China * * * was founded in 1927, and it was the Chinese nation that was in dire straits. The people of China are struggling in the melee of warlords, and our nation is like a loose sand, which is trampled by imperialism. China * * * was founded under this background, and the first party congress was held on a cruise ship in Nanhu, Jiaxing, Zhejiang. After the founding of China, he led the people of China in an indomitable struggle against imperialism, feudalism and capitalism, United all forces that could be United by the method of United front, and strived for the independence, democracy and prosperity of the Chinese nation. How many outstanding employees and sons and daughters of the Chinese nation died by the enemy's butcher's knife. In the blood of the enemy, our party woke up, and Comrade * * * said the famous saying that "political power comes from the barrel of a gun". Our party held an uprising in Nanchang, Jiangxi, established its own armed forces and resisted the cruel repression of reactionaries. Since then, he has embarked on the road of armed struggle. Comrade * * * correctly analyzed the revolutionary situation in China by using Marxist viewpoints and methods, established revolutionary base areas in Jinggangshan, carried out agrarian revolution and armed struggle, and opened up the correct road of China revolution in which rural areas surrounded cities. But the road ahead is never smooth. Under the command of left opportunism, our party fought hard with the enemy, and finally had to leave the Jinggangshan base area and start the Long March. However, our party finally held an important meeting in Zunyi, which restored Comrade * * *' s leading position. Since then, the China Revolution has embarked on a smooth road to victory.
Under the leadership of China * * * headed by * * *, the China Revolution kept going from victory to victory. Thanks to China's efforts, * * * and China * * * achieved the second cooperation between countries, and * * * drove Japanese imperialism out of China. Later, * * * rejected China's peace initiative, and * * * and China * * * finally broke out in civil war. After three major battles and a series of military struggles, * * * finally reached the island of Taiwan Province Province.
After the founding of New China, the motherland, under the leadership of the party's first-generation leading collective headed by * * *, built a relatively complete industrial system and a strong national defense force through hard struggle in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and tested atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, laying a solid foundation for the independence and prosperity of the Chinese nation.
China, under the leadership of the Party's second-generation collective leadership headed by * * *, determined the major policies of reform and opening up. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the household contract responsibility system was implemented in rural areas, and farmers' enthusiasm for production was greatly mobilized. In cities, with the in-depth development of market economy and the adjustment of industrial structure, some enterprises went bankrupt, some emerging industries flourished, workers realized the transfer of employment and re-employment, and gradually transferred to the tertiary industry. With the wave of market economy, the national economy has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results.
* * * as the core of the third generation of China * * * collective leadership, it has determined that China should establish a market economy model and defined the general direction of reform and development. During his tenure, he completed the historical mission of recovering Hong Kong and Macao. Put forward * * * the important thought about party building, and wrote it into * * *.
As the core of the fourth generation of the party's collective leadership, Hu put forward the ruling thoughts of governing and rejuvenating the country and putting people first, and put forward Scientific Outlook on Development's guiding ideology in view of various problems existing in China's economic and social development. Scientific Outlook on Development is a people-oriented development view, a comprehensive development view, a coordinated development view and a sustainable development view, which is the fundamental guiding ideology that China must adhere to for a long time in promoting economic, political, cultural and social construction. Under the leadership of the Party headed by Hu, China has made a series of great achievements on the socialist road. Especially in 2008, China defeated the Sichuan "5. 12" earthquake and successfully completed the task of hosting the Olympic Games, which shocked the world and made the people of the whole country proud. The Chinese nation has finally ushered in a new era of great rejuvenation.
China * * * is the vanguard of the working class in China ...
Question 2: How to understand and recognize the belief in capitalism? * * * The fundamental purpose of capitalism is to destroy classes, * * * is wealth, and capitalism is the difference between equal opportunities and free competition. Capitalism ignores the gap between the rich and the poor and can't solve the unfair distribution. Under the condition of absolute equality of opportunities, some people beg and some people get rich. The actual development proves that this is not the highest goal pursued by human beings, so the social welfare system will appear to ensure social equity as much as possible, not just social equity. * * * materialism pursues a higher level of * * * and prosperity, as well as (institutional) poverty eradication.
In fact, capitalism and capitalism are not contradictory, just different stages of development and different development ideas. They can combine with each other, and their ideological opposition is more caused by the cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Therefore, the belief in capitalism is the yearning for poverty eradication and prosperity. It's just that the method needs to be constantly adjusted according to the actual situation. How to realize * * * productism, how to be regarded as * * * productism, and whether it must go through the capitalist stage on the way to realize * * * productism are all problems to be discussed and verified.
Question 3: Talk about your understanding of socialism (1) Liberating and developing productive forces is the fundamental requirement of socialism. First, liberating and developing productive forces is a conscious requirement of the socialist system and an important embodiment of socialist superiority;
Second, the purpose of socialist development of productive forces is to achieve prosperity, which is related to the goal of "eliminating exploitation, eliminating polarization and finally achieving prosperity"; Thirdly, taking the liberation and development of productive forces as the essential content of socialism reveals the historical task of liberating productive forces under socialist conditions.
