Step 1: Assimilation
I have formed a cognitive model. As soon as the external information comes, I will sort out and filter it to adapt it to my cognition.
For example, if I think you are a bad person, I will automatically delete the message "You are a good person"-and vice versa.
Your own cognitive model is equivalent to the knowledge frame in your mind. The more knowledge frames you have, the more knowledge you can frame, and the smoother the assimilation process.
The real problem is that our original cognitive framework is too small. Using Charlie? In Munger's words, "many people's cognition is nail hammer cognition", that is, holding a nail hammer in their hands, everything is solved with a nail hammer, even though the object in front of them is not a nail at all.
The reason for "hammer cognition" is simple: you have too few tools. When your tool is single, you can't help but use this single tool to deal with a complex and real-time changing world with solidified and aging knowledge, then you will definitely make mistakes.
In response to this phenomenon, Charlie? Munger's advice is to "put all kinds of cognitive models and thinking methods into your mind". When there are enough tools in your tool library, you can always find the right tools to deal with sudden new situations.
Charlie. Munger's suggestion is to continue reading, and of course, he is indeed continuing reading. He has the habit of arriving 45 minutes early for every appointment. On the one hand, he showed respect for each other. On the other hand, he thinks reading for 45 minutes is very efficient.
In fact, most people can understand this truth, but they can't establish their own effective cognition. On the one hand, they have no patience to build their own "cognitive tool library" slowly, on the other hand, they have not completed the second step of learning.
Step 2: Tone
When you take a box to remove something outside the box, you find that it can't be framed, not once, not twice. At this time, you will reflect on "I have a problem with this framework, and I have a problem with this view." At this time, I will try to modify my existing model, which is actually an "iterative" process.
In the process of hue, we will feel a kind of pain, which is equivalent to a "cognitive earthquake" in our minds, that is, the process of forcing you to change your existing model. It is precisely because of this painful feeling that many people have not completed this learning step, and of course there is no way to build their own cognition.
How much we yearn for the enlightenment of "listening to your words is better than reading for ten years". We can get a special weapon quickly and effectively and fill it into our "cognitive tool library" immediately, but any tool must be polished by itself, that is, it must go through the process of hue before it can truly become our own cognitive tool.
If we see a book, our feeling is: Great, it can just solve my problem. That is to say, we have been thinking hard for a long time before we saw this book, and we have been unable to find the answer.
Many people's learning is stuck in the "hue" step, because this step must be combined with active reflection, which tests our subjective initiative on the one hand and our psychological endurance on the other.
Many times, our study is passive. For example, at school, we are urged by our parents and teachers. For example, now we prefer listening to audio rather than reading text. Turning passivity into initiative is a change of mental model, that is, we begin to really understand that learning is for ourselves, not for completing a task.
We prefer to stay in the comfort zone without making any changes. We are surrounded by familiar people and familiar ways of doing things, and Hue wants us to get out of our comfort zone. This change will make us uncomfortable both physically and psychologically. And the process of hue will make us start to fall into self-denial and feel how stupid we used to be. Admitting your past stupidity requires not only cognitive upgrading, but also strong psychological endurance.
Step 3: Balance
"Assimilation" and "hue" are both processes, and a balance should be achieved: the balance between "existing model" and "materials you are in contact with": "Oh, I see, I see" is the balance.
Long-term balance is a kind of comfort zone, especially when "words are happy and everything goes well", which proves that we are still far from the learning state. What we need to do is to "assimilate" some new cognition and expand our cognition through "hue" so as to establish a new "balanced" state.
"Learning", like life activities, is a "balanced state far from the balanced state". Constantly establishing a new state of balance and constantly breaking the balance of the past is proof that we are in a state of learning.
Why do we feel anxious and panic? Because these things from the outside world make our framework feel incompetent and have been subverting your existing mental model, it has become a state of panic.
In order to avoid this panic, we have to start a new round of assimilation-tone-balance, so that our cognition can be continuously upgraded, and finally our cognitive framework can "frame" those external things.
Let's "assimilate" knowledge as much as possible and take "hue" as our cognitive framework, so as to establish a new "balance".