1. English emphasizes structure, while Chinese emphasizes semantics.
English and Chinese belong to two completely different languages. Judging from the setting of English-Chinese translation questions, English sentences are generally more complicated, which is mainly due to two reasons: first, it is difficult to ask sentences in the exam, otherwise it is impossible to test the true level of candidates; Second, English can express multi-level meanings in one sentence through structural arrangement. Judging from the expression habits of Chinese, sentences should generally not be written too long. Too many or too long modifiers will lead to distraction and semantic ambiguity.
There are many long sentences in English and many short sentences in Chinese.
Because English emphasizes structure and Chinese emphasizes semantics, English sentences tend to be longer and Chinese sentences tend to be shorter. The translation of the above example has been made clear. Understanding this difference, translation will naturally get rid of the shackles of the original text and strive for some initiative, which is what Mr. Qian Zhongshu said, "get what you mean and forget what you say." In order to successfully complete this formal transformation, the key is to do a good job in the structural analysis of long English sentences and divide them into several small paragraphs according to the meaning group.
3. English pays more attention to the front, while Chinese pays more attention to the back.
The so-called front center of gravity is to say the results first and then the details. The focus is on the details before the results. Because China people pay more attention to their backs.
4. English is more passive and Chinese is more active.
People who are a little more careful will find that the passive structure is often used in English, but rarely used in Chinese. Faced with this contradiction, of course, we can't turn every passive structure upside down mechanically, but we should deal with it appropriately according to the specific situation.
There are many pronouns in English and many nouns in Chinese.
6. English is more extended and Chinese is more reasoning.
7. Check English more and repeat Chinese more.
As I said before, English emphasizes structure, while Chinese emphasizes semantics. This difference leads to the difference between the two languages in expressing the same concept: English either changes its expression or changes a different word.
8. English is more abstract and Chinese is more concrete.
The so-called abstraction actually refers to some expressions that people can't understand. If English-Chinese translation is a sentence that can be understood at a glance, it will lose the meaning of this question type, so it is normal for candidates to think that many English-Chinese sentences are abstract. The ultimate goal of translation is to make people understand the meaning of sentences, so there can be no incomprehensible expressions in translation. In this sense, it is true that English has many abstract contents, while Chinese has many concrete contents.