancient times.

Confucius lived in an era when there were only a few million people. But there were as many as three thousand disciples who studied with Confucius. They are all elites from various countries, with all kinds of talents. With Confucius' own wisdom and charisma, and the assistance of his disciples, it was not difficult to seek power in a country at that time. However, Confucius knew very well that social stability and the happiness of the masses would not last long if they were not based on pure moral thought, if culture and education did not keep up, and if they were only supported by political power. Moreover, stability and happiness in this situation are not final.

Therefore, Confucius would rather live a life of poverty, loneliness and desolation, being misunderstood and ignorant of current affairs, but he should also take up the great responsibility of inheriting and carrying forward the traditional excellent culture and excellent political wisdom, creating peace for all generations and laying the foundation for peace. Good cultural foundation. At that time, few people understood Confucius' behavior of always focusing on cultivating the moral character of the world, focusing on the guidance of pure thoughts in society, and fundamentally saving the world's people, regardless of personal gains and losses, under any circumstances. Even some Taoist hermits with better personal moral cultivation also criticized this. However, "Knowing that something cannot be done and doing it" is what Confucius and the later true Confucians excelled at.

Bodhidharma, the founder of Zen Buddhism, before coming to China, Dingzhong observed that China has a Mahayana atmosphere, which is not unrelated to the existence of Confucian spirit in China. Therefore, some Zen masters said that according to Buddhist standards, Confucius should be the reincarnation of a great bodhisattva in the eighth realm or above.

3. The poor are all happy

——The story is based on "Zhuangzi: Rang Wang Pian"

Once, Confucius was invited by King Zhao of Chu to visit the Kingdom of Chu I went to visit and passed between Chen and Cai. The officials of Chen and Cai were afraid that Confucius being reused by Chu would be detrimental to their country, so they sent troops to besiege Confucius and his disciples between Chen and Cai. Confucius and his party did not light a fire to cook for seven days. There was not even a grain of rice in the wild vegetable soup, which made many disciples listless and lacking in food. But at this moment, Confucius was still indoors, singing without stopping.

At this time, disciple Yan Hui was choosing wild vegetables outside the house, and saw Zilu and Zigong muttering together:

"Sir, he was expelled from the state of Lu twice, and he was also expelled from the state of Wei. Unable to stay, he gave lectures in the Song Dynasty, and even the big tree on his back was cut down. He visited Zhou, and was scolded by Laozi. Now, he is surrounded by Chen and Cai. Not guilty, there is no prohibition against bullying Mr. Sir, he is still enjoying himself here. Is it true that a gentleman has no sense of shame?"

Yan Hui heard this. , speechless. I had no choice but to go into the house and tell Confucius. After Confucius heard this, he played his lute and sighed: "Zilu, Zigong! Are you really villains? Call them in. I have something to say to them."

Zilu and Zigong entered the house. . Zilu complained to Confucius and said, "Teacher, we have reached the end of our road in this kind of land!"

When Confucius heard this, he shouted sharply: "Zilu! What are you talking about? A gentleman who understands the Tao is called a master, but a man who is ignorant of the Tao is called a poor man. We adhere to the way of benevolence and righteousness. In this troubled world with few benevolence and few righteousness, it is normal to suffer hardships. Why should we be poor and introspective? Dao, do not lose your virtue in the face of adversity. When the severe cold comes and the frost and snow fall, you will know the true strength of the pines and cypresses. In the past, Duke Huan of Qi was humiliated in the state of Ju, but he set up his ambition to be a hegemon in the state of Cao. The king of Yue suffered great humiliation in Kuaiji, but it made him more determined to restore his country. Isn’t it a good thing that we encountered such hardships? ”

After finishing speaking, Confucius returned to the piano table and started playing the piano. After Zilu heard about it, he also held weapons and danced in harmony. Seeing this, Zigong sighed to himself in shame: "I really don't know how high the sky is and how thick the earth is!"

Therefore, moral people in ancient times were both happy and frustrated. Happiness, happiness is not about gains and losses.

If one has good moral character within oneself, gains and losses in the external world are just like the changes of cold, heat, wind and rain, and cannot disturb one's mind.

4. Art can connect other people's minds

——The story is based on "Han Shi Wai Zhuan"

One day, Confucius had nothing to do and was playing the piano indoors. Entertainment. Disciples Zeng Shen and Zigong were sitting in the outer hall, listening attentively.

At the end of the song, Zeng Shen murmured to himself: "Hey! How could it be like this? How could the teacher's piano sound reveal a greedy, ruthless and evil mood? , How can the taste of pursuing profit without benevolence be so serious?"

Zigong also agreed with what Zeng Shen said. However, he did not answer Zeng Shen's words, but stood up and walked indoors.

When Confucius saw Zigong coming in, he looked like he was trying to remonstrate something difficult, so he put down his harp and harp and waited for him to speak. Zigong then told Zeng Shen truthfully what he had just said.

After listening to Zigong’s words, Confucius marveled at Counselor Zeng. He said: "Zeng Shen is really a great sage in the world! He already knows the secret of music."

