Metternich represented the feudal landowners and aristocracy, uniting European feudal forces to safeguard vested interests and restore traditional order, which to a certain extent catered to the British balance of power strategy;

Tallie Although Lang's orthodox principles met Metternich's need to restore feudalism, they played a role in protecting capitalism and maintaining a stable European order. Talleyrand was a bourgeois politician and Metternich's service targets were completely different;

Napoleon was a challenger to the traditional order that rose out of chaos. However, while challenging the traditional order, he inspired nationalism and liberalism. His method of challenge directly plundered the territory of the "revolutionary object", which is A direct act of aggression eventually led to failure;

Bismarck was also a politician representing the landlord class. What he unified was the small Germany controlled by Prussia. The "iron-blood policy" was an intuitive embodiment of the Prussian militarism tradition. Bismarck both He made use of capitalism and protected feudal forces, and finally assisted William I in establishing the feudal German Empire.