The glaze juice at the bottom of Lang Yaohong dripped and condensed, approaching black and red. In order to prevent the glaze from flowing, the craftsman scraped a two-layer platform outside the ring foot with a scraper to prevent the glaze from flowing down. This is a unique technique in the process of making Lang Yaohong porcelain, which is called "talking without flowing".
The real Lang Hong is the official kiln of this dynasty or the official kiln burned by Kangxi. After Kangxi, it was all imitation Langyao. Imitation of Kangxi and Lang Hong is mainly in the middle and late Qing Dynasty (Jiadao and Guangxu) and the early years of the Republic of China. How to identify the authenticity of Kangxi Lang Yaohong porcelain?
All monochromatic red glazes, with strong red (the deeper the color goes to the bottom), strong glass texture, medium to large split, and exposed fetal bones due to glaze shedding, can be classified as Lang Hong. The real Lang Hong is the official kiln of this dynasty or the official kiln burned by Kangxi. After Kangxi, it was all imitation Langyao. Imitation of Kangxi and Lang Hong is mainly in the middle and late Qing Dynasty (Jiadao and Guangxu) and the early years of the Republic of China. How to identify the authenticity of Kangxi Lang Yaohong porcelain?
Red at a glance
The standard basis for identifying porcelain, such as patina, fetal bone and tire bottom, has certain effect on the dating of Langhong red glaze, but it is not absolutely effective. Through documentary records and physical investigation, I propose that the primary factor to identify the authenticity and dating of Lang Hong is hair color, that is, the color of red glaze. Followed by patina and glass texture, and finally fetal bone.
So what is the standard hair color of Kangxi Lang Hong? Lang Hong ware fired in Kangxi Dynasty had a very high proportion of high-temperature copper (so-called no cost), so the result of firing was that the red glaze on the surface of the ware was dark purple or deep rose purple under natural light. For example, like the deep purple in the center of the section after fresh pig liver is cut (friends who sell vegetables and cook can understand it naturally). However, under strong light, high-temperature copper completely absorbs six colors (orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple) in the light, and basically does not absorb red, giving people a bright red texture. Therefore, Kangxi Lang Hong will have a bright red hair color only under strong light and a deep purple color under natural light. Lang Hong, copied after Kangxi, has a relatively light feature, which is often bright red at first glance.
Second, look at the texture and opening of the glass.
Kangxi Lang Hong fired at no cost, with thick glaze water and agate used in the ingredients. Therefore, the result of firing is that the surface has a strong glass texture.
When fired at high temperature, natural cleavage is formed, which is uneven and medium to large. The opening is not obvious, hidden under the glaze layer, and perfectly combined with high temperature copper. Under the magnifying glass of 40 times, there are a few bubbles.
Third, look at the bottom of the tire.
Many people will wonder, is fetal bone not very practical? Why look at the bottom of the tire first? The reason is that many Lang Hong burned after Kangxi took Kangxi's white tires to burn again. Therefore, fetal bone is not the only effective feature. There are two kinds of historical records and textual research on the tire bottom of Kangxi Lang Hong. One is flat pot cleaning, which is the characteristic of Kangxi's late products, and the other is rice soup bottom, which is the characteristic of Kangxi's early products. The third is sugar white glaze, except for different glaze colors, the opening sizes of the three are also different. For example, the opening of apple green tire bottom is large and not obvious, while the opening pattern of rice soup bottom is small, which is significant compared with apple green. It is particularly important to emphasize here that in addition to these three types of tires, there is another type, namely, tires with flat fruit green and red glaze, and a small amount of tires with red glaze as the main component.
In addition, there is another feature of Kangxi Lang Hong, which is often overlooked. That is to say, Kangxi Langhong is mainly small and medium-sized, and there are few large ones. You can't say no here, but less.
By the middle and late Qing Dynasty, the objects imitating Kangxi and Lang Hong were generally different from the products of Kangxi Dynasty in terms of red glaze color, glass texture and opening, and there were also great changes in the shape of the objects, such as the appearance of large-scale objects. After imitating Lang Hong, the works in Guangxu period were the best.
Recently, I have seen many new products on the market. What these products have in common is that the red between deep purple and bright red is made of chemicals, which I call "demon red". It has glass texture and cracks. The types of vessels are also varied, including small vessels, large vessels and giant vessels. Tibetan friends who like to collect Lang Hong need to be careful about this harmful product.
How to identify Lang Yaohong porcelain?
Lang Yaohong is a rare colored glazed porcelain which was created and fired after Governor Lang Tingji of Jiangxi Province went to Jingdezhen as a pottery officer in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, imitating the Red Sacrifice written by Xuande in the Ming Dynasty. However, in the "popular" collection market of blue and white, coloured glaze "takes a back seat". Some insiders said that coloured glaze, especially Langyao, is red, ancient, simple and elegant. At present, the market is not "hot" and the price is not high, which deserves the attention of wage earners with spare money and aesthetic ability. Today, how to identify Lang Yaohong porcelain?
