Montessori pointed out that children have an innate working instinct, which constantly urges them to contact with people, things and things around them. Through this kind of contact, his various senses get * * *, and it is this sense that enriches the child's internal needs and external growth.
No matter how many similarities there are between people, there will never be two identical people, because everyone has his own distinct personality. It is found that there are two factors that can affect a person's personality development: one is heredity and the other is environment.
It can be concluded that at birth, each child's personality is already different, some children are lively, some children are quiet, some children are flexible, and some children look mature. These are all caused by genetic factors.
However, compared with the influence of congenital inheritance, the acquired environmental culture is more important.
Montessori pointed out that only when children grow up in an undisturbed environment can they shape their own personality. Because children's job is to cultivate their own unique personality according to instinct. However, in reality, children's work process is always interrupted by adults.
For example, children concentrate on playing with mud and are in high spirits. Adults will frown when they see it, and loudly reprimand children for soiling their hands and clothes. In fact, children are just following the laws of nature, trying to shape their own personality and meet their internal needs.
Montessori said that children's "desire to work" seen by adults actually symbolizes a "life instinct". In an undisturbed environment, children's work instinct will naturally be expressed in their inner impulses. Therefore, when a child is seriously or seriously working in front of him, adults must not think that the child is wasting his time and disturbing him meaningless. The nature of children's work is different from that of adults. Children's work is aimed at self-realization and self-shaping, unlike adults who have external goals.
Of course, Montessori advocates conforming to children's activity instinct and interest needs, which does not mean that adults should let children go with the flow and let them develop. What she means is that adults should use correct and effective means to conform to children's natural orientation, promote their healthy and robust growth, and provide conditions and space for their development.
Four major mines that adults often commit to interfere with children's work-respect children's needs and don't treat children's "groping" as "mischief"
Montessori believes that adults must eliminate the hidden prejudice against children and abandon those ideas that may hinder children's understanding. Adults must look at themselves, find the wrong way to suppress children from themselves, learn lessons and adopt a new attitude towards children.
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Here are some common behaviors that adults interfere with children's work:
(Landmine 1) interferes with the development of children's tactile ability.
When the child reaches out his little hand to touch something for the first time, adults are unnecessarily worried that the child will hurt themselves, so they warn the child again and again: "Don't start work! Do not move! In fact, the child's impulse to do things represents his own efforts to gain insight into the world. Adults should respect children, not stop them.
[Landmine 2] Interfere with children's free exploration
Parents often interfere with children when they gradually start to walk. Because they are worried about children's safety, adults will set some restrictions on children on the basis of various protections, which have become obstacles to children's work. In fact, after a child learns to walk, he can explore his environment freely by himself, and adults should be sincerely happy for the child.
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[Landmine 3] Interfere with children's imitation ability.
A child's imitation ability is very strong, and he will trigger an inner constructive impulse because he sees what others are doing. Children's running, jumping or playing with things, creating chaos and other behaviors are not without purpose. He just wants to imitate what he usually sees and what adults do. For example, children sometimes want to sweep the floor, wash dishes, wipe chopsticks, wash clothes, pour water, or bathe, dress and comb their hair by themselves. In fact, the process of children's imitation is exactly the process of his learning.
[Landmine 4] Interfere with the development of children's exploration ability
Children's ability to explore is very strong. When they see something "magical", they will want to find out. Conflicts often arise between adults and children because of these "exploration events", and adults think that this is simply a "prank" of children. In fact, a child doesn't really have to touch or look at a specific thing, as long as he is given something else that can do similar actions, he will be satisfied.
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Montessori believes that although the work of adults and children is a direct, conscious and autonomous activity to the environment, the nature and purpose of their work are completely different. Comparing the two, we can find that the purpose of children's work lies in the work itself, while the purpose of adults' work is to meet the clothing, food, interest and desire needed by life and maintain their lives.
Moreover, children are not tired from work, while adults often feel tired from work. Many adults can't understand their children's work, so they often interrupt their work. They don't know that this will have a serious impact on their mental health. Therefore, for the healthy development of children, adults must change their established ideas about children's work, provide more support and less interference.