Confucius then continued to explain the reason to Zigong. He said: "Just now, I was playing the piano next to the desk. There was a mouse swimming indoors and was discovered by a cat. The cat followed the beams and quietly approached the mouse. Then, he chose a location. I squinted my eyes and bent my body, waiting for the opportunity to pounce on the mouse. Later, the cat's wishful thinking did not succeed. It is revealed. Therefore, it is very appropriate for Zeng Shen to say that there is a greedy and evil mood in my piano music."

The Confucian classic "Book of Rites: Yue Ji" says: All music has its characteristics. It arises from the human heart. People's emotions are moved from the heart, and they are reflected in the sound. The changes in sound are artistic, and they become music. Therefore, in times of peace and prosperity, popular music is usually filled with comfort and joy. It also reflects that the country's politics at this time were in a clear and peaceful state. In turbulent times, popular music is often full of resentment and anger. It also reflects that the country's politics at this time were in a situation where government orders were not smooth and the top and bottom were inconsistent. In a world that is on the verge of national subjugation, its pop music will be filled with sadness and melancholy. It shows that the people at this time have fallen into difficulties that are difficult to extricate themselves from, and they can only comfort themselves by recalling the past. Therefore, the way of sound is connected with the way of politics.

5. Be kind and knowledgeable

——The story is based on "Huainanzi" and "Shuo Yuan"

Once upon a time, the law of the State of Lu stipulated that if someone , to redeem the Lu women who were slaves in other vassal states to their own country, then this person can go to the government to collect the reward.

Once, Zigong ransomed a Lu man from a vassal state, but declined the reward from the government. When Confucius heard about this, he said to Zigong: "Zigong! You have done something wrong. A sage can change customs, make others imitate, and influence future generations. It would not be just to suit one's own interests. Nowadays, there are few rich people in Lu country and many poor people. will decrease. Therefore, your behavior of only considering your own moral cultivation will make the people of Lu no longer willing to go to other vassal states to redeem people."

Zilu listened to Confucius. This teaching was deeply inspiring. Later, when he saved a man who fell into the water, someone wanted to give him a cow as a thank you, and Zilu accepted it respectfully. Confucius learned about this and said happily: "In the future, there will be many people from Lu who are willing to save people in danger." Soon, Zilu was appointed as the official of Pucheng. In order to prevent floods, the government mobilized migrant workers to repair ditches in spring. Zilu saw that everyone was working hard and the food they brought was not enough, so he used part of his salary to provide food and soup for everyone. When Confucius heard about this, he quickly sent Zigong to overturn the food and destroy the utensils used for cooking. Zilu found out and was very angry. He ran to Confucius angrily and shouted: "Teacher, will you be jealous of me for doing benevolent and righteous things? What Zilu learned from his teacher was just two words of benevolence and righteousness."

A benevolent and righteous person will take everything from the world and take advantage of everything. Now, Zilu shares his extra food with everyone and practices benevolence and righteousness. Why does the teacher forbid him? I can't figure it out! "

After listening to Zilu's story, Confucius shook his head and said, "Zilu! You are still so rough and simple. If you think the migrant workers are not getting enough food, why don't you tell Mr. Lu? Let Jun Lu open a granary to help them? You use your personal salary to do justice. This behavior is blocking the favor of Lord Lu and showing your own morality. It may not be too late to stop now, otherwise, the day will come when you will be punished. When Zilu heard this, he retreated speechlessly. Sure enough, soon the prime minister's office sent someone to find Confucius and said, "Sir, by sending his disciples to help the migrant workers, are you trying to compete with Lord Lu for the people?" "

When Confucius saw this situation, he knew that explanations were of no use. So he took his disciples and left the state of Lu.

6. Good things are easy to predict

——The story is based on "Shuo Yuan"

In the State of Lu, there was a gentleman named Qi Diao Maren. He served Zang Wenzhong, Wuzhong and Ru Zirong, three generations of Lu officials. p>

Once, Confucius asked a lacquer horse carver: "Sir, he once served the Zang family and three of them were officials. Can you tell me which one is more wise? "

The lacquer carving horse man replied: "The Zang family has a very precious turtle shell called 'Cai'. If there is any major issue that cannot be decided, 'Cai' will be used for divination. During the period when Wenzhong was in charge, Cai was used for divination once within three years. When Wu Zhong was in charge, he used 'Cai' for divination twice within three years. Ruzi Rong was in charge, and he used Cai for divination three times in three years. I have seen this with my own eyes. As for which of these three doctors is the wisest, I don't know. ”

After hearing this, Confucius smiled and said, “Sir, you are really good at talking!” "

Confucius returned home, talked about this matter with his disciples, and said with admiration: "Mr. Ma Ren is really a gentleman! He was unwilling to discuss his master's wisdom and foolishness in front of others, but he cleverly gave an example to reveal the truth of the matter. What he means is that a person has to ask for divination again and again because his wisdom is incapable of seeing far away and his virtue and wisdom are incapable of seeing opportunities. And the ancients said: Those who are good at changing cannot predict. In other words, a truly knowledgeable and wise person can intuitively understand the laws of changes in things without the need for divination. ”