Mozi's thoughts are profound and profound, and his political, philosophical thoughts and views on science and technology are mainly preserved in Mozi. This book, written by Mozi and his disciples, is a collection of Mohist works. There are 7 1 articles recorded in Hanshu, and only 53 articles have been circulated so far, which is the basic material for studying Mozi and Mohist theory. The book is divided into two parts: one part records Mozi's words and deeds, expounds Mozi's theory, and mainly reflects the early Mohist thought; The other part, including Shang Jing and Xia Jing, is generally called Mohist Debate or Mo Jing, which focuses on Mohist epistemology and logical thought, and also contains many natural science contents, reflecting Mohist thought in the later period.

Mohist school mainly has ten political and ideological propositions, such as universal love, non-aggression, Shang Tong and unhappiness. The core of Mozi's thought is "universal love", and the so-called "universal love" means loving the whole world to the extreme. Mozi believes that "love" has no difference and thickness, and advocates equal love between people, which is more progressive than the Confucian "love has differences". His "non-aggression" and "fraternity" are completely consistent. He strongly opposes predatory war and thinks it is a very unjust criminal act. He put forward many progressive ideas in governing the country. Politically, it advocates "opening Shang Xian" and pays attention to the selection and use of talents; As long as they are talented people, they should be promoted and reused, and they should be given official positions to handle political affairs.

Mozi put forward the idea of saving money, burial and unhappiness in view of the unscrupulous extravagance and indulgence of selfish desires of the ruling class. Among them, "non-music" opposes decadent and lewd decadent sounds, not music itself. He advocates saving money for burial, which is not only reasonable, but also in line with the wishes of the people; And very brave, it still has practical significance today. He disapproved of "the theory of destiny" and was the first thinker who explicitly opposed it in the pre-Qin period. He distinguished "heaven" from "destiny" and believed in "heaven" but not "destiny". It aims to establish the supreme authority of the idea of "universal love" by saying that the sky is just a vast expanse with will and feelings, and all natural phenomena are regarded as the expression of God's love.

Another important aspect of Mohist thought is "non-attack", that is, an unjust war against attack, logging and plunder. Mozi thought that the wars at that time were predatory and unjust, so in the chapter of non-attack, he repeatedly complained about the meaning of non-attack and thought that the war was fierce. He said that most ancient nations perished in this attack, and only a few countries survived. It's like a doctor has cured tens of thousands of people, and only a few have recovered. This doctor doesn't deserve to be called a good doctor. War is not a good treatment either. Countless rulers died in wars in history. This is tantamount to sounding the alarm for those who attempt to expand their territory and annex the world by attacking the war. Therefore, Mozi advocated serving the country with virtue and eliminating disasters with great love. In Mozi's eyes, universal love can stop the attack and go to chaos. Universal love is the ethical basis of attacking right and wrong, and not attacking is the inevitable result of universal love.

Mozi advocated not attacking, especially against the predatory war of attacking the small with the big and bullying the weak with the strong. Taking universal love as the criterion, Mozi strictly divided war into "punishment" (punishment without righteousness) and "attack without innocence", that is, justice and injustice. The war of "loving the world", such as Shang Tang's attack on Jie and Zhou, is in line with the interests of heaven, ghosts and people, so it is a just war with the help of ghosts and gods. On the contrary, it is unjust to attack the big with small ones, bully the weak with strong ones, oppress the minority and "hate people all over the world".

Mozi is also one of the important pioneers of China's ancient logic thought. In Mozi, he consciously and extensively used the method of logical reasoning to establish or demonstrate his own political and ethical thoughts. Mozi first put forward the idea that name and reality must be consistent, and also put forward logical concepts such as argument, category and truth for the first time in China's logical history. Due to Mozi's advocacy and enlightenment, Mohism developed the tradition of attaching importance to logic, and later Mohism established the first system of ancient logic in China. Generally speaking, China's ancient logic thought is not developed enough, but Mo Jing's logic thought has reached a quite high level.

There are many religious influences in Mozi's thought. He acknowledged the existence of providence and ghosts and gods, regarded providence as the ultimate basis of all his thoughts, and believed that providence and ghosts and gods both rewarded good and punished evil. However, he opposed the theory of destiny and thought that the difference between man and beast was that beast didn't have to plow and weave, so he had plenty of food and clothing. People live by strength, and people who are not bad in strength are not born, emphasizing that everything depends on their own efforts. He also put forward three criteria to measure people's words and deeds: the experience of ancient holy kings, the truth of people's eyes and ears, and the interests of the people of the country. These ideas are very valuable. "Mozi" said: "There is no one in the world, and Mozi's words are still there." This famous saying full of philosophy and lofty sentiments fully shows Mohist Group's firm confidence in its own theory.