In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, warlords were fighting, plague was prevalent, and the people were in dire straits. On the land of China, a generation of miracle doctors was born. He is not like other scholars who are obsessed with official career and concentrate on officialdom. However, he studied medicine intensively, hung the pot to help the world, and saved the people from suffering. He was praised as a miracle doctor by later generations. He pioneered surgery under general anesthesia and was regarded as a master of surgery and the originator of surgery. He was famous all over the world for his superb medical skills, but in the end he was killed at the hands of the great hero Cao Cao because of his superb medical skills. He is the miracle doctor Hua Tuo.

1. Erudite and talented, with the ambition to become an official. Huatuo's character is yuanhua, also known as 旉. He was a native of Qiao County, Peiguo (now a native of Bozhou, Anhui). When he was young, he traveled around to study, visited famous people, studied poetry and books, and was familiar with Confucian classics such as Jing, Shi, Zi, and Ji. His medical practice has spread all over Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu and other places. He spent his whole life hanging a pot to help the world, working tirelessly. Due to the prevailing social customs at the time, he was unwilling to practice medicine and often felt regretful about it. It can be seen from this that Hua Tuo is actually a scholar. Medical skills are only a very small part of his knowledge structure. Like most scholars, he hoped that his decent job would be to become an official, but he never found a suitable opportunity. In the early days, Chen Si, the prime minister of Pei State, recommended him as Xiaolian, and Taiwei Huang Wan called him to serve, but he refused. Is it because the official position is too small and too far from his lofty ambitions, so he deliberately refuses to do so? It is true that he has only been walking among the people, treating diseases and saving people, practicing medicine, and his reputation has grown day by day.

2. The medical skills are superb and unprecedented. In his medical career, Hua Tuo learned from the strengths of others and used them for his own use. He particularly admired the "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" written by his predecessor, the medical sage Bian Que, and called it "a real person" from which he drew the essence of medicine. Throughout his life's medical practice, the first thing worthy of praise is that he pioneered traditional Chinese medicine surgery and anesthesia technology.

1. Invent general anesthetic drugs. Ma Fei Powder, a miraculous early general anesthesia drug. Hua Tuo's first contribution to the medicine of the motherland was his invention of Mafei powder as a general anesthetic. This is more than 1,600 years before Western countries used laughing gas and ether for anesthesia. This is an extremely remarkable invention and contribution. He also innovatively used Mafei Powder to be taken with wine to enhance the effect of the anesthetic and speed up its onset of action.

2 The first surgical operation. He took Mafei powder orally to make the patient lose consciousness and achieve anesthesia effect. While the patient was unconscious, a laparotomy was performed to remove the necrotic intestine and suture it. After a few days, the patient recovered as good as ever. We can't even imagine it now. More than 2,000 years ago, Hua Tuo was truly a medical genius who dared to think, act, and innovate and explore.

3. Proficient in pharmacology. Hua Tuo was very knowledgeable about the properties of Chinese herbal medicines. When he was treating a disease, he only used a few herbs to prepare decoctions. He knew the weight and proportion of the medicines in his mind without weighing them. Boil the medicine and let the patient drink it. At the same time, he tells the patient the contraindications or precautions for taking the medicine. Hua Tuo left the patient just after taking the medicine and the disease was cured. There is such a magical level of technology.

4 Precise acupuncture. Hua Tuo was extremely proficient in the art of acupuncture. If a patient needs moxibustion treatment for an illness, he will only choose one or two main acupoints, and only seven or eight moxa sticks will be burned on each acupoint. The pain is often cured by moxibustion. If a patient needs acupuncture, he only needs to prick one or two acupuncture points. When inserting the acupuncture, he says to the patient: "Please tell me when the acupuncture induction reaches somewhere." When the patient says "I have sensed it", he immediately starts the acupuncture. , the pain recovered quickly. It can be seen that his mastery of the meridians and acupuncture points of the human body has reached a very precise level, and he can achieve the magical realm of moxibustion to relieve pain and acupuncture to eliminate diseases.

5 Invented the Five Animal Play. Hua Tuo was the first person to propose sports medicine. He is well versed in the principles of kinesiology. He proposed the theory of keeping fit through exercise and was the founder of the health preserving theory. Wuqinxi can imitate the basic movements of five animals as an effective exercise for humans to strengthen their bodies and achieve the desired fitness effects. Until now, Wuqinxi is still a very effective health-preserving gymnastics.

3. Accurate diagnosis and prognosis. This is an important part of Hua Tuo's superb medical skills. However, in order to facilitate the explanation of the cause of Hua Tuo's death, it is necessary to detail it separately. In "Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo Chapter" and "Three Kingdoms", there are vivid records of Hua Tuo's medical practice. In addition to his invention of Ma Fei Powder, the first laparotomy, and superb acupuncture technology.

There are a large number of cases about Hua Tuo's diagnosis ability and divine prediction of disease prognosis. For example, the wife of the Prime Minister of Ganling was six months pregnant and had abdominal pain and uneasiness. Hua Tuo checked her pulse and said, "The fetus is dead." He sent someone to touch and determine the location. If it was on the left, it was a boy. If it's on the right, it's a baby girl. Someone replied "on the left", so Hua Tuo gave her some decoction, and her wife had a miscarriage. Sure enough, she gave birth to a fetus in the shape of a boy, and she recovered immediately.

This is an accurate diagnosis of the disease. Another example is Yin Shiku, a county official, whose hands and feet are hot and dry, his mouth is dry and his tongue is dry, and he has difficulty urinating. Hua Tuo said: "Try to eat hot food. If you sweat, you will recover; if you don't sweat, you will die within three days." So he immediately tried to eat hot food without sweating. Hua Tuo said: "The vitality of the five internal organs has been cut off." In the body, one cries and dies. "It is exactly as Hua Tuo said. Hua Tuo not only diagnosed accurately, but also judged the prognosis of the disease very accurately. He said that the county official Yin Shiku died within three days, which was true.

