Carl spitteler, an important writer at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, is also a writer who opposes bourgeois democracy and yearns for the past. During World War I, he published his political treatise Our Swiss Position (19 14), advocating Swiss neutrality to ease the contradiction between Germany and France. In addition, the so-called "local literature" represented by Johanna Spyri (1829- 190 1) describes the quiet and beautiful scenery of Switzerland and the natural state of the mountain people, which is in sharp contrast with the reality of rapid industrialization.