Introduction
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Jiang Ziya, surname Jiang, Lu family, fame, courtesy name Ziya, nickname Feixiong, also known as Lu Shang. He was born in the last years of the Shang Dynasty. His ancestor, Siyue Boyi, assisted Dayu in controlling floods and was granted the title of Lu, so he got the Lu family. When Jiang Ziya was born, his family was already in decline, so when he was young, Jiang Ziya worked as a butcher who slaughtered cattle and sold meat, and also opened a hotel and sold wine to make ends meet. However, Jiang Ziya was poor but ambitious. Whether he was slaughtering cattle or doing business, he always worked hard to study astronomy, geography, military strategy, and how to govern the country, hoping that one day he could use his talents for the country. Jiang Taigong was the founder of the State of Qi. He was the chief planner and supreme military commander of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty and King Ke Yin of Shang Dynasty. He was also the founding father of the Western Zhou Dynasty. He was also the founder of Qi culture. He was also an outstanding strategist with long-lasting influence in ancient China. , military strategists and politicians. Classics of all dynasties have recognized his historical status. Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism, Military Affairs, and Zongheng all regarded him as a figure in their family, and he was respected as the "Grandmaster of Hundreds of Schools".
Records
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"King Zhaolie Wucheng" Jiang Ziya
Jiang Taigong was a long-lived person in the history of our country. After Jiang Taigong died, he returned to Zhou Dynasty and was buried , buried next to the tombs of King Wen and King Wu. At that time, the Zhou Dynasty stipulated that Jiang Taigong would be buried in Zhou Dynasty within five generations, and he could be buried in Qi after five generations. Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, Jiang Taigong was granted the title of Wusheng by successive emperors. Suzong of the Tang Dynasty granted Jiang Taigong the title of King Wucheng. During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty, he also granted the title of King Zhaolie Wucheng. During the Yuan Dynasty, some folk myths and legends were added to Jiang Taigong. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Xu Zhonglin wrote the novel "The Romance of the Gods". From then on, Jiang Taigong changed from a human to a god and was widely believed by the people.
Jiang Taigong Fishing
Jiang Ziya is a famous figure in ancient Chinese history, and he also has a high status in Taoism and among the people. He was born into a noble family, and his ancestor's fiefdom was called Lu, so he was also called Lu Shang. Jiang Ziya was born in Rizhao, Shandong Province and was smart since childhood. It is said that he can also predict major events that will happen in the world.
At that time, King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty, the dynasty where Jiang Ziya belonged, was a cruel man. There were constant wars during his reign. In order to avoid the war, Jiang Ziya lived in seclusion in Liaoning in northern China for 40 years, and later came to Shaanxi in northwest China. Zhongnan Mountain in the province. There, he often went fishing in the Wei River, but he didn't catch a single fish in three years, and his hook was still straight. People laughed at him, but he was indifferent. Therefore, there is an idiom in China: Jiang Taigong fishes, and those who wish to take the bait will take the bait. Miraculously, he caught a fish and found a book on the art of war in its belly. What is even more coincidental is that that night, King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, Jichang of the Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC - 8th century BC), had a dream about an expert. The next day, he met Jiang Ziya. Jiang Ziya told King Wen of Zhou about his life experience. King Wen was looking for talents in order to defeat his enemies and establish a dynasty, so he said to him: My ancestor Taigong has long placed his hope on you. Therefore, later generations also called him Taigong Wang, and the people generally called him Jiang Taigong. King Wen gave him a very high status and with his help, he destroyed the Shang Dynasty. In subsequent Chinese dynasties, temples were built in his honor, and Taoists also said that he ascended to heaven and became an immortal.
1. Historical research on Jiang Taigong’s life and place of birth
Jiang Taigong was the 54th grandson of Shennong, Emperor Yan, and the 36th grandson of Boyi. He was the grand master of the four generations of King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and King Kang of Zhou, and King Qi. His wife's name was Shen Jiang. He had 13 sons (Ding, Ren, Nian, Qi, Fang, Shao, Luo, Ming, Qing, Yi, Shang, Qi, Zuo), the female city Jiang was granted the title of Princess Zhou Wu and Queen. He was born in Rizhao City, Shandong Province today in 1211 BC, the eighth year of Gengding in the Yin Dynasty. He died in Haojing, the capital of Zhou Dynasty, in the sixth year of King Kang of Zhou in 1072 BC, at the age of 139. The tomb is located in Zhouling Township, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 1 km away from the Mausoleum of King Wen; there is a tomb in the Jiangtai Gong Temple in Linzi, Zibo City, Shandong Province.
