Paul Cézanne Gender: Male Date of Birth: 1839-196 Country: French Overview: A representative of the late impressionist school, he was an important painter from impressionism to cubism. Cezanne was introduced by pissarro to join Impressionism and participated in the first Impressionist Art Exhibition. Some people also belong to post-impressionism according to his style. Cezanne believes that "there is no line, no light and shade, only the contrast between colors." The volume of the object image is expressed from the accurate relationship of hue. " Most of his works are the embodiment of his own artistic thoughts, showing a strong sense of geometry, ignoring the accuracy of the texture and modeling of objects, and emphasizing the thick and calm sense of volume and the overall relationship between objects. Sometimes even give up individual independence and authenticity in order to seek the harmony of various relationships. Cezanne believes: "Painting does not mean blindly copying reality, it means seeking the harmony of various relationships." Since Cezanne, western painters began to express themselves from the pursuit of depicting nature truly, and began to appear various schools of formalism, forming the trend of modern painting. Cezanne's artistic method of pursuing formal beauty provided guidance for the later modern oil painting schools. Therefore, in his later years, Cezanne was highly praised by many painters who were keen on modern art, and he was honored as the "father of modern art". He pursued the form of expression all his life and made new innovations in the use of color and modeling, and was called "the father of modern painting". Among the 19th-century painters who can be regarded as the prophets of exploration painting in the 2th century, Cezanne is the most significant in terms of achievements and influence. He is a lonely man who is seldom understood. He struggled all his life for the idea of using pigments to express his artistic essence. These ideas are rooted in the great tradition of western painting, and even belong to the most revolutionary ideas in art in terms of inclusiveness. Artistic career: Paul Cézanne (1839 ~ 196) was born and died in Aix, and he is the descendant of a small craftsman and businessman whose ancestral home is Piedmont. He studied in primary school and St. Joseph's school first. Because of his father's good luck, he changed from a hat shop owner to a bank manager, and he was sent to middle school to study. In 1858, Paul graduated from middle school with solid basic knowledge, complete religious belief and sincere friendship with his classmate Mirzola, passed the liberal arts graduation examination, and entered the university law school according to his father's wishes. However, he didn't relax his course at the Axe Sketch School. Since 1856, a strong interest has brought him to this school. Although he is diligent. I know more about kindness, but my talent is not high. He is short and fat, and his face with a broad forehead and aquiline nose is not pleasing, but he has bright eyes and quick movements, likes swimming and hunting, and travels far in Yuan Ye. He is also addicted to music. In the student band, he plays the brass tube and the flute with Zola. In 1859, his father bought the Garden of Red Buffon built by Marquis Villar in the 17th century near Aix, and took his wife, son and two daughters there for the summer. Paul arranged his first studio in the villa. He has decided his future: he will be a painter no matter how his father opposes it. His father reserved him the post of heir to the bank manager and warned him with the following words: "son, think about the future!" People will die because of talent, but they have to rely on money to eat. " Angry at this bourgeois outlook on life, Cezanne still had to give in. However, he still paints in secret, paying only limited attention to legal study. Emile Zola, who has settled in Paris, encouraged him to go there, while bankers desperately blocked the plan. In April 1861, the father found that his son really had no business talent, and with the urging of his wife and eldest daughter Mary, he finally gave in with a low complaint. Paul Cézanne came to Paris. He rented a furnished room in Entine Street, studied painting at the Swiss Painting Academy, interacted with Kieyman and Picasso, and continued to maintain friendship with Zola. He struggled to live on the 125 francs his father sent him every month. He can't adapt to the noise of the capital at all, and his early works are far from satisfying himself. He has never been admitted to the Paris Higher School of Fine Arts because: "Although he has the temperament of a color painter, he unfortunately abuses color." He returned to Aix dejectedly, and his father, who was very happy, arranged a position for him in his own bank, but Paul did not sacrifice his brush for engaging in finance, but still painted enthusiastically. He made a funny imitation painting "Four Seasons" on four large wall panels to decorate the hall of Gerd Bufang, and rudely signed the name "Angel" on the painting for recreation. He painted self-portraits and also made portraits for his father. In November 1862, he returned to Paris again. Although he often associates with impressionist painters, he doesn't appreciate them. He is close to Monet and Renoir, but he appreciates the works of Delacroix and Courbet. His paintings at this time were quite romantic, and he brazenly called them "hodgepodge". Others don't like his paintings, and even he doesn't like them. In fact, he has nothing to be happy about. No matter where you go, it doesn't feel pleasing to the eye. He broke off the friendship he had just formed, left the famous painter who once attracted him, and constantly changed his residence. Bored, he left Paris and returned there out of curiosity. He retired to AIX, but soon left there. Whether he was rejected by the official salon in 1866 is unknown. In a word, he returned to AIX gloomily, and in the winter of late 1867 and early 1868, he went to Paris again, of course, in a new place. He appeared in the famous Gebowa Cafe where Manet, Renoir, Stevens, Zola, Cladel, Duranti and others met, but he felt very uncomfortable. His works Sweet Spirits or Afternoon in Naples were unsuccessful in the salon in 1861. In the same year, he met a young female model, Mary Hortense Fugai. Madame Cezanne in a red armchair is a portrait of his wife. In this work, Cezanne completely ignores the characters' personality, psychological state, social status and so on. In terms of expression, it is not described by the traditional method of expressing texture with light and shadow. Instead, he used color modeling to achieve the combination of color and shape that he pursued all his life. The expression of color and form has become the "essence of modeling" that Cezanne pursued all his life. His creative tendency of focusing on the pursuit of artistic form has a far-reaching impact on the emergence and development of western modernist art, so he is called "the father of western modern painting". Although Cezanne was influenced by Impressionism, which was the mainstream of painting at that time, he was indifferent to the effect of light shining on different texture surfaces, but he always insisted on paying attention to the structure and sense of substance of objects and gave up Impressionism in 1877. In his early days, Cezanne mostly used realistic techniques, real and difficult scenes as the theme of his paintings. In his later years, his painting style changed, leaving many gentle, bright and solemn landscapes and scenery paintings with classical attention.