2. Education acts on society and cultivates people. Today, there are still deviations here. How clever saints are!
3. The purpose of education is to cultivate "scholars". Dialectically speaking, "being an official is the best way to learn, and learning is the best way to be an official" has both great significance and side effects that cause misunderstanding.
4. The content of education is "writing, action, loyalty and faith".
"Disciples are filial, and younger brothers are filial. I sincerely believe that I love people and love them. I have spare capacity to study literature. " (Xue Ji) attaches importance to moral education rather than intellectual education. The six classics of Poetry, Calligraphy, Yi, Li, Yue and Chunqiu have been processed and revised, and the teaching is closely related to "writing, action, loyalty and faith". Its far-reaching influence on the state of etiquette is universally recognized. As educators today, we must seriously understand.
Dialectically, there are contradictions in Confucius' educational thought, such as ignoring practical knowledge such as productive labor, being limited by the lack of natural science knowledge at that time, ignoring the cultivation of speculative knowledge and ability, and lacking sufficient philosophical speculative atmosphere. This can also be said to have a certain relationship with rigid dogmatic teaching.
5, the four principles of moral education:
(1) Contemporary education that is determined and persistent should seriously reflect and implement "frustration education". The contest between Chinese and Japanese summer camps is thought-provoking. It is worrying to be pampered, to love leisure and hate work, to play with things and to be discouraged, and to be "ungrateful".
(2) Self-denial and introspection in contemporary education, including teachers, lack this spirit and are indifferent to being a teacher; Students are self-centered, blindly conceited, see their own strengths shorter than others, and cover up their own mistakes with others' mistakes. Of course, on the other hand, we should also pay attention to the negative effects brought by Confucius' thought; It is necessary to cultivate students to be bold and cautious, develop their personality, have their own opinions and understand others.
(3) Better late than never, we should dare to admit our mistakes, correct them and avoid whitewashing them. The best way to treat teachers' own shortcomings is to face up to them, study hard and dare to blame themselves.
(4) It is particularly important for educators to practice what they say and do what they say. What the teacher said is not true, and students can't understand it, which has a strong negative effect.
6. Teaching and learning advocate eight principles:
(1) Being diligent in learning and knowledgeable in contemporary education means not only teaching students, but also asking teachers themselves, that is, the "group view". It is of great benefit to straighten out the position of individuals in the teacher group and learn from each other's strengths.
(2) always learn, always learn. Teachers and students should always study and cultivate knowledge, and use the new terms of educational reform to call "rumination" and "migration". It is necessary to prevent rote memorization and armchair strategist, and pay attention to cultivating a firm grasp of knowledge, which can be integrated and extrapolated.
(3) Pay equal attention to learning and thinking, focusing on learning. "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous."
(4) apply what you have learned and match words with deeds. At present, there is also the problem of separation of learning and application in education. For example, the Chinese teacher can't write well and speak well (stuttering, stuttering, nonstandard, mantra). Students' reading and writing ability is low. They can recite articles but can't use them.
(5) Learn with an open mind and work hard. "What you know is what you know, and what you don't know is what you know." When a teacher is a teacher, he often lacks the spirit of studying hard, pretends to be mysterious, pretends to be mysterious, and actually does not make progress, muddling along, making himself gradually aging, rigid and degenerate.
(6) Inspire thinking and draw inferences. The current educational reform emphasizes inspiring students to think and cultivating students' autonomous learning; Chinese unit teaching focuses on drawing inferences from others and realizing vertical and horizontal migration.
(7) Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, preparing lessons from reality, preparing schools, teachers, students and teaching materials. According to the book, cramming is actually a sign of inertia. The student's view is "gifted".
(8) Set an example by carefully understanding that "a person's body is upright, but he does not do things without orders; If you are not upright, you will not obey orders "and" If you are not upright, you will be like a human being ". To be a teacher, you must have a strong sense of role. Of course, on the other hand, we should also cultivate students' independent personality consciousness of "I love my teacher, and I especially love the truth".