For half of his life, Jiang Taigong was in a humble state. He could not choose his master and wandered uncertainly. However, he could move his heart and forbearance, observe the situation, wait for the opportunity, and finally meet the master of the Ming Dynasty. He assisted Ji Chang, cultivated virtue and promoted martial arts, in order to prosper the Zhou Dynasty. . King Wu of Zhou defeated Zhou, and Taigong served as military advisor. He fought in Muye and destroyed Shang and prosperous Zhou Dynasty, making his first contribution. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, Jiang Taigong was enfeoffed as the monarch of Qi. He governed the country well and created a huge country. His legacy still exists and has been continued for generations. He became one of the five hegemons for the later Duke Huan of Qi, who "joined the nine princes to unite the world." First of all, the foundation was laid.
As for the birthplace of Jiang Taigong, there are different records in the literature, mainly the Donghai theory and the Hanoi theory.
"Mencius Li Lou Shang" said: "Bo Yi created Zhou and lived on the coast of the North Sea... Taigong created Zhou and lived on the coast of the East China Sea... The two elders are the elders in the world." "Lv" The chapter of "The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Lu Family: The First Time" says: "Tai Gong Wang is a scholar of Dongyi." Gao You's annotation on the "Lü Shi Spring and Autumn Period: The First Time" says: "Tai Gong Wang is a native of Hanoi." Annotation of "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Three Prefectures and Kingdoms" Quoting from "Book of Natural History", it says: "Where Taigong Lu Wang came out, there is now Donglu Township. He also fished in Jijin, and his pu is still there today." "Shui Jing Zhu Wenshui" says: "(Wenshui) passed north again Chun Yu was in the west of the county, so the Xia Hou family was also responsible for the state. King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty granted Chun Yu the title of Duke and named it Chun Yu Guo. "Shui Jing Zhu·Qi Cheng" says: "There is Donglu Township 160 miles east of Juzhou. "Ji Jin is located in Langye Sea, where Taigong Wang came from." "Shui Jing Zhu" quotes the inscription in Taigong Temple as saying: "Tai Gong Wang was born in Hanoi." According to the research of historical records and contemporary experts, it is believed that "Tai Gong Wang was born in the East China Sea." The basis is more conclusive.
Donglu Township should be the birthplace of Jiang Taigong. In ancient times, Lu and Ju originally had the same character, and Ju was the name of the country in the Zhou Dynasty, which is now Ju County in Shandong Province. Donglu Township and Dongluli are located east of Jucheng, now part of Rizhao City, Shandong Province. Zhang Hua's "Natural History" of the Han Dynasty clearly states: "Haiqu City has Dongluli, Donglu Township, where Taigong Wang came from." "Haiqu" in the Western Han Dynasty is the current "Rizhao". Today's Yang Bojun has a deep understanding of Jiang Taigong He made a detailed textual research on the book. He said: "Yan Ruoxu's "Four Books on Earth" says: "In Haiqu County, Langye State, in the Later Han Dynasty, Liu Zhao cited the "Notes on Natural History" as saying: Taigong Lu Wang came out, and now there is Donglu. Township. He also fished in Jijin, where his Pu now exists. He also went to Jijin City, Guangchuan County, Qinghe State, and found that it should be in Langyehaiqu, but this city was different. I called the ancient city of Haiqu, and "Tongdian" said it was in the east of Ju County, which means that it was his home on the shore of the East China Sea when Taigong established Zhou. Cui Yuan of the Han Dynasty and Lu Wuji of the Jin Dynasty erected the "Qi Taigong Monument" thinking that they were from Ji County, which was a mistake. " ("Mencius Translation and Annotation on Li Lou") is well-founded and accurate. That is to say, Jiang Taigong's birthplace is in the area of ??Rizhao and Ju County on the coast of the Yellow Sea in eastern Shandong Province. It is also the "East China Sea" mentioned by Sima Qian. The meaning of "Master". According to the capital of Qi State, the historical records of Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province today record that Jiang Taigong's birthplace was today's Tizhao City. According to the historical records of the Lu Clan World Research Association, a descendant of Jiang Taigong's branch (including the Lu family in South Korea and other countries), Jiang Taigong's birthplace was Rizhao City, Shandong. Mr. Jiang Guozhu, one of the highest authorities on Jiang Taigong in China today, a famous professor at China National Defense University and a descendant of Jiang Taigong, has confirmed that Jiang Taigong’s birthplace was Rizhao City, Shandong Province after years of research and verification.
