The monarch is the master of all things in the world, and because he is the master of all things in the world, his responsibility is great. If people's livelihood is not handled properly, it is that the monarch has not taken responsibility.
Therefore, officials should try their best to serve the monarch, be loyal to their duties and speak freely. The courtiers did their duty, and so did the monarch.
Needless to say, those who have tried to please, please, and not let the monarch hear the actual situation. An alarmist may say: a gentleman talks but doesn't do it. Even if you meet a wise monarch, you are often prepared for danger in times of peace and worry when the politics is clear. I'm afraid it will confuse people's thinking and direction.
This statement is not in line with the present situation! I am grateful to my country, and I would rather openly oppose it than lie. Good is good, bad is bad, and I dare not hide anything. I don't want to please the above, and I don't care about gains and losses. Today, I will tell you a few words from my heart.
Jia Yi, a famous minister in the Han Dynasty, once said to Emperor Wen: "The following people always say that the world has been ruled, but I don't think so. Those who say that the world has been ruled are either ignorant or flattering. "
Emperor Wendi was a saint in the Han Dynasty, and Jia Yi didn't ask much of him. Emperor Wendi's quality and style are good. He has the virtue of loving the people, being kind and thrifty, and being calm and humble. But the disadvantage is that he lingers in his mysterious old age and doesn't specialize in government affairs. Many government affairs have been delayed and not done well.
If the liegeman can't see these ills and blindly thinks that the world has been cured, this is ignorance. If I can't see that Wendi's talent is limited after all, it is flattering to praise him blindly if he has been cured.
How does your majesty compare himself with Emperor Wen? Your majesty is brilliant and resourceful, and has the potential to become a king like Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen and Wu. Your Majesty worked as hard as Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di, as generous as Emperor Guangwu, as invincible as Emperor Taizong, and as able to quell the rebellion in various buffer regions as Tang Xianzong. Your Majesty has the virtue of benevolence and forgiveness in Song Renzong. In short, you have all these desirable advantages, no matter which one. In the first few years of your accession to the throne, you should eradicate the accumulated disadvantages, clearly declare that you should innovate political affairs with the people of the whole country.
Let's take an example: you wrote an article "Respect Proverbs" advocating discipline; Changed some crown service systems, ordered the abolition of statues in Confucius temples, and only used wooden owners; Weakened the eunuch's internal and external rights; Yuan Shizu was removed from the memorial tablet enshrined in the imperial temples of past dynasties; Sacrifice Confucius' parents in Confucius Temple. At that time, everyone in the world was looking forward to it, thinking that you must do something.
Knowledgeable people think that with the help of good courtiers, it won't be long before the world is at peace. You must be much better than Wendi in China. However, Emperor Wen can carry forward the nature of benevolence and forgiveness, be thrifty and show compassion for the people. Lv Zuqian of the Song Dynasty said that he was good at employing people and could do his best.
Although the world at that time could not be said to have been rectified, the national treasury was full, even the strings of money were rotten, and the people were happy and rich. It is recognized that he is a saint after Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Your majesty, you made up your mind to do one thing, but it didn't take long for you to be led to other places by messy ideas. You use your strength and wisdom in the wrong place, thinking that people can really live forever, but you practice blindly.
Your majesty is rich all over the world, but he doesn't know it is the essence of the people. He often builds buildings and refurbishes palaces and temples. Your majesty's failure to go to court to handle government affairs for more than 20 years has led to lax discipline and corruption.
The imperial court sold officials and bought officials, and abused this constitution more and more, euphemistically calling it an example of promotion, which led to the proliferation of dignitaries and dignitaries. You are devoted to alchemy with the alchemist and don't meet your son. People think you lack the affection between father and son.
You often insult your deputy with suspicion and slander. People think you lack the courtesy of monarchs and ministers. You stay in Xiyuan all day and don't go back to the palace. People think there is a lack of marriage and love.
Officials in the world are corrupt, the army is weak, floods and droughts occur from time to time, and the people are in dire straits, leading to refugee riots, which are in full swing and intensified. Your majesty has been like this for several years, but it is not serious. But now the tax corvee is getting heavier and heavier, and officials at all levels follow the example of the imperial court and excessively exploit the people.
Your majesty has spent a lot of money to worship Taoism, which has been done to the extreme for more than ten years. Therefore, your Majesty changed the yuan number, and everyone in the world speculated that this was "Jia Jing said that every family was clean and had no money." Recently, Yan Song went on strike and Yan Shifan was sentenced to death, which was barely satisfactory. There was a time when it was said that the world was cold.