(2) Eliminating exploitation and polarization is the fundamental direction of socialism. First, adhere to the dominant position of public ownership and distribution according to work, take the road of prosperity and not engage in polarization; Second, take the elimination of exploitation as a process and long-term task of building socialism, step by step; Thirdly, Deng Xiaoping also put forward some ideas on ways and means to eliminate exploitation and polarization in the future.
(3) The ultimate goal of socialism is to achieve prosperity. First, * * * being rich is the value goal and principle requirement of socialism; Second, * * * being rich is an important aspect that embodies the superiority of socialism; Third, in the long run, only the prosperity of * * * can create conditions for the all-round development of human beings and capitalism; Fourth, prosperity is a historical process based on the development of productive forces, which is different from egalitarianism.
Question 4: Talk about your understanding of the Communist Youth League in China. China Communist Youth League is a familiar name, and the advanced youth organization is its annotation. It means a position, a career, sacred and mysterious. From/KLOC-0 to May 5, 922, China Youth League has gone through more than 80 years of hard work and explored the historical footprint. We can still hear the patriotic youth blowing the horn of marching under her leadership, and still clearly remember her touching story of condensing youth with sweat in the modernization drive. Now, we really feel its vitality and vigor from the activity of "enhancing the theme education of League members' consciousness".
The Communist Youth League of China further combined with Marxism-Leninism and the workers' movement of China in the May 4th Movement 19 19, and made preparations for the establishment of China * * ideologically and organizationally. 1920 In August, the China * * * Sponsor Group organized the Socialist Youth League in Shanghai for the first time in order to educate young people, better carry out social transformation and publicize socialism. In June+10 of the same year, Comrade * * * started to organize the socialist youth league while preparing for the founding of the Party in Hunan. 192 1 July, at the first party congress, we studied the establishment and development of socialist youth leagues in various places. After the meeting, party member was sent to do the work of the group and strengthen the leadership of the group. With the growth of the Communist Youth League, the first national congress of the China Socialist Youth League was held in May. 1922. The program of the League adopted by the General Assembly confirmed that the China Socialist Youth League is a young proletarian organization in China, and it is an organization struggling for the complete liberation of the proletariat. China Socialist Youth League is the predecessor of China Socialist Youth League.
But the real understanding of the Communist Youth League began in high school. Not only because I am a member of the group, but also because the colorful activities carried out in the group are so close to our lives and become indispensable friends around us. At this time, I began to seriously study and think about the contents of the League constitution, and began to consciously pay attention to and participate in the activities of the League. * * * The Youth League accepts the leadership of China politically and organizationally. China * * * is the leader of the Youth League and a part of the revolutionary forces led by the Party. At the same time, China is the vanguard of the working class in China, the people of China and the Chinese nation, the leading core of the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and represents the development requirements of advanced productive forces in China, the direction of advanced culture in China and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people in China. * * * The Communist Youth League is a mass organization used by the Party to unite and educate the younger generation, and it is a solid bridge and link between the Party and the youth.
As * * * League members in the new period, we should strive to cultivate our own political awareness, organizational awareness and model awareness, embody the vanguard and exemplary role of League members in all the work of building a harmonious socialist society, and create a new situation for the cause of the Communist Youth League. I remember Yu said that after a warm spring and a cold autumn, we should always keep a calm breath, slow down our heartbeat and return to the essence of our mood. When I first joined the Youth League, I always felt uneasy. I calmed down, examined my life journey, and chose the Youth League, that is, I chose my own beliefs and aspirations. There is a kind of life, you don't know the hardships without experience, there is a kind of bitterness, and you can't feel the happiness without experience.
Question 5: How to understand the necessity and reality of * * * belief in materialism * * * The fundamental purpose of capitalism is to eliminate class, * * and prosperity, which is different from the development goal of equality of opportunity and free competition of capitalism. Capitalism ignores the gap between the rich and the poor and cannot solve the unfair distribution. In the case of absolute equality of opportunity, some people beg and some people get rich. Actual development has proved that this is not the highest goal pursued by mankind. This is why the social welfare system has emerged, ensuring social fairness as much as possible, not just equal opportunities. * * * Materialism pursues a higher level of prosperity and poverty eradication.
In fact, capitalism and capitalism are not contradictory, but they have different stages of development and different development ideas, which can be combined with each other, and their ideological opposition is more caused by the cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Therefore, the belief in productism is the yearning for poverty eradication and prosperity. However, the methods need to be constantly adjusted according to the actual situation. How to realize * * * productism, how to be regarded as * * * productism, and whether it is necessary to go through the capitalist stage on the road to realize * * * productism, all need to be discussed and verified.