It should also be noted that four thousand years ago, the two towns of Rizhao City (18 kilometers away from the urban area) were the largest cities in Asia. This is the conclusion reached by an American archaeological expert team and Shandong University during a half-year joint field investigation. As a great man of the generation, Jiang Taigong was born in such a culturally developed area, it should be more reasonable. After comprehensive research and analysis, it is believed that Jiang Taigong's birthplace should be Rizhao City, Shandong Province.
The "Shui Jing Zhu" quotes an inscription from the Taigong Temple saying: "Tai Gong Wang is a native of Hanoi." "The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Lu Family: First Time" says: "Tai Gong Wang is a native of Hanoi." "Historical Records" Qi Taigong "Aristocratic Family": "Those who looked after Lu Yan were from the East China Sea." Weihui City belonged to Hanoi County before the Republic of China, and was called Ji County before 1988. There is a place name "Beihai" near Weihui that is similar to the East China Sea, as evidenced by inscriptions. The "Bamboo Book Annals" unearthed from Jijun in the Western Jin Dynasty specifically records Jiang Taigong as "a native of Jiyi of Wei" (Lv Village, Taigongquan Town, Weihui City)
2. The historical status of Jiang Taigong
Jiang Taigong's life was full of twists and turns, yet vigorous and mysterious. He can indeed be called a strange person, strange thing, and strange man. Looking at Taigong's achievements throughout his life, he has made outstanding contributions in terms of military, political, economic and ideological aspects, among which military affairs are the most outstanding. Therefore, Taishi Gong said that "the military affairs of later generations and the Yin power of Zhou Dynasty are all based on Taigong." He can be called the originator of military strategists and the source of military affairs.
Jiang Taigong is an all-wise and all-powerful figure in Chinese history. He is also a "tall, powerful and comprehensive" image on the Chinese literary and artistic stage. He is also the one who ranks above all gods on the Chinese altar. The Lord of God. As a religious god, he is the God of War and Wisdom, and is regarded as the protective deity of "Tai Gong is here, nothing is taboo".
Since the ancient times, the Zhou Dynasty has been hoping to get a saint...a wise man who can stabilize the country with military force and can govern the country with literature to assist the Zhou Kingdom in completing the task of destroying Yin and rejuvenating Zhou Dynasty, so it is named Taigong was called "Tai Gong Wang", and when King Wu came to power, he was also called "Teacher and Father", and he respected and doted on the powerful. The "teacher" appointed by King Wen to the Grand Duke was the "Tai Shi". He was the highest official among the "Three Dukes" of the Western Zhou Dynasty. He was in charge of the army and also consulted on politics. At that time, there was a saying that "there are three parts of the world, and the two who return to the Zhou Dynasty are mostly the Taigong's schemes", which shows the importance of the Taigong's position in the Zhou Dynasty.
Jiang Taigong was a wise minister full of strategic ideas and an extraordinary political and military strategist. He has always been respected by rulers of all generations. This is eulogized in many historical materials and literary works before the Tang Dynasty such as "The Book of Songs" Quite a lot.
After Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty came to the throne, foreign barbarians invaded, internal troubles were not eliminated, and the political situation was turbulent. The country was faced with a situation of chaos waiting to be cured and waste waiting to be revitalized. In order to achieve the goal of "pacifying the people and governing the country" , he claimed that he was the incarnation of Jiang Taigong, and built the Taigong Temple in Fengxi. He used this move to tell people that he would be like King Wen of Zhou who visited virtuous people and reused virtuous ministers and generals like Jiang Taigong. He later obtained a large number of virtuous ministers and generals. The talents who govern the world and the country finally realized the "Government of Zhenguan". In order to seek domestic peace, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty needed people like Jiang Taigong who were dedicated, dedicated, loyal and diligent in serving their masters, so in the 19th year of Kaiyuan (731 AD) he ordered all states in the world to build a Taigong temple. He also asked Zhang Liang to share it with him and offer sacrifices on the fifth day of the second lunar month in the Spring and Autumn Period. Whenever troops are sent out or generals and civil and military officials respond to imperial edicts, they must first go to the Taigong Temple to pay homage. In the twenty-seventh year of Kaiyuan (AD 739), Jiang Taigong was posthumously named "Wucheng King" and became a "martial arts" saint of the Chinese nation. In the fifth year of Xining (AD 1072), Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, in order to resist the invasion of Waiguan, he ordered all military generals to read "Tai Gong's Art of War". Sima Qian said in "Historical Records": "In Tuoyouli, Bochang in the Western Zhou Dynasty conspired with Lu Shang to cultivate virtue and favor business and government. They had many military powers and strange strategies. Therefore, the military power of later generations and the Yin power of the Zhou Dynasty were all based on the Taigong. Strategy," this established Jiang Taigong's status as the founder of Tao strategy theory in the Chinese nation.
In 1972, the fragments of the "Six Tao" were excavated from the tomb of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in Yinqueshan, Linyi, Shandong in 1972, to collate the various versions and original annotations of the "Six Tao" that exist today, and explain the "Six Tao" The book "Six Tao" was popular before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which negated the suspicion that "Six Tao" was written by Lu Shang forged by the ancients, and further confirmed that Jiang Taigong's writings on military theory were authentic. In terms of military theory and strategic thinking in political and economic struggles, he has left an indelible and rich legacy for future generations. It is well deserved that people call him the ancestor of military strategy thinking!
A complete set of military theories such as military theory, art of war, military books, strategies, and tactics in ancient China, as far as their earliest origins, systems, and doctrines are concerned, all originated from the State of Qi. Taigong, so it is well deserved that Taigong is the military master, the military sage of Qi, and the ancestor of Chinese martial arts. It can be said that without Taigong Theory and the Qi military strategist it established, there would not have been such a profound, resourceful, theoretically complete, long-standing, continuous and influential Chinese military theory. Today, when we study ancient Chinese state governance strategies and military tactics, we must attach great importance to Taigong's outstanding contributions and ideological value. The famous military strategists Sun Wu, Gui Guzi, Huang Shigong, Zhuge Liang and others in ancient and modern China have all studied and absorbed the essence of Taigong's "Six Tao". Taigong's literary, Taoist and military strategies have been used in various fields such as politics, economy, management, military, science and technology in the world today. learned from.
Tai Gong governed the country and established the policy of "following the customs, simplifying the etiquette, promoting commerce and industry, and benefiting from fish and salt". In the hundreds of years of development history of Qi State, it has been passed down from generation to generation, resulting in The huge influence established the historical status of Qi culture.
Tai Gong has passed away for more than 3,000 years. The people worship his noble personality, mourn his great achievements, and make up many myths about him with simple emotions to praise him. It is said that he once studied Taoism in Kunming Mountain, and later he was ordered by his master to go down to the mountain to help Zhou Dynasty destroy Shang Dynasty. After destroying Shang Dynasty, he was ordered by his master to make a list and become a god. This gradually deified him in books such as "Taiping Yulan" and "Feng Shen Ji". In the Ming Dynasty, Xu Zhonglin had an indescribable reverence for the Taigong, so she compiled a book called "Fengshen Yanyi" in the form of a god, describing him as the god in charge of all the gods in the world. The magic and majesty of the Taigong became an idol to ward off evil and bring justice. . Although these are beyond historical reality, they reflect Jiang Taigong's lofty status in people's minds.
