“A ship crossed the end of the world and sailed towards the unknown sea. On the bow of the ship hung a flag that was weathered but still extremely gorgeous. On the flag, four dragon-like clouds danced. The words sparkle - beyond the limit! "The author Hemingway said of his work "The Old Man and the Sea".
1. "The Old Man and the Sea" As Hemingway himself said, "It is the best work I can write in my life." Hemingway truly wrote a hymn of heroism here. It writes about the dignity of human soul. This is a novel describing the struggle between man and nature. The old man fought at sea for two days and two nights, and then only won an empty fish skeleton. The moral of the work is symbolic. Although the old man is defeated, he is still glorious. As the old man himself said, "Life is not for being defeated. People can be destroyed, but they cannot be defeated."
Hemingway is a spiritual monument to the American nation. President Kennedy's condolence message said, "Few Americans have had a greater impact on the feelings and attitudes of the American people than Ernest Hemingway." He loves hunting and fishing. He participated in two world championships, was hit by 237 pieces of shrapnel, and had 57 stitches on his head. He was involved in two plane crashes in Africa. "A severe concussion caused his vision and health to deteriorate." These experiences all gave birth to his tough guy character, so themes that symbolize power appear repeatedly in his novels, such as boxing, bullfighting, hunting, fishing, and war. Of course, mixed with sex, violence, loneliness, and death.
As a literary representative of the "lost generation". It seems to have been deified. He is dragging away the shackles of class and the times. It is a representative of human ideals. It is the embodiment of justice. He is a fighter against war. He is a brave man. And Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea is not just a tough guy, the spiritual value he embodies is a modern echo of the tragic spirit of ancient Greece. In The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway finally found the soul of his beloved tough guys. This soul is the unchanging and eternal value of human beings: the tragic and sublime struggle against fate (see "Oedipus the King")
2. "The Old Man and the Sea" is a novella . By Hemingway. Published in 1952. This is the continuation and development of the "tough guy character" he has described since the 1920s. The novel mainly tells about a weather-beaten old Cuban fisherman who fished at sea for 84 consecutive days without harvesting anything. He continued fishing on the 85th day and finally caught a big marlin. However, on the way back, he encountered a large group of sharks. During the siege, the old man Santiago fought with the sharks for three days regardless of his own safety. As a result, when the old man returned to the shore, only a huge fish skeleton was left.
3. Through the struggle between man and nature, the novel expresses the theme of people having to face failure bravely. Although Santiago failed in the fight with the shark that symbolized doom, he did not give in in the face of misfortune. He believed that although people can be temporarily defeated, the human spirit and will can never be defeated. "A person is not born to be defeated. You can eliminate him, but you can't defeat him." The novel is highly general, allegorical and symbolic in art. Contrast method and inner monologue are used to depict the character's character, and the language is clear, smooth, and unpretentious.
In "The Old Man and the Sea", Hemingway praised and eulogized the spirit of a tough guy who refused to admit defeat by showing the spirit and destiny of the old man. The author allows us to understand the concept of man and nature, and reveals to us: the laws of nature are irresistible to human power. Human beings can use nature and transform nature, but human beings cannot conquer nature. Although human beings will eventually fail, they never flinch and dare to fight. They can fully enjoy the joy of the winner and reflect human dignity.
3. Through the struggle between man and nature, the novel expresses the theme of people having to face failure bravely.
4. Santiago is a resolute and strong old man. He can endure the heavy pressure of misfortune. Although he is old, he thinks mostly of the symbol of strength - lions, hand-to-hand competitions, and bravely facing huge marlins and swarms of sharks. He is a warrior who fights with perseverance and wisdom no matter how difficult the environment is, and a person who defends the "dignity of the human soul."
Santiago is a "tough guy" image. He is brave and resolute, has self-confidence, and has the spirit of refusing to admit defeat. On the surface, the old man failed because he lost the big marlin; but from a spiritual point of view, he won.
