The handwritten newspaper of astronomical science knowledge is a valuable exercise opportunity for children. You can get a sense of accomplishment from the production of handwritten newspapers, and it is also very meaningful to complete them under the guidance of parents. Aren't you excited to see the handwritten newspaper of astronomical popular science knowledge?

Notes on Astronomical Science Manuscripts 1 1, Stars

Stars are the most basic celestial bodies in the universe, which can emit light by themselves. They are composed of hot gas, and the main components are hydrogen and helium.

2, the sun

The sun is a spherical celestial body composed of hot gas, and its main components are hydrogen and helium. The volume of the sun is about 6.5438+0.3 million times that of the earth. The atmospheric structure of the sun is the external structure of the sun, which is divided into photosphere, chromosphere and corona layer from inside to outside. The period of solar activity is 1 1 year, and the main signs are sunspots and flares. The influence of solar activity on the earth: (1) disturbing the ionosphere of the earth's atmosphere; (2) the phenomenon of "magnetic storm" occurred; (3) produce aurora.

3. Planets

Planets are nearly spherical celestial bodies that orbit the sun in elliptical orbits. They don't shine, and their mass is much smaller than that of the sun. The eight known planets in the solar system are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Step 4 be eclipsed

When the sun, the moon and the earth move in a straight line, the shadow of the moon passes over the earth, which will cause a solar eclipse. According to the degree that the sun is blocked by the moon, it can be divided into partial eclipse, total eclipse and annular eclipse.

Step 5 be eclipsed

When the sun, the earth and the moon move in a straight line and the moon moves into the shadow of the earth, an eclipse will be formed. According to the direct sunlight from the earth to the moon, it can be divided into partial solar eclipse and total solar eclipse.

6. What is the universe?

A: The universe is the floorboard of everything in the world. It has no boundary, no end, no beginning and no end.

7. How big is the Milky Way?

A: Many stars combine to form a huge galaxy. The galaxy where the solar system is located is called the Milky Way. The Milky Way is like a big discus, with a width of about 80,000 light years, a center thickness of about 1 0.2 million light years, and a total number of stars exceeding10,000.

8. Why can't you see the stars during the day?

A: Because part of the sunlight is scattered by gas and dust in the atmosphere during the day, the sky is very bright and the light radiated by the sun is so strong that we can't see the stars.

9. What celestial bodies are there in the solar system?

A: There are nine planets in the solar system. They are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. In addition, there are many asteroids, comets and meteors in the solar system, and there are 2958 officially numbered asteroids. The most famous comet is Halley's comet.

10, why are the colors of the stars different?

A: The color of a star depends on its temperature. Different colors represent different surface temperatures: the surface temperature of blue stars is high and that of red stars is low.

1 1. What is the brightest star?

A: The brightest star in the sky is Sirius Canis with a magnitude of 1.46. 8.7 light years from the earth.

12. How to find Polaris?

A: It's easy to find Polaris in the sky: first find Ursa major, and then find the Big Dipper. A straight line leads from the two Polaris at the edge of the spoon head, extends past and passes through the Polaris. The distance from Polaris to the spoon head is exactly five times the distance between two Polaris. You can also find Polaris through Cassiopeia.

How high is the blue sky?

A: The "blue sky" is actually the earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere is the air around the earth, which is divided into five layers according to the air density, with a total thickness of 2000-3000 kilometers. But most of the air is concentrated below 15 km from the ground, and the higher the air, the thinner it is. How thick the atmosphere is, how high the blue sky should be.

14 Why is the sky blue?

A: When sunlight hits the earth's atmosphere, blue light is most easily separated from other colors, diffused into the air, and then reflected. The light of other colors has strong penetrating power, and shines on the earth through the atmosphere, so we can only see the blue light in the sun when we look at the sky.

15 Why is the sky red at sunset?

A: Because sunlight travels a long distance in the atmosphere at sunset. Except for red light, all other colors of light can't travel that far, and they all disappear before they reach our eyes. Only red light runs farthest and can reach our eyes, so we see that the color of the sky turns red at sunset.

