"Knowing enough is not insulting, knowing that it is not dangerous", "The disaster is greater than not being satisfied, and the blame is greater than getting what you want" –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– The development of modern science and technology comes from people's insatiable spirit of exploration and creation. If it is like a small-scale peasant society, it is safe to be content with "three points of land, one cow and his wife and children are hot". If you are rich and arrogant, you will blame yourself. When you retire after your success, it is the way of heaven. ""A good man hides deep in Ruo Xu, and a gentleman is a fool when he is virtuous. ""In a society ruled by men, human rights and personal property rights are not protected, and disasters come unexpectedly. Therefore, the wise men advise the world to hide its light and bide its time, and retire after its success. "

" The husband is only indisputable, so. It shows the cunning strategy of the Chinese people. 2. The dialectical poem

"Knowing enough is not humiliating, knowing that it is not dangerous", "The greatest disaster is not being satisfied, and the greatest blame is getting what you want"-The development of modern science and technology comes from people's insatiable spirit of exploration and creation. If it is like a small peasant society, it will be satisfied with "three points of land, one cow, one cow". If you are rich and arrogant, you will blame yourself. When you retire after your success, it is the way of heaven. ""A good man hides deep in Ruo Xu, and a gentleman is a fool when he is virtuous. ""In a society ruled by men, human rights and personal property rights are not protected, and disasters come unexpectedly. Therefore, the wise men advise the world to hide its light and bide its time, and retire after its success. "

" The husband is only indisputable, so. It shows the cunning strategy of the Chinese people. 3. Dialectical materialism poem

Painting bamboo in Weixian Department (Zheng Xie in Qing Dynasty)

The original poem Ya Zhai lies listening to Xiao Xiaozhu, which is suspected to be the voice of the people's sufferings. Some small collectors in Caozhou County always care about their feelings.

Philosophical materialism holds that consciousness is the reflection of objective things in the human brain. But when people think about the same objective thing, they often form different understandings and conclusions. From the subjective factors of people, it is mainly caused by people's different positions, different world views and different knowledge composition. The scene of praying for rain described in the poem clearly tells us that in class society, because people belong to different classes and have different class positions, their views (reflections) on many issues are quite different. If we want to understand things correctly, we must first look at the problem from the standpoint of the fundamental interests of the people.

"All the birds fly high, and the lonely clouds go to leisure alone." Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, 4. Examples of looking at problems from a comprehensive and dialectical perspective

Using scientific and dialectical viewpoints and thinking methods to comprehensively observe things and analyze problems, we should pay attention to the following aspects.

first, we should analyze the problem from a developmental perspective. Real life and objective things are complicated and constantly changing and developing. If we look at the problem from a static, isolated and absolute point of view, it will often lag behind and be extreme.

In Mo Bosang's novel The Necklace, the traditional character thought of Mathilde, the hero of teaching material analysis, tends to focus on analyzing her vanity, thus rising to criticism of the social system. After the reform and opening up, with the opening of culture and the diversification of perspectives, the evaluation of Mathilde has become understanding and tolerant-affirmation of her integrity, praise of her responsibility and courage and understanding of human nature have made her image lovely. This change just shows that our social concept is more rational and dialectical, and attaches more importance to people's own ideals, wishes and demands.

In the text "After Tang Poetry, Song Poetry", Professor Ge Zhaoguang explained that the changes in audience's tastes brought about by the changes of the times made popular songs popular in the 199s, while elegant poems were high and low at the same time. The author thinks that the deep reason lies in the deep homesickness, lamentation of life, social concern and old feelings that pop songs have incorporated. And poetry groans, pretends to be deep, mystifies, and kills itself. He predicted that pop songs would replace elegant poems and become the mainstream of mass art in the new era with the historical process of "after Tang poetry comes Song ci". However, we found that Professor Ge's prediction did not come true, not because of the confrontation between these two art forms, but because culture and art forms are diversified at the turn of the century, and it is difficult for any art form to become the hegemon. Nowadays, the field of art is an era in which various forms coexist and flourish, surpassing the "two-dimensional" field in Professor Ge's article that year.

Second, we should pay attention to the relationship between things, and be good at investigating the objects of the article by comparing them with related things. Everything does not exist in isolation. When analyzing problems, we should see the relationship between various components in things to avoid bias.

