abstract
1887, Sherlock Holmes made his debut.
Conan Doyle wrote four novels and 56 short stories about Sherlock Holmes. The first two articles were published in Beaton's Christmas Annual at the price of 1887 and four signatures published in lippincott's monthly at the price of 1890. 189 1 serialized a series of short stories in Strand magazine, which made Sherlock Holmes' popularity explode. But it was not until 1927 that Mr. Conan Doyle wrote a sequel. The time of the story is about 1875~ 1907. And his last case happened in 19 14. Most stories are told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, a friend and biographer of Sherlock Holmes. Only two of them were narrated by Holmes himself, and two were written in the third person.
Conan Doyle said that he was inspired by Dr. joseph bell, his mentor when he was a trainee in Edinburgh Royal Hospital. This man, like Sherlock Holmes, always likes to draw surprising conclusions from seemingly irrelevant subtle observations.
Sherlock Holmes' assistant
Sherlock Holmes (right) and Dr. Watson, Sydney paget painted.
In many stories, Holmes has an assistant, Dr. John Watson. Watson shared a house with Holmes at 22 1B, Baker Street, London (22 1B), and Holmes lived there alone after Watson got married. Watson is not only Sherlock Holmes' assistant, but also the recorder of Sherlock Holmes' solving process. Almost all Sherlock Holmes stories are told by Watson, but Holmes often criticizes Watson for describing the process of solving crimes in a novel way, rather than presenting the facts objectively and scientifically.
In three stories, Holmes hired a group of street children to help collect information. They are called "Baker Street Team".
By the end of Sherlock Holmes, he hired Billy as his assistant.
Holmes' family
Holmes also has a brother named mycroft holmes, who appeared in three films: Adventures of the Greek Translator, Adventures of the Final Question and Adventures of the Bruce Partington Project.
At first, Shylock didn't trust Dr. Watson completely, but only said perfunctory that Mycroft was a small civil servant. Afterwards, he showed that Mycroft was an important think tank of the British government, and even called "he is the British government", which clearly showed that Mycroft attached great importance to it. Holmes' family background novels are not mentioned in detail, but it is revealed that he is the descendant of a squire and his grandmother is the sister of the French painter Horace Verne.
Sherlock Holmes' sworn enemy.
In Conan Doyle's works, Sherlock Holmes' sworn enemy is Professor moriarty ("Napoleon in the world of crime"), and he finally fights with Sherlock Holmes in Lessingbach Falls when rolling in the deep.
189 1 year 1 1 month, Doyle wrote in his letter to his mother: "I am thinking of killing Sherlock Holmes ... killing him and then disposing of it. He takes up too much of my time. "
1893 65438+ In February, Doyle ended the story of Sherlock Holmes by letting Sherlock Holmes and moriarty teach rolling in the deep in the adventure of The Last Question. But after the story was published, the readers were dissatisfied and asked the author to bring Sherlock Holmes back to life.
So Doyle published "Empty House" on 1903. The story shows that only Professor moriarty fell into the abyss, but Holmes was able to escape, but he hid and let others think that he was dead, so that he could more easily hunt down Professor moriarty's cronies. It is worth noting that Professor moriarty almost never appears directly in stories, and most stories about Professor moriarty are relayed by Holmes.
Sherlock Holmes (and Sherlock Holmes fans) always call Irene Adler "that woman". She only appeared in The Scandal of Bohemia, but she was the only woman who defeated Sherlock Holmes. She is the only woman that Holmes worships.
Maurice Lubron, a French writer, once wrote in Arthur Lubon and Helok Schulmes (Strange Thief and Famous Detective translated by Taiwan Province Oriental Publishing House and Xiao Zhi Hall) that Arthur Lubon confronted a detective named Helok Schulmes ... and serialized Arsène Lupin, Gentleman -Cambrioleur in a magazine (translated by Xiao Zhi Hall, Taiwan Province: Gentleman). Maurice Lubron did write the object of confrontation with Lubang as Sherlock Holmes, but it was later protested by Conan Doyle, so he changed his name to Sherlock Holmes when his monograph was published. Watson was also changed to Wilson, and Baker Street 22 1B was changed to Park Street 2 19. Therefore, according to the final version of the story of Yasen Lubang, Holmes did not really face Yasen Lubang.
Sherlock Holmes' image as a gentleman [Editor]
Of course, Holmes is not a standard Victorian gentleman in England. From 65438 to 0888, Holmes got into the habit of taking cocaine because he wanted to stimulate his mind (the use of these drugs was legal at that time). 1894 was quit with Watson's help, which Watson thought was Holmes' only shortcoming.
Perhaps Watson thinks that it is not Sherlock Holmes' fault to occasionally violate the law to seek the truth and smoke a pipe (the image of Sherlock Holmes smoking a pipe is also deeply rooted). In Victorian England, as long as gentlemen were just, there was nothing wrong with these actions.
Sherlock Holmes series novels
Adventures of sherlock holmes is a series of detective novels by British writer Conan Doyle with Sherlock Holmes as the protagonist.
The case of Sherlock Holmes
Published 56 short stories and 4 novellas.