Hope to adopt
Question 6: Understanding of successors in the new era * * * Do you know what I praised most when I was a child?
I said I was: * * * the successor of the proletariat.
Question 7: Why did Marx say that materialism is not an "ideal"? Author brief introduction Wang, male, doctor of philosophy, professor and doctoral supervisor of School of Philosophy and Institute of Marxist Philosophy of Wuhan University; Cheng Tong, male, graduate student of Marxist philosophy, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Hubei 430072.
Marx's statement in German Ideological Manuscripts that * * * productism is not an "ideal" is not aimed at Engels' "pastoral * * * productism", but the German thinkers' idealization of * * * productism, which makes the realistic * * * productism movement once again become an abstract category and philosophical discourse in the ideological field. Marx believes that the key to the problem lies in "jumping out of ideology" and returning to reality from philosophy. Therefore, his understanding of * * * materialism is not an ideal and transcendental sacred object on the other side, but the most practical generation movement of realistic and historical individuals pursuing practical goals by practical means.
Date: 2013-10-21
Keywords * * * Productivism/Idealism/Realism/Generationism
First of all, the questions raised
In the right column of page 18 of the manuscript of German Ideology (hereinafter referred to as "form"), Marx wrote a long supplement next to Engels' manuscript. One sentence is particularly striking: "* * * materialism is not a situation that should be established for us, nor is it an ideal that reality should adapt to." What we call * * * productism is the kind of movement that destroys the reality of the existing situation. The condition of this movement is produced by the existing premise. "It is generally believed that this is Marx's response to" pastoral * * * productism "written by Engels on the previous page. In other words, Marx disagreed with Engels, so "this passage seems to be written for Engels rather than part of the manuscript".
Hiromatsu Wataru regards this passage as an argument that Marx's thought lags behind Engels'. The reason is that this passage "overturns Engels' attempt to discuss the * * * capitalist society everywhere in the manuscript-Engels discussed the * * * capitalist society not as an ideal and movement, but as a country that should be established". I think this explanation is at least logically problematic. According to Hiromatsu Wataru's understanding, Engels' view is that materialism is not an ideal, not a movement, but a state of being. However, Marx's view is that materialism is not an inevitable state, not an ideal, but a realistic movement. That is to say, the so-called "* * * productism" can be understood as "idealism", "state of being" and "realistic movement" (the former is the view of German thinkers and "prisoners of German thinkers", that is, "real socialism", and the latter is Marx's view), but it can't be just the view of Engels written by Hiromatsu Wataru, that is, *. Because from Marx's exposition, the expression of "not ideal but should be state" is self-contradictory.
The difference between a full moon and a clear division is at least logically meaningful. In his view, compared with Marx's understanding of * * * productism as a "movement", Engels' view is that * * * productism is not a "movement", but an ideal "society", and "this is a kind of" regional * * * productism "that escapes from big industry and returns to pastoral style". However, it is doubtful to what extent this understanding conforms to Engels' thought. Engels himself made it clear that "Engels thinks that capitalism is not a movement" (Hiromatsu Wataru holds the same opinion)-"Mr. Heinzen is all wet. * * * Capitalism is not a theory, but a movement "(6); The so-called "Engels' understanding of productism is to escape from big industry and return to pastoral poetry" is also unfounded. On the contrary, Engels clearly pointed out that this fantasy of rejecting modern civilization and returning to the "beautiful rural society" before capitalism is "naturally impossible, even ridiculous, and makes a mockery of the whole historical development". Wang Yueqing further believes that for Engels' "idyllic capitalist society", "the author with ugly handwriting must not sit idly by, he must completely drink this paragraph in the manuscript stage".
To sum up, in addition to specific issues, Hiromatsu Wataru and Wang Yueqing reached a * * * understanding in the following two points: First, Marx's statement that * * * productism is not ideal is aimed at Engels' "pastoral * * * productism"; Secondly, the opposition between Marx and Engels lies in that the former regards "* * * productism" as "movement" and the latter regards it as "state as it should be" (>>
Question 8: How to understand the inevitability of the realization of materialistic ideals * * * As a new thing, there must be something that the old things can't tolerate; New things are physical objects that conform to objective laws, have strong vitality and great prospects. They are produced on the basis of dialectical negation of old things, so they have incomparable advantages, so they will inevitably replace old things.
The development of new things always goes through a process from big to small, from imperfect to relatively perfect. New things inevitably have weaknesses and imperfections, and people's understanding of new things also has a process. Old things tend to be stronger at the beginning, always stubbornly resisting and trying to kill new things. It is impossible for new things to overcome old things overnight, and it is bound to go through a long and tortuous process, so the realization of the socialist ideal is inevitable and long-term.
This is my own understanding, and I don't know if it is right. The landlord will make do with it, and his thoughts are not good at night. . . I have to prepare for the college entrance examination recently, and the answer may not be ideal. Please tell me if you have a better answer. thank you