1, rotten wood cannot be carved, and the wall of dung cannot be broken. What is the punishment?
2, the years are cold, only to know that pines and cypresses are dying.
3. Knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy.
4, quality wins the literary field, quality wins the history. Gentle, then a gentleman. (same as above)
5. If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first. ("The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong")
6, people have no long-term worries, there must be near worries. (same as above)
7, the three armed forces can win the handsome, ordinary people can not win the ambition. ("The Analects of Confucius Zi Han")
Classic quotations from Confucius
8. The son said in Sichuan: "The deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night." ("The Analects of Confucius Zi Han")
9, cold, and then know that the pine and cypress are dying. (same as above)
10, don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you. ("The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan")
1 1. Never tire of learning and never tire of teaching. (The Analects of Confucius)
12, a threesome must have my teacher. Choose the good and follow it, change the bad. (same as above)
13, learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous. ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics")
14, knowing means knowing, and not knowing means not knowing. (same as above)
15, review the past and learn new things, you can be a teacher. (same as above)
16, keep your word and do what you want. (The Analects of Confucius Lutz)
17, he is upright and doesn't order. His body is not straight, although he disobeys. (same as above)
18, sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions. ("The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang")
19, you are safe when you come. ("The Analects of Confucius Ji Shi")
20. Nine times out of ten, I am determined to learn, standing at 30, not confused at 40, knowing my destiny at 50, listening at 60 and doing what I want at 70. ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics")
2 1, sensitive and cautious. The Analects of Confucius, learn and learn.
22. unbelievers don't know what they can do. The Analects of Politics
23. Speak slowly and act quickly. The Analects of Confucius
24. Listen to what he says and see what he does. The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang
25. Stay away from ghosts and gods. The Analects of Confucius yongye
26. I want to stand up, stand up, I want to reach out and say it out loud. The Analects of Confucius yongye
27, words must be believed, and actions must be fruitful. On The Analects of Confucius
28. Ill-gotten wealth is like a cloud to me. On The Analects of Confucius
An upright man is open and poised while a petty man is anxious and worried.. On The Analects of Confucius
30. The knower is not confused, the benevolent is not worried, and the brave is not afraid. On Zi Han
3 1, people can't stand without faith. On Yan Yuan
32. The beauty of an adult gentleman. On Yan Yuan
33, not in its place, not for its politics. On Taber
34. Don't be poor and suffer from inequality, and don't be poor and suffer from anxiety.
35. A gentleman seeks for himself, while a villain seeks for others.
36. If you can't bear it, make a great plan. On Wei Linggong
37. There are different ways and no common goals. On Wei Linggong
38, within the four seas, all brothers are also.
39, clever words, fresh and righteous! Study and study
40, people are not merciful, such as courtesy? What's the fun of being heartless?
4 1, benevolence is beautiful. How do you know that you choose the unkind?
42. The knower enjoys water, and the benevolent enjoys Leshan. Those who know move, those who are good are quiet. People who know are happy, and people who are kind live long.
43. Take Tao as the goal, rely on morality, rely on benevolence, and swim in art.
44. He is also filial, and few people are good at committing crimes; It's not easy to make mistakes, but it's not easy to make mistakes. Gentleman's business is based on inheritance and Taoism. Filial piety is also the foundation of being a man!
45. Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous.
46, a threesome, there must be my teacher. Choose the good and follow it, change the bad.
47. Don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry, don't give up, you won't be there until you take a turn.
48, "Guan Yu", happy but not obscene, sad but not hurt.
49. Qi smells Shao, but he doesn't know the taste of meat in March. Yue: I don't want to be happy, but I also want to be happy.
Don't say what you did, don't say it, let bygones be bygones.
Related reading: the life of Confucius characters
spring from a noble origin
Confucius' ancestor was a nobleman in Song Dynasty, and his ancestor was Shang Tang, the founding monarch of Shang Dynasty. ? After the uprising of the Three Supervisors in the early Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou, in order to appease the nobles and descendants of the Shang Dynasty, was ordered to seal his brother Wei Wei. Founded in Shangqiu, Song State was worshipped by Yin merchants. After Wei's death, his brother succeeded to the throne, but Confucius' first 15 ancestor. The sixth ancestor got Kong's family, called Kong. Kong was a doctor in the Song Dynasty. He used to be a fu, and his fief was in the Song Dynasty (now Xiayi, Henan). Later, he was killed by Taizai Huadu in the civil strife in the imperial court. Confucius' father Jia Zi and his father gave birth to Confucius. Uncle Liang's grandson is Confucius's father. In order to escape the war in Song Dynasty, Uncle Liang fled to Lu (now Qufu, Shandong Province) and settled down. His official position is a doctor in this city.
