biography

Guan zhong (? -645 years ago), the name is martial and the word is loyal, also known as Guan. Zhou Wang was born in Yingshang (by the Shui Ying River) and was born with his surname. Outstanding politicians, famous military strategists and military reformers in the Spring and Autumn Period helped Qi Huangong become the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period. For Guan Zhong's remarks, see Mandarin Strange Language. Another book, Guanzi, has been handed down from generation to generation.

Guan Zhong came from a poor family and studied hard since childhood. He knows "poetry" and "books", understands etiquette, is rich in knowledge, and has high martial arts. He and his friend Bao are Gong Zijiu's teachers respectively. In the 12th year of Qi Xianggong (686 BC), the state of Qi was in turmoil, and Sun was ignorant, so he killed King Qixiang and became king on his own. A year later, Gongsun Zan was killed in ignorance, leaving Qi without a monarch. Gong Zijiu and Xiao Bai, who are in exile, strive to return to China as soon as possible to seize the throne. In order to make Xiaobai a monarch, Guan Zhong tried to shoot him in the middle of the ambush, but the arrow hit Xiaobai's copper belt hook. Xiaobai pretended to be dead, and with Bao's help, he first returned to China and ascended the throne. He is the famous Qi Huangong in history. When Huan Gong ascended the throne, he managed to kill Gong Zijiu and Guan Zhong, the enemy who shot his own arrow. Bao tried to dissuade him, pointing out that Guan Zhong was a genius in the world, and asked Huan Gong to think about the prosperity of Qi, forget old grievances and reuse Guan Zhong. Duke Huan accepted the suggestion, took Zhong back to China, and soon got married and presided over the state affairs. Guan Zhong can display all his talents.

At first, Guan Zhong put forward the strategy of repairing neighbors to Huan Gong, starting from the inside and waiting for the situation to dominate. However, Duke Huan did not listen to him, and rashly attacked Lu in the following year, and was defeated by Lu in the battle of ladle.

After the war, Guan Zhong carried out a series of reforms to make Qi rich and strong as soon as possible, enriching the people, making the country rich and the army strong.

On the economic front, he emphasized that "the granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace", and thought that whether the country can be stable and whether the people can abide by the law is closely related to whether the economy develops. He abolished the public land system that Qi still kept, and implemented the land tax policy based on the fertility of the land, which made the tax more reasonable and improved the people's enthusiasm for production. Set up salt officials to cook salt, set up iron officials to develop fisheries, and the state minted coins to adjust prices and promote commodity circulation; Encourage businessmen to trade with overseas countries. Qi's economy has developed rapidly.

Politically, we should adjust administrative divisions and institutions. Divide the capital into 2 1 towns. Among them, there are 6 industrial and commercial townships, and the villagers specialize in this industry and refuse to perform military service, and there are 5 rural townships/kloc-0. In wartime, villagers usually farm and serve as soldiers. Outside the capital, it is divided into cities, towns, townships and counties, all of which are managed by officials. 10 county genus 1 genus, there are 5 genera in China and 5 doctors in charge. At the beginning of each year, five doctors report their internal affairs to the monarch. This formed the rule of the whole country.

On the military side, Guan Zhong thinks that soldiers are not good enough, and emphasizes that soldiers should be brought into agriculture and the administrative Baojia system should be closely integrated with military organizations. In rural areas, five are 1 tracks, 1 tracks are 1 Li, four are 1 company, 1 company is1township, and five townships are1army. Each family has 1 soldiers, and 1 army has 10,000 soldiers. There are three armies in China. The monarch commands 1 Army and two ministers command 1 Army. Every spring and autumn, the army uses hunting training to improve its combat effectiveness.

Thanks to Guan Zhong's reform, Qi became strong rapidly. Guan Zhong also proposed to Qi Huangong the strategy of dominating the Central Plains, that is, "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries". The so-called "respect for the king" means supporting the Zhou royal family. At that time, the decline of the royal family in the Western Zhou Dynasty caused wars among countries. First of all, hold up the statue of Wang Daqi, and you can gain the position of leader by Zhou's life. The so-called "anti-Japanese war" means that the Miao and Rong people in northern China used the war between the Central Plains countries at that time to invade China, posing a serious threat to all countries, and taking the lead in cutting down foreigners would win the support of all countries.

In the thirty-fourth year of Qi Huangong (652 BC), King Hui of Zhou died. Together with the vassal States, Zheng was made the son of heaven, that is, King Xiang of Zhou. After King Xiang of Zhou acceded to the throne, he sent people to offer sacrifices to Huan Gong as a reward. Duke Huan convened a gift-giving ceremony in Kuiqiu (near Kaocheng, Henan Province), and made a covenant on the basis of Guan Zhong's suggestion. At this point, with the assistance of Guan Zhong, Qi Huangong presided over three armed alliances, six peace alliances and once assisted the royal family. He was known as the "Nine Princes, Conquering the World" and became a recognized hegemon. Guan Zhong made an immortal contribution to the creation of hegemony. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was named Guan Zhong by Huan Gong.