16. Will the moon shine?

The moon is not a star. It can't shine, but it can reflect sunlight. Although only 7% of the light it reflects can reach the earth, it is enough to light up the night on our earth.

How many stars can we see?

A: We can see 7,000 stars from the earth with the naked eye, but because the earth is round, no matter where we stand on the earth, we can only see half of the sky, and the stars near the horizon are not clear, so our naked eye can only see about 3,000 stars.

18, how high is the temperature of the sun?

A: The central temperature of the sun is as high as192,000,000℃ and the surface temperature is 6000℃. But because the sun is far away from us, with1.500 million kilometers, we don't feel so hot.

19. Why does the earth turn?

A: Because the earth has gravity, it is precisely because of this gravity that the earth turns. The rotation speed of the earth is per hour 1700 km, that is, 470 meters per second; The revolution speed is about 29.8 kilometers per second.

20. Why is the sun white at noon?

Answer: Because at noon, the sun can shine directly on the ground, unlike things on the ground (such as mountains, trees, buildings and turbid air) in the morning and evening, it is still the original white light, which makes people afraid to open their eyes.

2 1. Why is it so difficult to walk on the moon?

A: Because the gravity on the moon is very small, it is easy to slip when walking, and only 20 steps can be taken in one minute. If you walk in a hurry, it's easy to fly. Once it flies, it is unstable for a long time. Therefore, it is very difficult to walk on the moon.

22. Why doesn't the earth shine?

A: Because the temperature of the earth is relatively low, the hottest place (the core) is two or three thousand degrees, unlike the temperature of the sun, which will cause thermonuclear reaction, so the earth will not shine.

23. Why can't people feel that the earth is turning?

A: Because the earth is very big and rotates smoothly, we are also following it. We take ourselves as a reference, so we can't feel the earth spinning.

24. What is thunder?

A: This is a natural phenomenon that negative electricity meets positive electricity. When it rains, some clouds in the sky are positively charged and some are negatively charged. When two clouds meet, they will discharge, emit bright and bright lightning, and release a lot of heat at the same time, so that the surrounding air is heated, expanded and makes a loud noise. This is thunder.

25. What is a meteor shower?

A: There are many small celestial bodies in the universe flying at their own orbits and speeds. Some blew themselves up and some collided with other celestial bodies. But they kept flying. When their orbits meet the earth's orbit, they fall to the ground like raindrops. This phenomenon is called meteor shower.

26. Why did the cloud go?

A: Clouds are water vapor floating in the air. Air is also constantly flowing in the air. The flow of air is the wind, which blows away the clouds. The faster the air moves, the faster the cloud moves.

Astronomical science handwritten report 2 1, humans can rise to the height of 19000 meters until they reach the limit. Once beyond this range, humans must put on down jackets, because our bodies can't bear the low pressure of the atmosphere.

If humans continue to fly up in spacecraft, at some point they will feel that it is actually a mess. At present, there are 38,000 celestial bodies around the earth, forming the so-called "space junk".

2. Observing the earth from the universe, the earth belongs to one of the brighter planets, because a very large part of sunlight is refracted through the sea water on the surface of the earth.

Although the universe is vast, most of it is still unknown to human beings.

There are still many things to be discovered, including on our planet. There are nearly 95% marine areas that need to be studied.

Also, 90% of the volcanoes on the earth are underwater, and each liter of seawater contains13 billionth of gold.

Only 3% of all water on the earth's surface is fresh water, which can be drunk by human beings.

The remaining 97% is salt water, and two-thirds of this small amount of fresh water exists in polar glaciers in the form of freezing.

5. There are always many ships disappearing near Bermuda Triangle, and sometimes even planes. Columbus once recorded the phenomenon of wandering compass and the great danger lurking here.

However, the fact is that there are no more accidents here than in other parts of the Atlantic Ocean, and the Bermuda Triangle is probably not as special and dangerous as it looks.