3. Jiang Taigong’s Thoughts
Lu Shang (Jiang Taigong)’s civil and military strategies had a profound influence. He was not only the hero who founded the Western Zhou Dynasty, but also assisted the elders of the four dynasties: King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and King Kang. He accumulated rich experience in governing the country and promoted the development and progress of society. His thoughts, theories, and practices are profound and profound.
1. The originator of Tao strategy and the eternal martial sage
As the originator of Chinese Tao strategy and the eternal martial sage, Jiang Taigong was famous for his literary and military strategies, managing the country and the army, and managing the people and customs. His strategies and techniques have laid a good foundation for future generations, and are praised and imitated by the Chinese nation.
The "Sage of War" Sun Wu and his "Sun Tzu's Art of War" are well-known at home and abroad. They can be regarded as the master of military art. His military thoughts also draw lessons from Taigong's strategy. For example: "Sun Tzu's Art of War: Virtual Reality Chapter" has the sentence "Go where you will, and go where you don't expect", and it is recorded in "Wen Tao·The Way of War" in the treatise "Six Tao" that reflects Jiang Taigong's military thought. That is to say, "The art of victory in war is to closely observe the enemy's opportunities and quickly take advantage of them, and to attack them unexpectedly with repeated attacks." In "The Art of War: Planning Chapter" by Sun Tzu, "Generals are wise, trustworthy, benevolent, courageous, and strict." "Similar to "Six Taoists, Long Tao, On Generals", "Generals have five talents and ten faults", "the five talents are courage, wisdom, benevolence, trustworthiness, and loyalty"; "Sun Tzu's Art of War: Planning Chapter" states that "the five talents are courage, wisdom, benevolence, trustworthiness, and loyalty"; It is the important matter of the country. The land of life and death, the way of survival and death, must be observed. "The general is the auxiliary of the country. If he assists the country, the country will be strong, and if he assists the country, the country will be weak." "Tao·On Generals" also said: "For example, soldiers are the major events of the country, the way of survival and failure, and the fate lies in generals. Generals are the auxiliary of the country and the most important thing of the previous kings." etc.
The works on Jiang Taigong's military thought include "Six Tao" and "Six Tao". It is written in the form of Taigong answering questions from King Wen and King Wu of Zhou. His books include Wen Tao, Wu Tao, Long Tao, There are six parts: Tiger Tao, Leopard Tao and Dog Tao, totaling sixty chapters. "Yin Fu Jing", "Tai Gong's Art of War", "Tai Gong's Golden Chamber", etc., but few of them exist. The brilliance, profundity, and value of his thoughts on military strategy, war strategy, tactics, army construction, and war preparations lie in his comprehensiveness, creativity, and pioneering nature. He does not simply discuss military affairs in terms of military affairs, but It is discussed from the perspective of a philosopher's wisdom and the perspective of a smart politician, closely integrating politics and military affairs, governing the country and managing the military. This makes his military tactics and strategies quite comprehensive, profound and incisive. Therefore, he has been highly praised by philosophers, politicians and military strategists of all ages and has had a huge influence. "Six Tao", as a great military work in ancient China, was listed as one of the "Seven Books of Martial Arts" in the Song Dynasty. As a martial arts textbook, it became a must-read military book for generals. For more than two thousand years, the "Six Tao", like other "Martial Classics", has been annotated, explained, collated, and expounded by people from the pre-Qin Dynasty to modern times. They have excavated the grand and profound meaning of its thoughts and absorbed the essence of its thoughts. It has endured for a long time and has become more and more popular today. Sheng, fully demonstrating its glorious ideological value and immortal vitality. We should cherish this precious historical and cultural heritage and make it more glorious in the new era.