Detected 27 cases of murder or homicide, of which two were unintentional killings, one was caused by an animal attack, and the other was proved to have died in an accident.
If john douglas (also known as Bertie Edwards) was held responsible, it would be three. In the last case, he himself became the target of assassination, and finally he escaped.
Four murderers or attempted murderers escaped or died naturally, and two were killed by weapons or criminal objects they carried. There are four crimes that Holmes did not hand over to the judicial organs; There are 1 murders that he and Watson witnessed but didn't report.
There are 10 cases of tracing or explaining mysterious disappearance. Just like the "Spotted Tape Case", in both cases, the criminal's motive is to possess the legal property of his daughter or adopted daughter.
Sherlock Holmes began to solve seven cases of treasure theft or premeditated robbery, and five cases of extortion involving various criminal means.
Four cases of trying to obtain important state secrets ended in failure.
There are two cases in which Holmes intervened and prevented unhappy marriages: one was to prevent forced marriages, and the other was to prevent rogue marriages that killed people for money.
Detect the case of illegally peeking at college papers 1.
Successfully cracked the case of illegally importing fake equipment and counterfeit money 1.
The humanoid behavior of university teachers is successfully explained from 1.
There are 32 cases in which Holmes cooperated with the police. In the cooperation with Scotland Yard, I cooperated with Lestrade 1 1 times and Grayson's 4 times (including 3 times with Grayson's colleagues: Lestrade 1 times, Benaiser in Surrey 1 times, and private detective Liverton/kloc-times. I have worked with Jones twice (if Arthur Neal Jones and pete jones are the same person), and with Forbes, Lanner, Morton, McDonald, McKenna, and the Unknown Prosecutor (Three Walls) 1 time.
Other police officers who have worked with us are Gregory in Devon, forest in Surrey, Martin in Norich, White Mei Sen in Sussex (he worked with McDonald), Coventry in Hampshire and Anderson in Sussex.
Mycroft Holmes assisted in three cases.
I have worked with Wiggins and Baker Street vagrants twice, once with Simpson, once with former criminal Sinville Johnson, and once with Randall Parker who spread gossip in the newspaper.
Sherlock Holmes has cooperated with Mr. Baker, a private detective 1 times. He is both a friend and an opponent.
The following are all cases and years:
The study of blood characters (long) = the study of blood characters (1887, 1 1)
Symbol of four (long)= symbol of four (1890,2)
The Secret History of Bo Gong = A Scandal in Bohemia (189 1 7)
Red hair club = Red hair alliance (189 1, 8)
Identity = an identity (189 1, 9)
Boscombe Valley Mystery = Boscombe Valley Mystery (189 1, 10).
Five orange stones = five orange dots (189 1, 1 1)
A man with crooked lips = a man with twisted lips (189 1, 12)
Sapphire Box = Adventures of Blue Carbon Chain (1892, 1)
Spotted tape cassette = adventure of spotted tape (1892,2)
Engineer's Thumb Case = Engineer's Thumb Adventure (1892,3)
The case of aristocratic bachelor = Adventures of aristocratic bachelor (1892,4)
Emerald Crown Case = Adventure of beryl Coronet (1892,5)
Beech case in Tongshan = Adventure of Beech in Tongshan (1892,6)
Silver horse = silver flame (1892, 12)
Cardboard box = adventures of cardboard box (1893, 1)
Yellow-faced woman = yellow-faced woman (1893,2)
Securities Broker Staff = Securities Broker Staff (1893,3)
"Gloria Scott" = Gloria Scott (1893,4)
Musgrave Yili = Masgrave Ceremony (1893,5)
The riddle of Rygate = the riddle of Rygate (1893,6)
Hunchback = curved person (1893,7)
Inpatients = Inpatients (1893,8)
Greek translator = Greek translator (1893,9)
Naval Agreement = Naval Treaty (1893,10&; 1 1)
The last case = the final problem (1893, 12).
Baskerville hound (long) = Baskerville hound (190 1, 8 ~1902,4)
Empty House = Adventure of Empty House (1903,9)
Norwood Architect = Adventures of Norwood Builders (1903, 10).
Dancer = Adventure of Dancing Man (1903, 12)
Cycling alone = adventure of cycling alone (1903, 12)
Monastery Public School = Monastery Adventure School (1904, 1)
Black Peter = Adventures of Black Peter (1904,2)
Millwalton = Adventures of Charles Augustus Millwalton (1904,3)
Six busts of Napoleon = six adventures of Napoleon (1904,4)
The Adventure of Three College Students = Three Students (1904,6)
Phnom Penh pince-nez = The Adventure of the Golden Needle (1904,7)
The Missing Central Defender = Three-quarters of the Missing Adventures (1904,8).
Granci Manor = Adventures of Monastery Granci (1904,9)
The second drop of blood = the adventure of the second stain (1904, 12).
Westria Apartment = Adventures of Westria Hotel (1908,8)
Bruce-Partington Plan = Adventure of Bruce-Partington Plan (1908, 12).
