Ninety. ——"Warring States Policy·Qin Policy Five"

[Interpretation] A journey of one hundred miles is only half completed after walking ninety miles. This sentence means that things become more difficult to complete as they reach the final stage. Therefore, no matter what you do, you must not relax until it is finally completed, otherwise you will fall short and all your previous efforts will be wasted.

Be true to your word and bear fruit in your deeds. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Zilu"

[Interpretation] What you say must count and you must act resolutely. If you make a promise, you will be respected by others; if you go back on your word, if you are indecisive, you will be despised by others. Result: determined.

Look up and be worthy of heaven, bow and be worthy of others. ——"Mencius: Give Your Heart to Your Heart"

[Interpretation] When you look up, you feel that you are worthy of God; when you lower your head, you feel that you are worthy of others. You must be upright and have a clear conscience. A gentleman is magnanimous. Yang: Raise your head. 怍(zuò): Ashamed.

The best way to nourish your heart is to have few desires. ——"Meng Yu. Do your best"

[Interpretation] Fullness makes you sad, and desire makes you sad. The best way to cultivate your mind and cultivate noble sentiments is to reduce your selfish desires. Desire: lust, greed

If it is violent in one day and cold in ten days, no one will be able to survive. ——"Mencius Gaozi 1"

[Interpretation] The idiom "One violent storm and ten cold" comes from this sentence. The original text is: "Although there are things that are easy to grow in the world, ~, ~, ~. "It means: Even if there is a plant that is the easiest to grow in the world, if it is exposed to the sun for one day and cooled for ten days, none of it will be able to grow. It is a metaphor for working hard for one day and slacking off for ten days. Without perseverance, you will not succeed. Although: even. Bao (Pù): means "exposure", sun exposure. Cold: freezing.

Jade is in the mountains and the grass and trees are moist, and pearls are born in the abyss but they never dry up. ——"Xunzi Encouraging Learning"

[Interpretation] If the jade is hidden in the mountains, even the vegetation on the mountains will appear moist; if the pearls are produced in the abyss, even the shore will not appear dry. If you have knowledge and knowledge hidden in your chest, you will naturally behave well and have extraordinary courage and style. Without inner talent, even if you have a beautiful appearance, you are just an ordinary person.

Haste makes waste. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Zilu"

[Interpretation] If you want to be fast, you will not achieve your goal. Some of Confucius's disciples were officials. Confucius taught them not to rush for success when achieving political achievements. The development of things has its own laws, and learning must be gradual. If you don't lay a good foundation, you won't be able to conquer cutting-edge science and produce results quickly.

If you hear the Tao in the morning, you will die in the evening. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren"

[Interpretation] Knowing the truth in the morning is worth it even if you die at night. This quote illustrates the desire for truth. "Life is precious, love is even more valuable. If it is for the sake of freedom, both can be thrown away." This poem by the Hungarian poet Petofi expresses this idea. The persistent pursuit of freedom and truth can Make people give up their lives.

He who knows himself and his enemy will never be defeated in a hundred battles. ——"Sun Tzu: Planning for Attack"

[Interpretation] A person who understands his own situation and the enemy's situation will not be in danger if he fights a hundred battles. This is a famous saying by Sun Wu, the military strategist of Wu State in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Its scope of application is not limited to the military. As long as it is related to others, whether it is competition or cooperation, there is a problem of knowing yourself and the enemy. Nearly (dài): dangerous.

Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, this is knowing. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng"

[Interpretation] If you know, admit that you already know. If you don't know, you don't know. This is wisdom. Smart people always regard ignorance as known. The last "zhi" (zhì): smart.

No one knows his son better than his father. ——"Guanzi Dakuang"

[Interpretation] No one knows his son better than his father. Zhi: Familiar. Mo: No. If: Like.

A man with lofty ideals and benevolence will not seek to survive to harm his benevolence, but will kill himself to achieve benevolence. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong"

[Interpretation] People with lofty ideals and benevolence are not willing to covet life and fear death and harm benevolence and righteousness. They are always willing to sacrifice their lives to fulfill righteousness. Since ancient times, loyal ministers and righteous men have valued benevolence and righteousness more important than life. Wen Tianxiang is such a man of lofty ideals and benevolence. The two lines of the poem "No one has ever died in life since ancient times, leaving a loyal heart to illuminate history" show that he regards death as home and sacrifices his life to be benevolent.