2. Machiavellian Thoughts
There is a passage from Jiang Taigong at the end of "Six Tao, Wen Tao, and Literary Master": "Tai Gong said: The world is not the world of one person, but the world of everyone. That is. Those who share the interests of the world will win the world." This is the biggest and most fundamental political thought of Taigong's "conspiracy to cultivate virtue and favor business affairs" and destroy Shang and prosper Zhou Dynasty. Because the greatest political strategy is to overthrow the Shang Dynasty and establish the Zhou Dynasty. Taking advantage of and establishing national power is the foundation of military strategy. In addition to "Wenshi", this idea is also discussed repeatedly in "Faqi", "Wenqi", "Shunqi" and other chapters. After Taigong was granted the title of Qi and the State of Qi was established, the fundamental policy implemented was also the idea that "the world is not for one person, but for everyone in the world." It can be seen that Jiang Taigong believes that human nature is to hate death but enjoy life, and to love virtue and return to profit. What can bring benefit to people is morality. Those who can practice benevolence, righteousness and morality can make the world surrender. Therefore, the king should take the interests of the world as his benefit, the harm of the world as his harm, the happiness of the world as his pleasure, and the survival of the world as his business. Only by using benevolence, righteousness and morality to promote interests and eliminate harms for the world, so that people in the world can share interests, live and die with them, avoid sorrows, and understand pain and joy. In this way, we can win over and consolidate the hearts of the people, and make all people feel happy. Based on this understanding, "Six Tips" emphasizes that the king should practice benevolence and virtue to benefit the people, and should not bully the people, abuse the people, or harm the people for his own sake. Only in this way can the people share the same boat with the monarch and support the monarch. This thought has also been implemented and realized in the practice of Qi State. This is something that no other military strategist has. It can be seen that the above content of the book "Six Tao" is consistent with Jiang Taigong's military strategy thought.
3. The thought of loving the people
The way to love the people is to use the way of benevolence and righteousness to cultivate virtues to benefit the people and make them harmonious. As Taigong said: "Respect others and cooperate with their relatives. If you respect others, you will be united, and if you cooperate with your relatives, you will be happy. This is the discipline of benevolence and righteousness. Don't let others take away your power, because it is clear, and you should obey it. Those who obey are allowed to do so. Use virtue, and defeat those who are against you with force. If you respect them, the world will be in harmony. "That is to say, if you respect public opinion, respect the people, gather your relatives, and act benevolently, you will be supported and loved by the people. In this way, the world will be in harmony. Then you can defend the land, consolidate the country and rule the world. Therefore, those who subjugate the world do not need to use force exclusively, and they must not be violent to the people, but they must be benevolent and righteous, practice morality and prohibit violence. This is the brilliance of Jiang Taigong and "Six Tao" who attach great importance to literary Taoism rather than military strategy, and take the management of the country and the army as a whole. He governs the country with benevolence and brings peace to the people, implements benevolent government, emphasizes education, and obeys the people's sentiments in accordance with the folk customs. This fully shows that the starting point and destination of Jiang Taigong's governance are to love the people. "Liu Tao·Wen Tao·State Affairs" says: "Tai Gong said: 'Benefits without harm, success without defeat, life without killing, giving without taking away, instead there is no suffering, joy without anger.'" From the above, we It is not difficult to see that among the pre-Qin military, political and princes, only Jiang Taigong had such a profound thought of "loving the people". Moreover, it was also Jiang Taigong who truly implemented the idea of ??"loving the people" into the practice of founding the country after the founding of Qi. This was Qi's policy of enriching the people.
4. The idea of ??obedience to the people
Jiang Taigong knew very well the principle that "the people are the foundation of a country, and the people are the foundation of the country, and the people are the foundation of the country." If there are people, there will be a country, but if there are no people, there will be no country. Therefore, he advocated the idea of ??putting people first and benevolent and obedient to the people. Being obedient to the people means "valuing the people" and "valuing the people". If the king, ministers, and officials at all levels do not put the people first, but exploit and harm the people, the people will alienate themselves from morality, leave them, and rebel against them. Through his personal experience of living among the people for a long time, Jiang Taigong continued to observe and study carefully. He had a profound understanding of the people-oriented and people-oriented ideas, and established a strong people-oriented consciousness. Therefore, before he left the mountain and When establishing and governing a country, we always adhere to the people-oriented principle, implement benevolent governance, win over the people, and make all people return to their hearts. Regarding how to quiet and stabilize the world, Jiang Taigong pointed out: Heaven has its own laws of movement, and people have their own daily lives and undertakings. If the monarch can live harmoniously with the people, the world will be peaceful and the people will be stable. The best politics is to govern based on folk customs and comply with the people's wishes, and the second is to educate and inspire the people. When the people are educated and influenced, they will obey the government orders. Therefore, it is said that the way of heaven can grow and achieve all things without doing anything, and the people can make themselves rich without giving. This is the noble morality of governing the world, and it is also the fundamental principle of doing everything without doing anything. location.
