"erudite, interrogative, thoughtful, discerning and practical." This is about several levels of learning, or several progressive stages. "erudition" means that in order to learn, we must first search widely and cultivate rich and exuberant curiosity. Without curiosity, the desire to learn disappears and erudition becomes impossible. "Bo" also means broad and inclusive. Only by being broad and inclusive can we be inclusive, so that learning can have a world vision and an open mind, and truly be "tolerant and generous". So erudition is the first stage of learning. After this stage, learning is a rootless tree and passive water. "Interrogation" is the second stage. If you don't know anything, you should ask questions to the end and doubt what you have learned. After asking questions, you should carefully examine and analyze them through your own ideological activities, otherwise what you have learned will not be used for yourself, but for "careful thinking." "Demonstration" is the fourth stage. Learning is becoming clearer and clearer. If you don't argue, the so-called "erudition" will be mixed, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false. "Pursuit" is the last stage of learning, that is, since you have learned something, you should work hard to practice it, so that what you have learned can finally be implemented and "knowledge and action are one".

Thinking is the core of learning.

Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." China's ancient educational thought attached great importance to the combination of learning and thinking. Zhu, a philosopher and great scholar in the Song Dynasty, said: "Learning means reading, reading and thinking, and thinking and reading are naturally intentional. If you read without thinking, you won't know its meaning; Thinking without reading, even if you know, is always uneasy. It's like asking someone to look after the house, but it's not one of our own. After all, it doesn't belong to our own envoys. If you read well and think well, you will never forget it. " "erudite, interrogative, thoughtful, discerning and practical." Three of the five phrases emphasize thinking and its process method. The importance of thinking is self-evident. The key is how to enlighten thinking and exercise thinking. "Learning begins with thinking, and thinking begins with doubt." Questioning and asking difficult questions are the engines of thinking activities. There is no doubt that "learning is expensive and doubtful, small doubts and small progress, big doubts and great progress" has not made progress. There is no doubt about what they have learned, which shows that scholars have only scratched the surface. As the saying goes, "A scholar makes four mistakes, … or loses easily ……", because he is not a specialized student, his income is extremely limited. The primary value of "interrogation" can be seen this way. "Deliberation" is the inevitable direction of "interrogation", which is puzzling. "It's confusing and ultimately incomprehensible." "Discrimination" is the core strategy of "careful thinking" methodology, and reading comprehension is also a major value orientation of traditional education in China. Be sensible and cultivate one's morality, cultivate one's morality and run the country by one's family, consistently.

In ancient China, we paid special attention to the dialectical relationship between "knowledge" and "pleasure". We often say that books should be read thick before they are read thin. It is an important educational legacy left by the ancients that "breaking the contract with knowledge and controlling complexity with simplicity". The significance of erudition is that with extensive and rich knowledge, the understanding of things will be profound and comprehensive, and the problem-solving will be balanced. The simple meaning is that if knowledge can be "consistent" with a main line, it can control complexity with simplicity and draw inferences from others. Whether there is a center or a main line, the value of knowledge is very different. Confucius first put forward the idea of "blog withdrawal", which revealed a profound truth: knowledge is closely related to knowledge. The mastery of knowledge needs to be carried out around a center and outlined. "If you pat the collar, you can pat it with five fingers." While inheriting Confucius' thoughts, Xunzi further developed Confucius' thoughts. He also clearly pointed out that thinking is the key to "quitting the appointment and starting your own blog": "Remember the same number and think about it." On the one hand, scholars should be "knowledgeable", "greedy for things, not donating small things" and "take everything and save it for use". On the other hand, scholars should "interrogate it, consider it carefully, distinguish it clearly", "mention its essence" and "hook its mystery", and must not swallow it all at once. "Although you are diligent, you can't manage it and don't want to talk about it." Only by organically combining erudition with careful thinking can we achieve the learning effect of "immersion in elegance" pursued by Han Yu.

Since Confucius, China's educational thought has always attached importance to inspiration and induction. Confucius famously said, "If you don't get angry, you will be powerful, if you don't get angry, you will be arrogant, and if you don't get angry, you will be enough." Zhu's note said: "Angry people, they want to get through, but they don't get it." Those who are anxious can talk, but they will fail. Kai means opening it. Send it, that is, reach its words. " The state of anger is the critical state of interrogation, careful thinking and discernment, and it is impossible to produce this state of anger without independent thinking activities of scholars. Without this state, there would be no heuristic teaching. Therefore, "interrogation, careful thinking and discernment" is also a necessary prerequisite for the implementation of heuristic teaching.

Applying what you have learned is the ultimate goal of learning.

Confucius said, "If you know it, you can't keep it. If you have something, you will lose it. " Lu You's poem said: "It's too shallow to get it on paper, and I don't know how to do it." "Faith" is not only practice, but also faith, down-to-earth, single-minded and persistent. Only people with clear goals and firm will can truly "persevere". Lao Tzu said, "Staff sergeant is diligent." Only by taking "knowledgeable interrogation, careful thinking and discerning practice" as the way of learning can we learn something, achieve something, make use of what we have learned, and shape all materials that can be used as useful talents in the country and society.