The saint came into this world.
Shu's wife Shi gave birth to nine daughters and no sons. Yu Ji's eldest son, Meng Pi, suffered from foot disease, and Shu was very dissatisfied. ? So Shu asked Yan to take one of her three daughters as a concubine. Liang Shu was old and impatient, so she asked her three daughters for advice. Neither the eldest daughter nor the second daughter agreed, but only the youngest daughter Yan Zhizai (Yan Zhizai) was willing to marry Shu.
Yan Zhizhai is under twenty years old and Shu is sixty-six years old. There is a big difference in age, and the two are not married in ceremony. The husband and wife live in Nishan and are pregnant, so they are called "wild intercourse". Confucius was in October of the 22nd year of Duke Xiang of Lu. (julian calendar BC; Gregorian calendar year month day BC. There are two kinds of records about Confucius' date of birth, with a difference of one year. Generally, Historical Records Confucius Family shall prevail. Shen Shi was born in Changping Township, Qiaoyi.
Confucius was born with seven leaks, with a dome on his head (yú dǐng, meaning depression on the top of his head), and because his mother had prayed at the Niqiu Mountain, he was named Qiu.
Early experience
In the twenty-fourth year of Duke Xiang of Lu (BC), when Confucius was three years old, Shu died of illness and was buried in defense. ? After the death of Shu, Yan Zhizhai lost his asylum and was chased by Shu's wife Shi, so he took his younger brothers Meng Pi and Confucius to Qufu Que and lived a poor life.
In the fifth year of Lu (BC), Confucius became more and more famous. He realized that he should study hard to be a man and live, so he said that although he was fifteen years old, his ambition was to study.
In the seventh year of Lu, Confucius' mother Yan Zhizai died. This year, Ji's family gave a banquet to entertain the first-class aristocrats. Confucius went to the banquet, but yang hu, the minister of Ji's family, turned him away.
In the ninth year of Lu, Confucius was nineteen years old. In order to return to his ancestral home, the Song Dynasty, and often worship his ancestors, he married the daughter of an official in the Song Dynasty. -
Step into official career
In the tenth year of Emperor Lu Zhaodi (BC 100), Guan Qi's family gave birth to a child. It is said that this time is just the time to give the carp to Confucius, so he named his son carp, the word Bo fish. ? Confucius wanted to do something from his early twenties, so he was very concerned about world affairs, often thinking about various issues of governing the country and often expressing some opinions. It was in that year that Confucius began to be a Commissioner and manage the warehouse.
In the eleventh year of Lu (400 BC), Confucius turned to farming and managed animal husbandry. Confucius had a hard life when he was a child, so he would do some rough work.
In the seventeenth year of Emperor Zhao of Lu, Tan Zi came to see Lu, and Confucius asked Tan Zi about the ancient official system of Tan Guo. Confucius set up private schools around.
In twenty years of Lu, Confucius became famous at the age of thirty, so he claimed to have achieved something around the age of thirty. ? This year, when He Yanying visited Lu, he summoned Confucius to discuss the hegemony with him, and Confucius got to know him.
In the twenty-fourth year of Lu, Meng and Nangong learned from Confucius. According to legend, Confucius and Uncle Nangong invited Zhou Zai to be polite and happy in Changhong.
Civil strife in Shandong
In the twenty-fifth year of Lu, civil strife occurred in Lu. Duke Zhao of Lu was forced to flee to Qi, and Confucius left Lu for Qi, where he was appreciated and entertained by Qi Jinggong. He even prepared to seal the fields around Nishi to Confucius, but the doctor Yan Ying stopped him.
In twenty-six years, Lu asked Confucius questions about politics. Confucius said that a monarch should be like a monarch, a minister should be like a minister, a father should be like a father, and a son should be like a son. ? Confucius was appreciated by Qi Jinggong, and Gong Jing wanted to seal Confucius with the land of Nishi, but Yan Zi stopped him. Confucius was so fascinated by Shao in Qi State that he didn't know the meat flavor in March.
In the twenty-seventh year of Duke Zhao of Lu, the doctor of Qi tried to harm Confucius. When Confucius heard this, he turned to Qi Jinggong for help. Qi Jinggong said he was too old to use it. Confucius had to flee to Lu.