5. Thoughts on elevating the virtuous
The two chapters "Exalting the Sage" and "Elevating the Sage" in "Six Taoists: Wen Tao" concentrated on Jiang Taigong's emphasis on the virtuous and valuing the virtuous. , the theory of sage governance and its ideological content on selecting and promoting talents. The so-called "sage" means respecting and advocating moral and talented people. Respecting the virtuous and meritorious service is one of the main contents of Jiang Taigong's "national foundation". Jiang Taigong believed that when a monarch governs a country, he must respect wise men with both ability and political integrity and suppress mediocre people without talent and virtue; appoint loyal and honest people and remove treacherous and hypocritical people; strictly prohibit riotous behavior and prohibit extravagant customs. Therefore, A wise king should be wary of six kinds of bad things and seven kinds of bad people when employing people. The dangers of the six kinds of bad things are: "hurt the king's virtue", "hurt the king's transformation", "hurt the king's power", "hurt the king's majesty", "hurt the ministers who have made contributions", "hurt the karma of the common people". There are seven kinds of bad people that should never be trusted, namely, "Don't use them as generals", "Don't join in schemes", "Don't get close to them", "Don't pet them", "Don't use them", "Forbid them", "Stop them". This blocks the way for bad people to do bad things, endanger the country and harm the people.
"Six Taoists·Wentao·Shangxian" says: "Tai Gong said: 'If you get good generals, your army will be strong and your country will prosper; if you don't get good generals, your army will be weak and your country will perish.
'" The idea of ????promoting virtuous people was officially included in one of the founding policies after Jiang Taigong established the Qi State, that is, "promoting virtuous people to achieve merit."
6. Six Guards and Three Treasures
Jiang Taigong’s ideas on developing the economy by enriching the country and enriching the people are comprehensive and thoughtful, incisive and profound. According to "Liu Tao·Wen Tao·Liu Shou": Taigong said: "Everyone has six guardianships and three treasures. "Six Guards: benevolence, righteousness, loyalty, trust, courage, and strategy. Three treasures: great farmers, great workers, and great merchants are called the three treasures. If farmers are in their villages, they will have sufficient grain; if workers are in their villages, they will have sufficient utensils; if they are merchants, they will be in their villages. The goods are sufficient. If the three treasures are in their place, the people will not worry about it. If there is no chaos in the country, there will be no chaos in the country. If the ministers are not rich, the country will be prosperous. If the three treasures are complete, the country will be safe. After the founding of the Qi State, it was also included in the founding policies, that is, "the industry of trade and industry will benefit from fish and salt." Agriculture, industry and commerce developed at the same time, and the focus was on the development of industry and commerce. Therefore, the later Qi State may develop into a country that is rich in people and strong in the country.
Jiang Taigong proposed his monetary policy based on "paying equal attention to the three treasures", "balancing the root and bottom", "paying attention to both the top and bottom", and broadening financial resources to ensure the normal circulation of goods and taxation. Regular payments promote economic development and market prosperity. This economic and monetary policy of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure is actually the best policy for the country's economic development. Jiang Taigong is well aware of the importance of agriculture, industry, and commerce to the national economy and people's livelihood. If a country is unstable, it will not be prosperous if it has no industry or tools, and it will not be viable if it has no business or goods. Therefore, it is necessary to pay equal attention to agriculture, industry, and commerce and develop them in a coordinated manner so that the people can have jobs, food, clothing, and utensils, and goods can circulate. Financial abundance. Jiang Taigong's "Three Treasures" thought was not only the basic policy for the economic development of the Zhou Dynasty, but also laid the political and material foundation for Qi's strength, which continues to the present world.