Characteristics of Kangxi red glazed porcelain in Qing Dynasty. "Lang Yaohong" is as bright red as cow's blood, colorful and bright red. With the characteristics of "bright as a mirror, moist as jade and red as blood", it is called a fine product in porcelain. The "cowpea red" is elegant and soft light pink. Scattered dark red spots and green moss spots can also be seen on the glaze, which resembles the color of red cowpea, so it is called "cowpea red".
Lang Yaohong is a bright copper-red glaze, its glaze surface is bright and clean, with a glass texture, and it has different shades of glazed ox hair patterns. The darker color is red, with the characteristics of "bright as a mirror, moist as jade, and red as blood", and its glaze color is bright and bright, as scarlet as the initial setting of cow blood. The strong color is black, the light color is pink and the light color is dark brown. There are three kinds of Lang Yaohong porcelain glazes: beige, cyan and white, all with stripes. Lang Yaohong's sole glaze is rice soup color and apple cyan color, both of which are red spots, with occasional red glaze bottom and white glaze bottom.
Langyao red glaze ware, in other respects, also has the characteristics of Kangxi dynasty. First, the fetal bone is white and hard, and there is flint red at the exposed part of the sole; Second, the mouth is coated with powdery white glaze or slurry white glaze, which has many bubbles; Three, there are flat-cut, flat-cut, slightly round-edged, round-rolled, or oblique-cut two-story desktop inside and outside; Fourth, there is a white line between the red glaze of the body and the exposed tire; Fifth, unique utensils, such as Guanyin bottle and oil? Bottles, hat bowls, etc. They are all very popular styles of Kangxi; Sixth, most people have no money, and occasionally they have blue and white "blessing", "longevity" and "clearing" money.
Because the red glazed porcelain of Kangxi Langyao is precious and rare, there are many imitators in later generations, and some of them are superb, which can almost be confused. But imitation can't get rid of its characteristics of the times, which is different from the real thing. Usually, the imitations of "Lang Yaohong" are mostly imitations of the Republic of China, and some imitations of Ge kiln glazes in Yongzheng period, including blue glazes and simple coloring, are used to imitate various Lang kiln wares in Kangxi period.
Judging from the photos of Lang Hong Celestial Bottle provided by readers, it has been identified as a new imitation by professionals, with six major defects:
* Defect 1: Glazed surface
Comparing the pictures of "New Imitation Lang Hong Celestial Aquarius" and "Guangxu Lang Hong Guanyin Aquarius", we can find obvious differences between them. The original bottle is gray in glaze, and the fake is pure white. Although the inner walls of the two bottles are as smooth as mirrors, the genuine ones have a precipitated luster, and the fake ones have a bright red color, which is very dazzling. It should be the effect of the counterfeiter glazing the bottle. It can also be seen from Kangxi Langhongxiang Furnace that the real Lang Hong is thick in color and has no frivolous feeling. At the "junction" between the white glaze and the red glaze at the bottle mouth, we can see that the genuine red glaze has a vertical flow phenomenon, showing a natural sense of flow, while the fake obviously sweeps the red glaze up, which is unnatural.
* Defect 2: Opening the film
Comparing the "New Imitation of Lang Hong Tianxiang Bottle" with "Guangxu Lang Hong Guanyin Bottle" and "Kangxi Lang Hong Incense Burner", we can find that the opening of the film is completely different. The opening of the imitation bottle mouth is very small, and the glass feels broken, but there is no opening on the inner wall of the bottle mouth, only pure white glaze; In the authentic product, the inner and outer walls of Guanyin bottle mouth are cut, and the inner wall of incense burner is completely cut. The incision is natural and looks like a well.
* Defect 3: Bottom
Comparing Lang Hong Guanyin bottle in Guangxu, Lang Hongpan in Kangxi and incense burner in Lang Hong in Kangxi, we can find that the bottom of Lang Hongqi has several things in common: the glazed face is divided into "rice soup white" with thin slices. The bottom of the incense burner is the most special, only a small circle in the middle is glazed, and the rest are exposed. However, the bottom of the "New Imitation Lang Hong Celestial Bottle" is completely pure white glaze, and there is no opening, which is obviously a "thief light".
* flaw 4: around the foot
In the "New Imitation Lang Hong Celestial Bottle", the ring foot of the utensil is very clean and white, but there is an obvious boundary between the red glaze and the ring foot. It can be judged that the counterfeiter polishes the ring foot to create the "illusion" that the red glaze only flows to the bottom of the object, which is very regular.
It can be seen from the Guanyin bottle in Lang Hong, Guangxu that the important feature of Lang Hong artifacts-the edge and bottom of the lamp grass are uneven, and the red glaze naturally "edged" the circle foot slightly, because the circle foot was scraped out and "trimmed" by the craftsman with a knife, which is very natural.
* Defect 5: Money knowledge
From the "New Imitation of Lang Hong Celestial Bottle", we can see the obvious "Jingdezhen System". But in fact, Lang Hong porcelain is generally without money, and there is no so-called "Jingdezhen system". None of the legal copies mentioned in the article has any money. It can be inferred that fakes were copied in the 1980s and 1990s.
* Defect 6: Weight
Holding a new imitation, you can find that the top is light and the bottom is heavy, and all the forces are concentrated on the sphere. In fact, the weight of the genuine product is even up and down, and the center of gravity will not fall.
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