Emperor Yangdi was a tyrant in history. He dug the Grand Canal, which brought heavy burdens and great disasters to the people. However, Pi Rixiu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, calmly commented in "Looking Back on the Past by the Bianhe River": "It's a thousand miles since I died in the Sui Dynasty. If there is no water temple dragon boat, * * * Yu will not teach much. " Objectively speaking, Emperor Yangdi's digging of the Grand Canal was a great project, which promoted the economic development of the North and the South. Later generations enjoyed it, and we can still contact Qin Shihuang to build the Great Wall of Wan Li. This nostalgic poem shows us that the real reason for Qin and Sui's national subjugation lies not in the opening of the Grand Canal and the construction of the Great Wall of Wan Li itself, but in the source of the monarch's "Dragon Boat in the Water Temple"-the "lonely husband" who trampled on people's livelihood.

The most beautiful tomb in the world does not write Tolstoy's tomb in isolation, but compares it with those luxurious tombs-"Napoleon's tomb under the marble dome of the disabled cathedral, Goethe's tomb in the tomb of the Duke of Weimar, and Shakespeare's sarcophagus in Westminster Abbey". Is it fair and objective to deny other great men by comparing the simplicity of Tolstoy's tomb? Dialectically speaking, Napoleon, Goethe and Shakespeare are all great figures, and they were entitled to enjoy the splendor after death, so the contrast is not to belittle them, but to highlight more that only Tolstoy's tomb can "shock everyone's deep feelings".

Third, we should look at all aspects of the problem, consider various possible factors, grasp the most important contradiction and the most critical reason, and eliminate minor details or appearances.

In Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, "Return to Zhao in one piece" and "Mianchi Club" show Lin Xiangru's extraordinary courage and eloquence. He defeated the King of Qin with the courage of a diplomat and won the national prestige and honor for Zhao. But the truth told by historians makes us sober and calm: Can Lin Xiangru's golden tongue really play such a huge role? Will the king of Qin really lose to him? It turned out that at that time, the center of Qin's external expansion was changed from advancing eastward to attacking Chu southward, so the king of Qin was not entangled with Lin Xiangru and even Zhao because of the trivial matter of Choi, and he was repaired with Zhao at the Mianchi meeting, in order to prevent Zhao from hampering his plan to attack Chu-in fact, it was the king of Qin who really grasped the big and put the small, and did not affect the unified plan in a moment of anger! In Biography of Qu Yuan, we have clearly seen the fate of Chu State next door. Lin Xiangru's "contribution" is just a slap in the face of the unification trend of Qin.

In Lost Street Pavilion, people often sigh Ma Su's carelessness and are moved by Kong Ming's tears. But when you think about it carefully, Liu Bei, the shortcoming of Ma Su, has already reminded Kongming that the street pavilion is a strategic place. Why not use Zhao Zilong, but insist on sending Ma Su, who is headstrong? If the street kiosks were not lost, the Northern Expedition would be completely different, and Zhuge Liang would not be "but before he could conquer, he was dead, and heroes have wept on their coats ever since".

In addition, we should also see the possibility of mutual transformation of contradictory things under certain conditions. Chen Zhili, the former Minister of Education, once said when talking about the life course of educated youth: "Suffering and frustration are precious wealth". Suffering, frustration and wealth are both opposite and interdependent in the fate of many people, just as Mencius said: "Heaven will demote people to Sri Lanka, and they must first suffer from their aspirations, work hard on their bones and muscles, starve their bodies, empty their bodies, and confuse their actions. Therefore, being patient has benefited them."

In the pursuit of comprehensive and dialectical analysis of problems, we should also pay attention to our principled position, and avoid repeating, hesitating, and advancing and retreating in reasoning for dialectical reasons, so as to make our views confused. 5. The college entrance examination is coming soon. Recently, the homework tends to dialectical thinking, that is, from different aspects, a

dialectics is about the science of universal relations. —— German philosopher Engels' contempt for dialectics cannot go unpunished. —— German philosopher Engels' famous saying dialectics is a science about the external world and the movement of human thinking. ——— German philosopher Engels' dialectics does not worship anything. According to its essence, it is critical and revolutionary. —— German philosopher Marx thinks that only what is being produced and developing is invincible. —— Stalin lived in the world. If you want something, there is nothing. This is called dialectics. So if you really want something, don't think about it. —— China contemporary writer Wang Xiaobo's dialectics of My Yin and Yang Boundaries.