7. Jiufu Wan Law
Jiang Taigong’s monetary policy is mainly the Jiufu Wan Law he formulated. The so-called "Jiufu Wan Law" is stated in Yan Shigu's Notes: " "Zhou Guan" Dafu, Yufu, Neifu, Waifu, Quanfu, Tianfu, Shi Nei, Zhi Nei, Zhi Jin and Zhi Coin are all officials in charge of money, so it is said that there are nine houses. Wan means equal and connected. "The "Jiu Fu Yuan Law" established by Jiang Taigong is to use administrative means to ensure the balanced circulation and reasonable entry and exit of goods, so that coins and cloth can continue to circulate, with appropriate gathering and dispersion, no stagnation, and no shortage. The country is rich, The people are satisfied with it.
The function of "Jiu Fu" in "The Rites of Zhou" is to "transfer money and make it easy to have money" < /p>
Jiang Taigong’s fiscal and economic policies and financial management system not only established a complete and strict management system and management system for the Zhou Dynasty’s economic management, economic supervision, tax collection, and goods preservation, but also established a complete and strict management system for the Qi State. The power of Qi Huan Gong and Guan Zhong laid the foundation for the hegemony of "nine princes unite to rule the world". Jiang Taigong's method of making money and managing money, that is, the system of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure, is the way to enrich the people and strengthen the country, and it is the way to govern the country for all generations. The right way is the way to govern everything that is not easy, so it is the law for all generations.
Four, the eternal achievements are praised by future generations
The moral achievements of Jiang Taigong are praised and praised by future generations. He transformed from a human into a god and was listed as the first among the immortals. It is said that he can call the wind and rain, and make gods and ghosts subjugate; some people regard him as the "originator of military strategists"; the people of Qi call him "the supreme emperor of Qi" and so on. Wise men, military strategists and warriors all expressed their feelings and praised Taigong in their poems, essays, and military strategies. They either expressed their aspirations after observing the historical relics left by Taigong, or extended their opinions based on Taigong's deeds and praised him. Gong.
In "The Book of Songs: Ming Dynasty", it is written:
The Makino is bright, the sandalwood chariot is bright, the Wei master is in the air, and the shadow is cold. King Wu. Cruelly conquered the great merchants and ushered in the Qingming Dynasty.
Among the many hymns, the one that highly summarizes and evaluates Jiang Taigong's life achievements is "Praise to Marshal Jiang" by Xu Zhonglin, the author of "The Romance of the Gods". 》:
The six Taoists left behind to become a king, and the secrets are inexhaustible.
The general will enter the future, and the people will be punished for their eternal merits.
After strategizing and conquering the wind, Xie Li defeated Lao Peng.
The ancient military advisor was the first, and his reputation was as high as Mount Tai.
Not only poems were written to praise Jiang Taigong's lifelong achievements. , and there are many praises in history and literature.
People not only value Jiang Taigong’s works and wisdom, but also highly respect his noble personality and unremitting spirit of struggle, and miss his commitment to justice. The diligent pursuit of civilization; he does not retreat, humiliate, or bow his head when faced with difficulties; he does not pay attention to hunger; he does not give in when he sinks; he does not accept old age when he is old, but remains unwavering in his ideals, beliefs, and pursuits. He is an example of a man who has ambitions that are not too young and who thrives late. He will always be the pride and pride of the Chinese people.
In the long-standing, long-lasting and continuous traditional thought and culture of the Chinese nation, Qilu. Culture is the main source, which represents the traditional civilization of Yan and Huang. In ancient times, the two tribes headed by Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang began to merge and merge into one nation in the early Zhou Dynasty. The two great historical figures representing these two tribes are Jiang Taigong, a descendant of the Yan Emperor who was granted the title of Qi State, and Zhou Gongdan, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor who was granted the title of Lu State. We say that without Zhou Gong's literary skills and Jiang Taigong's military strategy, it would be difficult for the "small state of Zhou" to defeat the "big state of Yin". Even if it defeated, it would be difficult to consolidate and create such a splendid Zhou Dynasty. civilization.
Now, with a pragmatic attitude, we carefully study Jiang Taigong's thoughts and correctly evaluate Jiang Taigong's achievements. This is of great significance for in-depth study and discussion of the history and culture of the Chinese nation, especially the mainstream Qilu culture.