5. The character’s inner monologue faithfully records Santiago’s inner activities and truly reproduces the old man’s thoughts and feelings. It not only deeply reveals the protagonist’s inner pride, perseverance and desire to seek help. The sense of loneliness, and shining with profound and rich philosophical brilliance, enriches the novel's thoughts and constitutes an important feature of the novel.
6. ① The first shark quickly approached the stern of the boat and attacked the big marlin. The old man used all his strength to pierce the shark's head with a harpoon. The shark turned over several times and wrapped itself around the rope prepared by the old man. The old man knew that the shark was dying, so the more it struggled, the tighter the rope became until it broke. The shark lay quietly on the water for a moment, and the old man stared at it, and then it slowly sank to the bottom of the sea. ② Two sharks came to him together. When he saw the closer one opening its big mouth and inserting it into the belly of the dead fish, he raised the short stick high and slashed hard at the shark's broad head. When the stick fell, he felt as if it had hit a piece of tough rubber.
As the shark slid off the dead fish, he gave it a hard blow on the nose. ③The shark was pulling the dead fish with its mouth under the sailboat. The old man loosened the sheet, and as the boat came sideways the shark was exposed from the bottom of the boat. As soon as he saw the shark, he thrust his oar in. But it only hit the flesh, and the old man's hand was injured. The shark quickly floated up and exposed its head. The old man stabbed twice in the middle of the head, and then into the left eye. The shark was still hanging, and the old man stabbed again between the spinal cord and the brain. , the shark's ribs were broken, the old man inserted the paddle between the shark's jaws, and the shark relaxed its mouth and slipped away.
7. ① The lion is the king of beasts. The lonely and poor old man has encountered bad luck many times, but he never loses heart and always tries to draw strength from the lion to keep making progress. ② Echo the beginning and end to deepen the theme.
8. Inspired by the old man’s unyielding spirit of fighting big fish and sharks, the children are determined to follow the old man’s example and return to his side.
9. This passage describes the scene when the old man returned after fighting off the shark that had eaten all his big fish. The old man felt very relaxed. He no longer wanted to fight the fish or protect his harvest. He thought he was not sad after his failure, but instead felt sober and relaxed. He states himself, explains himself, acknowledges his fate, accepts death, and fulfills his mission. Although he is defeated, he still wins. His spirit always transcends time and space and becomes a force that overwhelms fate. He is a typical "tough guy" characteristic.
Why didn't Hemingway let the old man win in the end? In the words of the old man in the novel: "A person is not born to be defeated." "People can be destroyed, but they cannot be defeated." "This is the philosophy that "The Old Man and the Sea" wants to reveal. There is no denying that everyone has flaws. When a person admits this flaw and strives to overcome it instead of succumbing to it, no matter whether he can finally overcome this flaw in himself, he is a winner, because he has overcome his compromise with the flaw, and he is a winner. Be the winner of your own courage and confidence. The old fisherman is the winner who dares to challenge his own shortcomings and his own courage and confidence. From the perspective of the secular view of victory, the old fisherman was not the final winner, because although he defeated the big marlin at first, the big marlin was eaten by the shark in the end. He only took the white skeleton of the big marlin with him. Back on shore, that is to say, the shark is the winner. However, in the eyes of idealists, the old fisherman is the winner because he has never compromised or surrendered to the sea, the big marlin, or the shark. As the music master Beethoven said, "I can be destroyed, but I cannot be conquered."
10. ①Simple in structure, there are as few characters as possible, the plot is unbranched, and the protagonist has a single and distinct personality. ② Avoid using too many descriptive techniques, avoid using too many adjectives, especially gorgeous rhetoric, and try to use straightforward narratives, vivid dialogues, and short sentences. The vocabulary is accurate and vivid. ③Clear and vivid action descriptions and concise dialogues. ④Strive to pursue an implicit and concise artistic conception.
Dear, I went to bed half an hour late for you.
So tired, so hard! ! !