Devil's Foot = Adventures of Devil's Foot (19 10, 12)
Red Circle Adventures (19 1 1, 3&; 4)
Francis? The disappearance of Ms. Kafax and the disappearance of Ms. Frances Carfax (1911.12)
Dying Detective = Dying Detective's Adventure (19 13, 1 1)
Uncanny valley (Dragon) = Fear Valley (1914,9 ~1915,5).
The last greeting = his last bow (1917,9)
Crown jewel box = Adventures of Mazarinstone (192 1, 10)
Mystery of Raytheon Bridge = Problem Raytheon Bridge (1922,2 &; 3)
Reptiles = Adventures of Reptiles (1923,3)
Vampires = Sussex Vampire Adventures (1924, 1)
Three people with the same surname = the adventures of three Garridebs (1924, 10)
Distinguished customers = the adventures of imaginary customers (1924, 1 1)
Triangle Wall Villa = Adventure of Three Gables (1926,9)
White-skinned soldiers = adventures of blackened soldiers (1926, 10)
Lion's Bristle = Adventures of Lion's Bristle (1926, 1 1)
Retired Pigmenter = Adventure of Retired Pigmenter (1926, 12)
Masked tenants = adventures of masked tenants (1927, 1)
Shawscomb Villa = Adventures of Shawscomb's Old Place (1927,3)
later ages
Sherlock Holmes Memorial Hall
The magnifying glass, pipe and deer hunting hat used by Holmes in the Holmes Memorial Hall (from left to right).
Sherlock Holmes Museum is located at 22 Baker Street1B, London. You can get off at Charing Cross Street Station by train (as described in Sherlock Holmes' novels) or get off at Baker Street Station by subway. The whole memorial hall embodies a strong Victorian style. The memorial hall is arranged according to the scenes in the novel, which completely reproduces Holmes' living room and bedroom. There are a lot of Sherlock Holmes' things in it: old pipe, deer hunting hat, scattered experimental instruments, violin with only two strings left, desk with black spots and so on. Whenever tourists visit, they can see a Victorian policeman standing at the door. After going upstairs, someone (old Watson) introduced the general situation. There are some wax figures on the third floor to show the plot in the novel. Many famous people have visited this small memorial hall, including the Queen Mother of England. All mails sent to this address are answered by a special person.
film and television
The story of Sherlock Holmes has been put on the small screen and the big screen many times, and it has also been adapted many times:
Before 1984 to 1985, Asahi TV broadcasted a 26-sentence animated series Sherlock Holmes, with Taichir? Hirokawa as the voice actor.
In the summer of 20 10, BBC Wales released the mini TV series Sherlock, in which Sherlock was played by benedict cumberbatch and Watson was played by martin freeman. The play moves the time and space of the story to modern England in 2 1 century and reinterprets Sherlock Holmes from a modern perspective. The second season of the play was broadcast on 20 12 1
The latest big-screen adaptation is Sherlock Holmes in 2009 and the sequel of 20 1 1, Sherlock Holmes 2: The Shadow Game, directed by guy ritchie and starring Robert Downey Jr. (Sherlock Holmes) and Jude Law (Dr. Watson).
But the most popular and recognized best is the TV series The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, which premiered in England on 1984, with Jeremy Brett as Sherlock Holmes. For this role, Brett's famous saying is "Be Doyle" ("Be loyal to Doyle"). Brett has been studying the original novel during the performance, so he is still loved by all the "real" Sherlock Holmes fans. Of all the actors who play Sherlock Holmes, Jeremy Brett is the most recognized by the audience. He starred in the film Sherlock Holmes 4 1 filmed by Granada TV. 1995 died of heart failure at the age of 62.
In addition, actors from all over the world have played the role of Sherlock Holmes. Basil rathbone Basil Lasbon is one of the earliest and most influential Sherlock Holmes actors. He starred in 15 Sherlock Holmes movies and a lot of radio dramas.
CBS's modern adaptation of the original novel has a basic deductive method (or translated into the American version of Sherlock Holmes), and the first season was broadcast on September 20 12.
song
The song "Sherlock Holmes" sung by singer Jam Hsiao mainly satirizes the paparazzi in the society.
Chinese translation
Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes, 4 volumes, translated by Ding Zhonghua, Liu Yuan, Taiwan Province Province, 1999, ISBN 957-32-3775-X.
Complete works of Sherlock Holmes, 4 volumes, Levin ISBN 962-7766-82-8.
The Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes (Abbreviated Edition) translated by Ding Zhonghua, etc. , people's publishing house ISBN 7-5014-1290-1/i? 468
Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (5 volumes), translated by Ding Zhonghua, published by People's Publishing House 1979 to 198 1.
Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes, translated by Wu, Wang and Chen Aiyi, China Yanshi Press ISBN 7-80 128-802-5.
Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes, translated by Lin, Taiwan Province Publishing House, first edition, ISBN 978-986-178-106-8.
Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes (Volume 10 is Conan Doyle's life), translated by Wang Zhiyi, Facebook Culture in Taiwan Province Province, ISBN 986-733-536-8.
Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes (1 1), translated by Yu Bufan, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, ISBN 978-7-5520-0 102-0.
Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes, 4 volumes, translated by Yu Bufan, Yilin Press 7-80657-92 1-4.