Confucius said: "When I was fifteen, I was determined to learn; when I was thirty, I was established; when I was forty, I was not confused; when I was fifty, I understood the destiny of heaven; when I was sixty, my ears were obedient; when I was seventy, I followed my heart's desires without exceeding the rules." ——"The Analects of Confucius·For Politics"

[Interpretation] When I was fifteen years old, I was interested in learning; when I was thirty years old, I was confident in speaking and doing things; when I was forty years old, I had mastered various things. knowledge,) will not lead to confusion; at the age of fifty, you will know the destiny; at the age of sixty, as soon as you listen to other people's words, you can distinguish between true and false, and distinguish right from wrong; at the age of seventy, you can do whatever you want, and no thought will go beyond the rules. This is a general summary of Confucius's lifelong learning and cultivation in his later years. It shows that he never stopped learning and cultivation throughout his life, and made great progress every once in a while until he reached the highest level in his later years. For thousands of years, countless people have used this passage as a motto to encourage themselves. Among them, "erli", "not confused", "knowing fate" and "earshun" have become synonymous with thirty, forty, fifty and sixty years old respectively and are widely circulated.

[Famous quotes from the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties]

When hundreds of rivers reach the sea from the east, when will they return to the west? If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable. ——"Han Yuefu·Long Song Xing"

[Interpretation] Time is like a river flowing eastward into the sea, never to return; if a person does not study hard when he is young, he will achieve nothing when he is old, so he has to Leave time for sadness and regret. Life accumulates into days, days into months, and months into years, which seems to last forever. When I was young, I looked forward to growing up. I often felt that life passed slowly and the days ahead were long. In fact, time flies like an arrow, and the sun and the moon fly by. If you let it go by, you will give up day after day, year after year, and it will be too late to regret it.

Seeing is better than hearing a hundred times. ——Han Ban Gu's "Han Shu·Zhao Chongguo Biography"

[Interpretation] No matter how much you hear, it is better to see it with your own eyes. It means that what you see is more reliable than what you hear.

They are born from the same roots, so there is no need to rush into conflict. ——Liu Yiqing, Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, "Shishuo Xinyu·Literature" (Cao Zhi's "Seven-step Poetry")

[Interpretation] (Douqi and beans) are originally born from bean roots, (Douqi) Burning) Boil the beans, why is it so urgent? It is a metaphor for brothers who press too hard and harm each other, which violates the laws of nature and is intolerable to common sense. Warn people not to do things that hurt relatives and make enemies happy. According to "Shishuoxinyu·Literature", after Cao Pi became emperor, he always resented his talented brother Cao Zhi. Once, he ordered Cao Zhi to compose a poem in seven steps. If he didn't do it, he would be punished. will be put to death. Before Cao Zhi finished the seven steps, he composed a poem, which later generations called the "Seven Steps Poetry". The four widely circulated sentences are: "Boiled beans turn into bean sprouts, and the beans weep in the cauldron. ~, ~." Beans (qí): refers to the beanstalk.

Disease enters through the mouth and disaster comes out of the mouth. ——Fu Xuan of Jin Dynasty, "Fu Zi·Kou Ming"

[Interpretation] Diseases are eaten from the mouth, and disasters are spoken from the mouth. This sentence warns people to be cautious when speaking, as careless speech will lead to disaster. Be careful not to talk too much in life. Talking too much will lead to mistakes. Fu Xuan: (217-278) Western Jin Dynasty philosopher and writer. He is the author of "Fu Zi" and "Collection of Fu Xuan". During the Ming Dynasty, someone collected his works into the "Collection of Fu Quai Gu". Motto: A motto about the mouth.

If you don’t enter the tiger’s den, you won’t get its cubs. ——Fan Ye of the Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, "The Book of the Later Han·Ban Chao Biography"

[Interpretation] If you don't enter the tiger cave, you won't be able to catch the little tiger. It is a metaphor that you cannot achieve significant success without personally entering dangerous situations. It also means that it is difficult to obtain true knowledge without practice. No: also used as "Yan".

Sweet melons hold bitter stems, and jujubes grow thorns. ——Anonymous Han Dynasty's "Ancient Poetry· Sweet Melon Holds a Bitter Pediment"

[Interpretation] The melon is sweet, but it has a bitter melon pedicle; the jujube is beautiful, but it grows on thorns. It is a metaphor that everything in the world cannot be perfect.

The lonely calf touches the breast, the arrogant son scolds his mother. ——Fan Ye of the Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Qiu Lan Biography"

[Interpretation] A cowboy who gives birth to only one child, slams the cow's milk hard when sucking, and spoils the child. Will scold parents. When a calf is sucking milk, it rams the cow's milk vigorously in order to absorb the milk. It does not mean to contradict the mother. This reminds us of the arrogant son's opposition to his parents, which shows that the only child is overly doted on, which will only encourage his arrogance. , the result is the opposite.