However, the politics after Yan Song's withdrawal is similar to that before he became prime minister, and it may not be clear. Your Majesty is a far cry from Emperor China.
People all over the world have been dissatisfied with you for a long time, and officials and workers at home and abroad know it. In the Book of Songs, it is said that "the clock can make up for the mistakes in the post", which means that the clock can not fully perform its duties and can remedy it from the side.
Today, your ministers have the responsibility to help and correct mistakes and put everything on the right track. Sages are bound to make mistakes. Otherwise, in ancient times, it was enough to have an official, as long as he was an official. There is no need to ask them for advice, and there is no need to set up an admonition officer, not to mention wooden ropes and gold.
Your majesty built a palace and an altar to pray for blessings, so that the ministers competed to offer incense and fairy medicine of Xiantao, and invited hundreds of officials to sit at the table to congratulate. Your majesty wants to build a palace, and the Ministry of Industry tries its best to operate it; If your majesty wants to find incense and treasure, the housing department will send people everywhere to ask for it.
What your majesty did was wrong, and the obedience of ministers was meaningless, but no one spoke for your majesty. The practice of openly discussing right and wrong, contributing good words and preventing evil has not been heard for a long time, and the atmosphere of flattery is too strong.
However, people dare not speak out, but they can't help feeling ashamed and angry. They dare not say it to their face, but they talk about right and wrong behind their backs. People obey your majesty on the surface, but they hide their true feelings. How much is it to praise your majesty? .
2. Harry's classical Chinese translation Harry, the word Yuxian, is from Qiongshan.
Zhongjuren. Acting as an agent in Nanping County, popularizing the primary examination methods hosted by local authorities in the imperial examination system of Ming and Qing Dynasties, including sub-examination, academy examination, year-old examination, science examination and other steps.
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the party was relatively complete. Children's quiz, also known as question and answer, is presided over by governors of prefectures and counties to select local children.
The exam is divided into four times. In the first and second sessions, try one article and one poem; in the third session, try one poem or one strategy and one theory; in the fourth session, try three or four arts. The candidates will be eliminated one by one, and the final roster of young students will be sent to the Confucianism Department of the county, and then sent to the inspector college, and the college exam will be held when the inspector messenger (also known as academic politics) sent by the central government comes to supervise.
I am trying two essays and a poem. I tried an essay and a poem in the second interview. I wrote hundreds of crosses in the "extensive instructions of the Oracle" according to my memory. Those who are admitted become students of local county schools (state schools or official schools), and those who are beginners are called attached students, and gradually become augmented students and catering students. They are collectively called scholars.
Every year, students who enroll students, enter the school and take part in the exam presided over by the school administration, which is called the annual exam. If you fail to take the exam for some reason, you must make up the exam. When taking the exam, try to take the four books "University", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius" as the first text, and the five classics "Yi", "Shi", "Li" and "Chunqiu" as the first text, with five words and six rhymes.
According to the writing quality of candidates, it is divided into one, two and three grades. The students who won the first place in the exam are not the students who were originally extended education and the students attached to the middle school. Students can make-up exams after the second interview, and they get four taels of silver every year. Try to use four books and one poem in the second interview, with five words and eight rhymes.
At that time, there was a "three-year competition" system, that is, a set of bottom-up examination steps were held every three years. Provincial examinations are held every autumn afternoon, noon and the end of the year, and examinations are held every spring morning, evening, ugliness and childhood. The year before the departure, the inspector held a series of scientific examinations, the order of which was the first day and the second time, which was the same as the New Year's examination.
The next day, I tried to add, add and attach four books, one article and one strategy, and a poem with five words and eight rhymes. On the third day, try the boys, just like the annual exam.
On the fourth day, I passed the exam. On the fifth day, I got a first-class student in the second interview.
On the sixth day, I was admitted to the second interview. On the seventh day, Gong Sheng, who has left school, does not need to take the exam, but those who want to take the provincial exam must take the subject one exam.
In science examination, except for children's examination, all students who take the first, second or third place are eligible to take the provincial examination next year. Children's exams, college exams, New Year's exams, science exams, etc. They are only the primary stage of the imperial examination, and then the provincial examination, the general examination and palace examination are the correct ways to select candidates for the imperial examination.