Ni Xun and Li Yan, officials of the government, also came to see a doctor at the same time. They both had headaches and fever, and they had the same symptoms of illness. Hua Tuo said, "Ni Xun should purge the disease, and Li Yan should sweat away the disease." Some people have raised questions about these two different treatments. Hua Tuo replied: "Ni Xun has an external syndrome and Li Yan has an internal syndrome, so different methods should be used to treat them." He immediately gave them medicine respectively, and waited until they both recovered the next morning and got up together. .

From the above examples, we can see that Hua Tuo’s miraculous medical skills are based on accurate diagnosis, accurate treatment, and accurate prognosis. Judging from his sincere sincerity and straightforward attitude towards every patient, he has no selfish thoughts towards his patients. When informed of the condition, the patient is hit to the nail on the head. If the patient can be cured, he will be cured. If the patient cannot be cured, he will be directly informed of the prognosis and will never hide anything.

4. The death of Hua Tuo. There is no doubt in history that Hua Tuo died at the hands of the great hero Cao Cao. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a novel. It is not credible to say that Hua Tuo wanted to cut open Cao Cao's head to extract saliva and was killed by the suspicious Cao Cao. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty. Hua Tuo Chapter" says that Hua Tuo's reputation as a god spread far and wide, and many people recommended Hua Tuo to Cao Cao for his superb medical skills and his good treatment of various difficult and complicated diseases. This aroused Cao Cao's appetite, so he summoned Hua Tuo and asked him to always stay by Cao Cao's side. Cao Cao was tortured by headaches. Whenever he had an attack, he would be confused and his eyes would be dim. Hua Tuo could heal the pain just by giving him acupuncture.

Although Hua Tuo had excellent medical skills, he could not cure all difficult diseases. From the above-mentioned large number of diagnosis cases, we can know that if the patient he faces is a commoner, he will definitely tell his prognosis bluntly as soon as possible. But when Cao Cao suffered from a headache, his acupuncture could only relieve it, but there was no cure. He happened to face Cao Cao, a generational tycoon who held the power of life and death. He had to be scrupulous and dare not speak out. Cao Cao asked Hua Tuo to stay with him and treat him personally. He served in Cao Cao's house for two months. Hua Tuo did not tell the truth to Cao Cao, but just said: "Your disease is almost difficult to cure. You need constant treatment to extend your life."

On the one hand, Hua Tuo was away from his hometown for a long time and became homesick. I want to go back and have a look. On the other hand, I want to leave this place of right and wrong as soon as possible. To avoid being unable to step down from the stage and getting into trouble. So he said to Cao Cao: "I just received a letter from home, and I was thinking of going home for a short time." Cao Cao had to allow him to go home. Hua Tuo did not return to Cao Mansion for a long time after arriving home. He used his wife's illness as an excuse and asked for an extension of his vacation many times and refused to come back. Cao Cao sent letters to summon him several times to return home, but he refused. Cao Cao also ordered the counties and counties to send people to send Hua Tuo back. Hua Tuo relied on his talent and arrogance, but he still refused to go on the road. Cao Cao was very angry and sent someone to check: if his wife was indeed sick, he would give her 40 husks of adzuki beans and relax her holiday; if she lied and deceived, she would be arrested and escorted back immediately.

Because Hua Tuo lied, Hua Tuo was escorted to Xuchang Prison and tortured for the crime of punishing Hua Tuo. Xun Yu pleaded with Cao Cao and said, "Hua Tuo's medical skills are indeed superb and are related to people's lives. He should be mercifully pardoned." Cao Cao said, "Don't worry, will there be no such incompetent rats in the world?" Hua Tuo was finally sentenced. capital offense. After Hua Tuo died, Cao Cao's headache was just as Hua Tuo expected, and of course it would not go away. Cao Cao said: "Hua Tuo could have cured this disease. This kid deliberately kept the root of my disease and wanted to use it to improve his status. In this case, if I don't kill him, he will not take my place in the end." Cut off the root cause of the disease."

5. Exploring the cause of Hua Tuo's death.

Hua Tuo, a generation of miracle doctors, was ruined in the hands of the heroic Cao Cao. There are many theories as to the cause of death. According to Cao Cao's last comments to Hua Tuo, in fact, Cao Cao did not have high recognition of his medical skills. Cao Cao said: "Don't worry, will there be no such incompetent rats in the world?". In Cao Cao's mind, Hua Tuo was an incompetent rat. Not worth mentioning. He also believed that Hua Tuo deliberately kept the root of his illness, firstly to promote himself, and secondly, to blackmail Cao Cao into becoming an official. It can be seen here how deep the misunderstanding between the two is. Although Hua Tuo often expressed regret for his medical profession, he did not dare to threaten to serve as an official in Cao Mansion. If this was the case, Hua Tuo would not have to stay in Cao Mansion for two months and then find an excuse to escape. Moreover, Cao Cao was a leader who loved talents.

I think the real reason is: Hua Tuo had already seen that Cao Cao's headache was incurable according to the medical level at the time. His acupuncture could only provide temporary relief, and the headache would only get worse. Heavy until death. But he couldn't or didn't dare to say it. If he did, it would be ruined. His reputation as a miracle doctor would be ruined, and his own life would be at risk. After thinking deeply, the Thirty-six Strategies are the best and walking away is the wisest choice. But in the end he couldn't escape from Cao Cao's grasp. It can be said that Hua Tuo had great medical skills and died because of his medical skills.