6. It takes 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds for the earth to rotate once. Because this data is very strange for a day, we set it as 24 hours. Every year, it will rise all day 102 milliseconds. In 200 million years, a day will be 25 hours instead of 24 hours.

7. There may be almost 8.7 million different species living on our planet, of which 6.5 million live on land and the other 2.2 million live in the ocean.

This research institute was published on 20 12 by some scientists from an international project, who came from 82 countries.

Some of these species have not been discovered, that is to say, there are still some unknown species living on our planet.

In the same way, there may be advanced species similar to ours in the vast universe, or it may be on the earth, in the depths of that unknown ocean.

8. There is a theory that the Sphinx was originally an Anubis sculpture, and this statue was later changed into the Sphinx we are familiar with today.

However, there is no conclusive evidence for this statement. There are indications that this theory is reasonable. The fact is that the body of the Sphinx is actually more suitable for building a bigger head, but who knows such a thing?

What is a planet? How many planets are there in the solar system?

How to define the concept of planet has always been a controversial issue in astronomy. The General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union adopted a new definition of "planet" on August 24th, 2006, including the following three points:

1, it must be a celestial body orbiting a star;

2. The mass must be large enough, and its own gravity must be balanced with the rotational speed to make it spherical;

3. Without being influenced by other objects around the track, other objects near the track can be removed.

Generally speaking, a planet must be more than 800 kilometers in diameter and more than 5 billion tons in mass.

According to this definition, there are currently eight planets in the solar system, namely: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

What is the arrangement order of planets the size of the solar system and its ratio to the earth?

1, Jupiter 13 16

2. Saturn 745

3. Uranus 65, 2

4. Neptune 57, 1

5. Earth 1

6.Venus 0.856

7. Mars 0, 150

8. Mercury 0. 056

What are the arrangement, size and volume of the eight planets?

The nine planets in the solar system are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune in order of distance from the sun.

The order of mass is Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus, Earth, Venus, Mars and Mercury.

The volume from large to small is: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Earth, Venus, Mars and Mercury.

What is a star? How many stars can you see with human eyes at night?

A spherical or quasi-spherical object composed of hot gas, which can emit light by itself. Stars are gas planets. The chemical composition of a normal stellar atmosphere is similar to that of the sun. By mass, hydrogen is the most, followed by helium, and the rest are oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, neon, silicon, magnesium, iron and sulfur. The nearest star to the earth is the sun. Secondly, in proxima centauri Centauri, it takes 4 or 22 years for its light to reach the earth. On a clear moonless night, in areas without light pollution, most people can see more than 6,000 stars with the naked eye. With the help of a telescope, you can see hundreds of thousands or even millions.

How to measure the mass and density of stars?

Only a special binary star system can measure the mass, and the mass of a general star can only be estimated by methods such as mass-luminosity relationship. The measured mass of stars ranges from a few percent to 120 times the mass of the sun, but the mass of most stars ranges from 0, 1 to 10 solar mass. The density of a star can be calculated according to its diameter and mass. The density is about 10g/cm (red giant star) to 10 ~ 10g/cm (neutron star).

What is a light year? How many light years is the diameter of the Milky Way?

The unit of length refers to the distance that light travels in a vacuum, 1 light year = 94,600 kilometers. It takes about eight minutes for light to reach the earth from the sun. It is known that the nearest star in the solar system is proxima centauri Centauri, which is 4 or 22 light years away. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is about 70,000 light-years in diameter. Suppose a spacecraft approaching the speed of light travels from one end of the Milky Way to the other, and it will take more than 10 million years.

What is light?

That's ironic Light is all around us, and we can see things because of it. But it is not easy to say exactly what it is. Light can be regarded as particles, sometimes with the nature of waves, and it propagates in time and space. This is because light has duality. If you want to describe it as waves, imagine rows of waves in the sea. Of course, light waves are not made of water, but electric energy and magnetic energy travel together in space. We call it electromagnetic wave or electromagnetic radiation. The speed of light waves in a vacuum is 300,000 kilometers per second. The distance from one peak to the next is called the wavelength, and the peak passing through a fixed point in one second is called the frequency of the wave.