If you don't know, you can go to Ji Lianhai lecture hall to talk about Ji Xiaolan, which is in the vernacular.
3. Ask Harry for the translation of classical Chinese. Dear landlord: Harry, whose real name is Ruxian, is from Qiongshan.
The official of Nanping, imperial academy, was a humble minister, and Rui Duchang bowed and said, "The Taiwan bow should be regarded as a gift, the headquarters hall, the teacher, and there is no injustice." Moved to Chun 'an County.
Cloth robes and millet, so that the old servant can be self-sufficient in arts and vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian said to the speaker, "I heard that Hailing was my mother's birthday yesterday, and the city weighed two Jin."
Zong Xianzi crossed Chun 'an, angered the postal clerk and hung upside down. Rui said, "Teach me to do as I say, but don't confess.
It's crowded today. It can't be Hu Gongzi. "Thousands of gold to send, the library, sued ZongXian, ZongXian not guilty.
Harry's name is Ruxian, and he is from Qiongshan. Zhongjuren.
Yushi went to Gong Xue as the agent of Nanping County, and all subordinate officials reported their names on the ground. Harry bowed alone and said, "Go to the yamen where Yushi is located to be a subordinate etiquette. This school is a place where teachers educate students and should not bow down. " Moved to Chun 'an County, wore a cloth robe, ate coarse grains and brown rice, and let the old servant grow his own vegetables.
Governor Hu Zongxian once told others: "Yesterday I heard that Hai Xian asked me to give my mother a birthday, so I bought two pounds of meat." Hu Zongxian's son passed by Chun 'an County, furious with the postman and hung the postman upside down.
Harry said: "In the past, the governor inspected the patrol department and ordered that supplies should not be too extravagant. Since this man is dressed so well, he must not be Gong Hu's son. "
Open the bag with thousands of two hundred gold, income to the county library, sent a horse to report to Hu Zongxian, Hu Zongxian was not punished. I wish you a promotion step by step and look forward to your adoption. Thank you.
4. Hai Ruichuan translated the full text of Hai Rui, whose names are Ruxian and Qiongshan.
Take the exam after the township exam. (Harry) As the agent of Nanping County's teaching guidance, Shi Yu came to the house of the county school. All the subordinate officials knelt down to meet him, but Harry only bowed and said, "(According to the regulations) When you meet Shi Yu at Shi Yu Station, you should use the official courtesy. (But) this hall is where teachers teach students. You shouldn't kneel. "
(Hou) promoted to Chun 'an county magistrate, dressed in cloth and eating coarse rice, let the old servants at home grow their own vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian once told others, "I heard that Hai Xian ordered my mother's birthday yesterday and only bought two pounds of meat."
Hu Zongxian's son passed by Chun 'an, resenting the postman and hanging him upside down. Harry said, "In the past, when Gong Hu visited all the places under his jurisdiction, he ordered not to entertain the places he passed.
Now look at this man's costume is very luxurious, it must not be Hu Gongzi. "Harry opened (his) bag, which contained thousands of taels of silver, confiscated it and turned it over to the state treasury, and sent someone to ride the fast horse to report the matter to Hu Zongxian. Hu Zongxian couldn't punish Harry.
At that time, Sejong had been in power for a long time, no longer listened to state affairs, lived in the west courtyard of the palace, and devoted himself to fasting and offering sacrifices to God. Since Yang Zui and Yang Jue were convicted of dissuasion, no one dared to talk about current politics.
In February of Jiajing forty-five years, only Harry went to school alone. Emperor Sejong was furious when he saw the paper. He threw it on the ground and turned to the eunuch around him and said, "You should arrest him quickly before he runs away."
Eunuch Jin said aside, "This man has always had a stupid name. I heard that when he went into exile, he knew that offending the emperor was bound to die, so he bought a coffin, bid farewell to his wife and children, and committed crimes in the court. All the servants at home were sent away, leaving no one behind, which shows that he has no intention of running away. "
Emperor Sejong was silent. After a while, the emperor took out the paper again. He read it two or three times a day and was moved to sigh.
The emperor once said, "This man can be compared with Bigan, but I am not Zhou Wang." After Sejong's death, Mu Zong succeeded to the throne.
(Harry) has been in charge of about two Beijings. During his three summers in Qin Long, he served as the governor of the right capital and ten prefectures.