The melon field does not accept shoes, and the plum blossoms do not hold the crown. ——"Collection of Yuefu Poems·A Gentleman's Journey"

[Interpretation] When passing the melon field, don't bend down to pick up your shoes; when walking under the plum tree, don't raise your hands to tidy up your hat, lest others suspect you of stealing melons and picking plums. This is used to explain that when doing anything, you must pay attention to avoid places where suspicion may easily arise. "Northern History·Yuan Yuxiu Biography": "The ancients were cautious about melon fields in the season. If you are willing to do this, you will not be blamed." This is the truth.

Forgetting the country and home, and forgetting public affairs and private interests. ——Han Ban Gu's "Han Shu·Jia Yi Biography"

[Interpretation] Forgetting one's own small family for the benefit of the motherland, and forgetting personal interests for the benefit of the public. Dayu was very busy with flood control work. He passed by his house three times without going in to take a look. This is a legend. Lei Feng served the people wholeheartedly and became a good example for people across the country to learn from.

Too much is not enough, and to have more than enough is not enough. ——Han Jia Yi's "New Book·Rong Jing"

[Interpretation] Overdoing everything is just like not doing enough. Overdoing and underdoing are both bad. Everything needs to be done in a measured way. If the truth takes a small step forward, it will turn into a fallacy.

Huma relies on the north wind and crosses the southern branches of the bird's nest. ——Anonymous Han Dynasty's "Ancient Poetry·Xing Xing Xing Xing Xing"

[Interpretation] Horses in the north are attached to the north wind, and birds in the south nest in the branches facing south. It is a metaphor that it is difficult for people to forget their homeland. Hu: The collective name for the ethnic minorities in ancient northwest my country. Yue: Baiyue, the collective name for all the ethnic groups in the south and southeast of my country in ancient China.

It is better to accumulate tens of millions of money than to possess only a few skills. ——Yan Zhitui, Northern Qi Dynasty, "Yan Family Instructions Encouraging Learning"

[Interpretation] Accumulating tens of thousands of family assets is not as good as learning a small skill. This sentence shows that a person cannot live on his family's property, but should learn some skills, master the means of making a living, and be able to support himself, so that he can be reliable. Today, we talk about learning to live, learn to learn, and learn to be a human being, of which learning to live is the minimum. Bo skills: small skills, often used to describe one's skills modestly.

Remember the good deeds of others and forget the faults of others. ——Jin·Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms·Shu·Qin Mi Biography"

[Interpretation] You should remember the good aspects of others and forget the faults of others. In real life, many people tend to remember the faults of others and the bad things others have done to them; and they tend to forget the good things about others and the kindness others have done to them.

With sincerity, gold and stone are opened. ——Fan Ye of the Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, "The Book of the Later Han·The Biography of Wang Jingsi in Guangling"

[Interpretation] Wherever a sincere heart goes, even things as solid as gold and stone will be opened. The Foolish Old Man moved the mountains and moved the Jade Emperor; Cheng Meng Lixue moved the teacher; Wei Wei's song "Devotion of Love" moved countless Chinese people. Chengmen Lixue: refers to respecting teachers and respecting the Tao. Cheng: Cheng Yi, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty. He originally did not want to accept a disciple. Once, he was moved by two scholars who were standing in the snow and waiting hard and agreed to accept them as his disciple.

Quietness cultivates one’s character, frugality cultivates virtue. ——Zhuge Liang, "The Book of Commandments" of the Three Kingdoms, Shu,

[Interpretation] Use tranquility to cultivate your body and mind, and use frugality to cultivate your virtues. When studying and doing knowledge, you must calm down. Mr. Wen Yiduo studies knowledge without looking into the garden, which is inseparable from the word quiet. The famous special teacher Wei Shusheng teaches students to practice Qigong in order to enable students to enter tranquility. When you enter silence, you can relax, and when you relax, you can think. Frugality is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, and all virtues come from frugality. If a person lives a luxurious and extravagant life, can he still be of any benefit to others and society?

The one who is close to vermilion is red, and the one who is close to ink is black. ——Fu Xuan of Jin Dynasty, "Collection of Fu Quai Gu·Prince Shao Fu Zhi"

[Interpretation] Things close to cinnabar will turn red, and things close to ink will turn black. It is a metaphor that getting close to good people can make people become good, and getting close to bad people can make people bad. The environment can influence and change people's habits. Make a bad friend and you will unknowingly become bad friends. Therefore, the ancients emphasized that they must choose good neighbors at home and virtuous people when making friends. This is to prevent evil spirits and keep close to upright people! Vermilion: cinnabar, red pigment.

This article is reproduced from: Primary and Secondary School Education Resource Station ( ) Original link: /student/mingyan/200607/8271_3.html