In the twenty-eighth year of Lu Zhaogong (BC), Xian Zi of Jin and Wei came to power, regardless of personal relationship. Confucius thought it was a just act. Those who are close to themselves and have virtue will not be buried nearby, and those who are recommended and have virtue will not be buried far away. This can be said to be a righteous act.
In the winter of the twenty-ninth year of Emperor Lu Zhaodi, the State of Jin cast a punishment tripod. Confucius believed that the demise of Jin was mainly due to the lack of good systems and laws by rulers.
Lu has been thirty years old, and Confucius is thirty years old. After decades of tempering, Confucius has a clearer understanding of various problems in life, so there is no doubt that he calls himself forty years old.
Be an official and practice classics.
In the sixth year of Lu, yang hu, a retainer named Ji, became more and more powerful. Confucius called it "the minister in charge of politics". ? So Confucius abdicated and wrote poems, books, rituals and music. Many disciples followed Confucius around the world and studied with him. ? Yanghu wants to see Confucius, but Confucius doesn't want to see Yanghu. Later, they met on the road. Yang hu advised Confucius to be an official, but Confucius didn't make a clear statement, and then Confucius was promoted to a small ordinary person.
In the eleventh year of Lu, Confucius was promoted to be the governor of Lu, took photos, fined Shao Zhengmao for seven days and exposed his body for three days, which brought great governance to Lu.
Leave Lu
In the twelfth year of Lu (BC), Confucius weakened Sanhuan (Shu and Shi), which was called Sanhuan because it was the descendant of three sons. At that time, the Lu regime was actually in their hands, and some retainers of the Third Ring Road also controlled the Third Ring Road to varying degrees. They took measures to destroy the castle built by the Third Ring Road. Later, the actions of Sandu were abandoned halfway, and the contradiction between Confucius and Sanhuan was exposed.
In the spring of the thirteenth year of Lu, Qi sent a beautiful woman to Lu. Ji accepted female music, and the monarch and his subjects were addicted to singing and dancing, and ignored state affairs for many days. Confucius was at odds with Ji's family. Confucius was very disappointed. Soon, Lu held a suburban festival. After the sacrifice, Confucius did not give meat to the doctors as usual. This shows that Ji doesn't want to use him anymore. Confucius had to leave Shandong to find a way out in a foreign country and began to travel around the world. This year, Confucius was twenty years old.
Travel around the world
In the fourteenth year of Lu, Confucius left Lu for Wei with his disciples. Confucius was summoned by Wei Linggong's wife Nanzi in Weiguo. Lutz, a disciple of Confucius, criticized Confucius for reading Nanzi. Confucius was very sad to hear the news of Zheng Guoci's death, and praised Zici as a kind person handed down from ancient times.
Confucius first took his disciples to Weiguo, and Wei Linggong began to respect Confucius very much. According to Lu's salary standard, his salary is equivalent, but he has no official position and cannot participate in politics. Confucius lived in Weiguo for about a month. Because someone slandered Wei Linggong in front of him, Wei Linggong became suspicious of Confucius and sent someone to publicly monitor his actions. So Confucius left Weiguo with his disciples and planned to go to Chen.
When Confucius passed through Kuangcheng (now Suixian County, Henan Province), he was besieged because of misunderstanding, fled Kuangcheng, and went to Dipu, where he was besieged again by the patriotic aristocrat uncles who launched the rebellion. After escaping, Confucius returned to China to defend his country. Wei Linggong was very happy to hear that Confucius and his disciples had returned from Dipu, and went to meet him in person. Since then, Confucius has gone abroad several times and returned to China several times. On the one hand, Wei Linggong had both good and bad feelings towards Confucius; On the other hand, after Confucius went abroad, he had nowhere to go and had to return.
In the fifteenth year of Lu, Confucius left Weiguo and returned to Lu.
In 400 BC, the State of Wu sent someone to hire people from the State of Lu and asked Confucius about the "festival car".
In the second year BC, Confucius came to Wei from Shandong. Wei Linggong asked Confucius, who politely refused Wei Linggong. Confucius couldn't live in Weiguo any longer. He left Weiguo and went to the west. Go to Guo Song via Cao Guo. Song Sima Huanxun hated Confucius and threatened to kill him. Confucius walked incognito.
Confucius left this country at the age of 18 and went to Chen Guo via Cao Guo, Guo Song and Zheng Guo. Chen Guo sent laborers to surround Confucius and his disciples in the middle of the road, not in front of the village or behind it. Zigong ate all the food he brought and finally found the Chu people. Chu sent troops to meet Confucius, and Confucius and his disciples were saved from death.