Subordinate officials are afraid of his power, and most of those officials with corruption records leave their jobs voluntarily. The powerful family painted the gate red. When they heard that Harry was coming, they quickly painted the door black.
(Hai Rui) has always hated the rich and powerful families who annexed the farmers' land, and tried hard to crack down on the rich and powerful poor people, and all the fields that were embezzled by the rich families were recovered and returned to the poor. In the early years of Wanli, Zhang presided over the court affairs. He didn't like Harry, so he sent a policeman to visit him as suggested.
Shi Yu visited the mountain area, and Harry arranged chicken and millet rice (for him). They ate each other, and Harry's place was desolate and left with a sigh. Zhang is afraid of seriousness and honest and frank. Although Harry was recommended by people inside and outside, Zhang didn't call him in the end.
In the winter of the twelfth year of Wanli, after Zhang's death, the official department planned to appoint Harry as the left. The emperor always valued Harry's reputation and awarded him his previous official position.
In the first month of the second year, he was recruited as the right assistant minister of Nanjing official department on his way to office. Harry is 72 years old. The emperor tried many times to recruit Hai Rui, but all of them were secretly stopped by the minister in power, so he appointed Hai Rui as the suggestion of Nanjing Youdu.
Harry asked for retirement many times, but (the emperor) advised him not to resign. In the fifteenth year of Wanli, Harry died in office.
Harry has no son. When the coffin passed by the river, people wore white clothes and sent it to the shore. The procession of sprinkling wine to pay homage and shedding tears stretches for hundreds of miles. The imperial court gave the title of Prince Taibao to pursue "loyalty".
Harry is usually a scholar and pays attention to rigidity, so he is named "Feng Gang" and everyone calls him "Mr. Feng Gang". The original Hairui, the word Ruxian, is from Qiongshan.
After having obtained the provincial examination, it was the Nanping Academic Affairs Office. Gong Xue, the courtier and ancient adviser, paid tribute to Du Rui, saying, "Taiwan should be treated with courtesy. This hall is the place of master and apprentice, and it cannot be wronged."
Moved to Chun 'an County. Cloth robes and millet, so that the old servant can be self-sufficient in arts and vegetables.
Governor Hu Zongxian said to the speaker, "I heard that Hailing was my mother's birthday yesterday, and the city weighed two Jin." Zong Xianzi crossed Chun 'an, angered the postal clerk and hung upside down.
Rui said, "Tell Hu's Ministry of Public Security not to give a statement. Now that his clothes are full, it must not be Hu Gongzi. "
Thousands of dollars have been paid and the money has been collected. If you sue Zong Xian, Zong Xian is innocent. Sejong enjoyed the country for a long time, ignored the DPRK, lived in Xiyuan and devoted himself to fasting.
After Yang Zui and Yang Jue offended the courtiers, no one dared to talk about current affairs. In February of forty-five, Du Rui went to work alone.
The emperor was annoyed and angry, so he went to that place, looked around and said, "If you are interested, you can't escape!" " Eunuch Jin said, "This man has a stupid name. As soon as I heard it, I knew that if I touched it, I would die, marry a wife and be punished by the DPRK.
A servant who escapes and does not stay cannot escape. "The emperor was silent.
After a while, I watched it again, which was so touching. Taste said: "This person can compete with others, and I am not a fan."
Emperor collapse, desire, calendar around Beijing. In the summer of three years, the governor of Shi Yu, the right capital, was appointed to ten posts.
Officials are afraid of their rights, and those who are ink are exempt. Zhu, a powerful family, has heard of it.
The merger of large families with diseases will destroy the powerful and powerful, and those who are rich in housing and poor in land will be recovered according to the rate. In the early years of Wanli, when Zhang Weiguo was unhappy, he ordered an inspection as suggested.
It is recommended to see on the mountain that Ruishe chicken and millet are relatively eaten, and the room is bleak. It is recommended to sigh. Integrity, recommended by Chinese and foreign countries, uninvited.
Twelve years of winter, dead, the official department plans to use the left. Diya values fame and reputation, but she accepted her previous position.
In the first month of next year, he will be called the right assistant minister of Nanjing official department, and he will be called the right assistant minister of Nanjing official department. It has been 72 years since the year of Rui. The emperor wanted to summon Rui many times. He was in power and thought Nanjing was the right capital of the empire.
Rui also begged for rest many times, and comfort was not allowed. Fifteen years, be an official.
Ray has no children. Mourning out of the river, those in white are caught on the shore, and those who cry are endless.
To the prince taibao, the stone tower hero. Rui studied hard all his life, and he valued rigidity. Because of his name, he was called Mr. by the world.
This paper comes from the writing background of Zhang's "The Materials for the Enlarged History of Ming Dynasty" in Qing Dynasty: after the Qing soldiers entered the customs, they returned to the sea in April of the second year of Shunzhi (1645), and Zhao invited to compile the Records of Ming Dynasty (note: Zhao invited to compile the Records of Ming Dynasty, and He officially marked Shunzhi Dynasty). But there is no exact historical data to prove when the Qing court decided to compile it.
There is no imperial edict about compiling the history of Ming Dynasty in the official books of Qing Dynasty, and only a few presidents have been seen in the Record of Qing Saizu in the second year of Shunzhi.
5. Harry's incorruptible ancient prose translation: Harry, the capital of the empire, died in the official residence.
Su Minhuai, an official with him in Nanjing, is the only fellow villager who works in the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Su Minhuai checked and calculated his salary as an official. There are eight taels of silver, two zhangs of linen and some old clothes in the bamboo box.
How many such suggestions are there? Wang Fengzhou commented on him: "Not afraid of death, not loving money, not holding a group." These nine words sum up Harry's life.
Even if you praise him with a thousand words, can you go beyond this evaluation? Hai Rui (1514 65438+1October 22-1587 65438+13) was born in Qiongshan, Hainan. Famous officials in Ming dynasty.
Harry experienced Zheng De, Jiajing, Qin Long and Wanli Dynasties. In the 28th year of Jiajing (1549), Harry took part in the rural examination. He was first appointed to teach Chongqing in Nanping, Fujian, and later promoted to Chun 'an, Zhejiang and Xingguo County, Jiangxi. He carried out the policy of clearing taxes, rehabilitated false and wrong cases and cracked down on corrupt officials, which won the hearts of the people.
He has served as a state judge, minister of the Ministry of Housing, minister of the Ministry of War, Shang Baocheng, chief political officer of both capitals, and an imperial advisor of the right capital. He cracked down on mighty men, dredged rivers, built water conservancy projects, urged severe punishment of corrupt officials, prohibited abuse of power for personal gain, and imposed whipping laws to force corrupt officials to return to the people, thus having the reputation of "clear sky".
In the fifteenth year of Wanli (1587), Harry died of illness in Nanjing official residence. To Prince Taibao and posthumous title Zhong.
After Harry's death, the story about him spread widely among the people.
6. Ask Harry to translate classical Chinese. Dear landlord:
The original Hairui, the word Ruxian, is from Qiongshan. The official of Nanping, imperial academy, was a humble minister, and Rui Duchang bowed and said, "The Taiwan bow should be regarded as a gift, the headquarters hall, and the teacher should respect it. It cannot be wronged." Moved to Chun 'an County. Cloth robes and millet, so that the old servant can be self-sufficient in arts and vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian said to the speaker, "I heard that Hailing was my mother's birthday yesterday, and the city weighed two Jin." Zong Xianzi crossed Chun 'an, angered the postal clerk and hung upside down. Rui said, "Teach me to do as I say, but don't confess. Now that his clothes are full, it must not be Hu Gongzi. " Thousands of dollars have been paid and the money has been collected. If you sue Zong Xian, Zong Xian is innocent.
Harry's name is Ruxian, and he is from Qiongshan. Zhongjuren. Yushi went to Gong Xue as the agent of Nanping County, and all subordinate officials reported their names on the ground. Harry bowed alone and said, "Go to the yamen where Yushi is located to be a subordinate etiquette. This school is a place where teachers educate students and should not bow down. " Moved to Chun 'an County, wore a cloth robe, ate coarse grains and brown rice, and let the old servant grow his own vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian once told others: "Yesterday I heard that Hai Xian asked me to give my mother a birthday, so I bought two pounds of meat." Hu Zongxian's son passed by Chun 'an County, furious with the postman and hung the postman upside down. Harry said: "In the past, the inspector general inspected the patrol department and ordered him not to pass too luxuriously. Since this man is dressed so well, he must not be Gong Hu's son. " Open the bag with thousands of two hundred gold, income to the county library, sent a horse to report to Hu Zongxian, Hu Zongxian was not punished.
I wish you a promotion step by step.
I look forward to your adoption. Thank you.