In the third year of Lu Aigong (BC), Confucius was 60 years old. He claimed that he could treat all kinds of remarks correctly at this time and did not feel uncomfortable. ? Confucius crossed the State of Zheng and went to the State of Chen. He was separated from his disciples in the capital of Zheng and waited for his disciples to come to him alone at the East Gate. He was ridiculed that he looked like a lost dog.
In four years BC, Confucius left Chen State and came to Cai State.
In the fifth year BC, Confucius came from Cai. Ye Guojun asked Confucius about politics and discussed with him about moral integrity. Confucius met a hermit on his way back to Cai.
In the sixth year, Confucius and his disciples were trapped between Chen and Cai. Many disciples fell ill because of hunger and were later rescued by the Chu people. I met a hermit on my way back from Chu to Weiguo.
In the seventh year of Lu Aigong, Confucius returned home to defend his country. Advocating to clear one's name before defending the country.
In the eighth year BC, the State of Wu crusaded against Lu, and the State of Wu was defeated. Confucius' disciples contributed to the war.
In 10 BC, Confucius was defending the country, and his wife Guan Qi died.
In BC 1 1, Qi sent a division to crusade against Lu, and Ran Qiu, a disciple of Confucius, fought against Qi and won. Ji Kangzi asked Ran where his command ability came from, and Ran said he learned it from Confucius. With the efforts of disciple Ran Qiu, Ji Kangzi sent someone to welcome Confucius back to Shandong with coins. Confucius traveled around the world for many years, and this is the end. Confucius still has the heart of politics, but he is still respected and useless. ? Ji Kangzi wanted to implement land tax, but Confucius opposed it. For Ran, judging whether a person's behavior is a gentleman's behavior depends on his manners. When you give alms, you will give more. When doing things, you will act moderately. When you die, you will bury yourself very thin.
Back to Lu.
In the twelfth year of Lu Aigong, Confucius continued to engage in education and document arrangement. This winter, Kong Li, the son of Confucius, died.
In 13 BC, Confucius was 20 years old, saying that he could do whatever he wanted at this time without overstepping the bounds.
There is no room for the benevolent government advocated by Confucius in troubled times, but in the three months of governing Lu, the powerful Qi was also afraid of Confucius' talent, which shows that Confucius is worthy of the title of outstanding politician. Political dissatisfaction made Confucius devote a large part of his energy to education. Confucius used to be a scout in Lu, but later he traveled around the world with his disciples and asked Lao Tzu for advice in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Finally, I returned to Shandong and concentrated on teaching. Confucius broke the monopoly of education and started a private school, with as many as 3000 disciples, including 72 sages. Many of these 72 people are the pillars of senior officials in various countries, which have continued the glory for Confucianism. Among the "seventy-two wise men", Yan Hui is Confucius' favorite disciple.
This year, Yan Hui died before him, and Confucius was very sad. He felt that the students who followed him from Chen to Cai were not taught at this time.
In the spring of 14th year of Lu Aigong (BC), he was awarded the title of "Hunting in the West". Confucius thought this was not a good sign and called me poor. So I stopped writing Spring and Autumn Annals. In June of the same year, Chen Heng of Qi killed Jian Gong of Qi, and Confucius fasted and bathed for three days. When Confucius met Lu Aigong, he asked Lu to send troops to attack Chen Heng, but he was not supported. Confucius once again asked Ji Sun to send troops, but the result was rejected.
Driving crane westbound
In 15 BC, another favorite student of Confucius, Lu, died in the civil strife in Wei State and was chopped to pieces. After this series of blows, Confucius knew that his time was running out.
On the fourth day of February in the 16th year of Lu Aigong (BC), Zi Gong came to see Confucius with his walking stick. He asked Zi Gong why he came to see him so late. So I lamented that Mount Tai would collapse, beams and columns would rot, and philosophers would wither and rot like vegetation. Confucius said with tears that there is no long way in the world, and no one is willing to adopt his own ideas. It is impossible to realize one's own ideas. People in Xia Dynasty died at funerals in the Eastern Dynasty, people in Zhou Dynasty died at funerals in the Western Dynasty, and people in Shang Dynasty died between two pillars. Last night, I dreamed that I was sitting between two trees to pay my respects. My ancestors were from Shang Dynasty. -
On February 11th, 16th year of Lu Aigong, Confucius died at the age of seventy-three, and was buried in the north Surabaya River in Lucheng. Many disciples kept the tomb for three years, but Zi Gong kept it for Confucius for six years. Hundreds of disciples and Lu people came home from the ancient tomb and named them. Confucius' former residence was changed into a temple, and Confucius was worshipped by people.