Take a long breath to hide your tears and mourn the hardships of people's lives. -"Li Sao"

For the ideal cherished in my heart, I will not regret it a thousand times. -"Li Sao"

Old Ran Ran came, and he was afraid that his name would not be established. -"Li Sao"

People's livelihood has its own joy, and I am used to it. -"Li Sao"

There is a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down. -"Li Sao"

Don't be sad when you leave, but be happy when you know each other. -"Nine Songs-Think Less about Life"

Birds fly home, foxes die first. -"Nine Chapters of Mourning"

I liked this strange costume when I was young, but it will last forever when I am old. -"Nine Chapters-Involved in the River"

Live with heaven and earth, and shine with the sun and moon. -"Nine Chapters-Involved in the River"

After the emperor died, oranges came to serve Xi. I was ordered not to move. I was born in the south. -"Nine Chapters-Ode to Orange"

Since Bole is not here, what can we do? People's lives are different. -"Nine Chapters-Huai Sha"

The whole world is muddy. I'm alone. Everyone is drunk. I wake up alone. -"Fisherman"

The water in the rough waves is clear, you can hold my tassel. The water in the rough waves is so turbid that it can be used to drown my feet. -"Fisherman"

Sadly, autumn is also angry, and the vegetation is bleak and declining. -"Nine Debates" Song Yu

"Chu Ci", also known as "Chu Ci", is a poetic style created by Qu Yuan, a great poet in the Warring States Period. The works use the literary style and dialect rhyme of Chu area (now around the two lakes) to describe the mountains, rivers and historical customs of Chu area, which has strong local characteristics. In the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang compiled Qu Yuan's works and Song Yu's works "Cheng Qu Fu" into a collection called Songs of the South. It became a collection of poems that had a far-reaching influence on China literature after The Book of Songs.

The original meaning of Chu Ci refers to the writing of Chu, which is gradually fixed into two meanings: one is the genre of poetry, and the other is the name of poetry collection (which also represents Chu literature to some extent). As far as the poetic genre is concerned, it is a new poetic style created by poets represented by Qu Yuan on the basis of Chu folk songs at the end of the Warring States Period. As far as the collection name is concerned, it is a collection of poems written by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty on the basis of predecessors, which includes the works of Qu Yuan and Song Yu, Chu people in the Warring States Period, as well as parodies of Jia Yi, Huainan Xiaoshan, Zhuang Ji, Dong Fangshuo, Bao Wang and Liu Xiang in the Han Dynasty.

The name of "Chu Ci" first appeared in Historical Records and Biography of Zhang Tang. It can be seen that this name already existed in the early Han Dynasty at the latest. Its original meaning refers to Chu Ci in general, and later becomes a proper name, which refers to the new poetic style represented by Qu Yuan's creation during the Warring States Period. This poetic style has a strong regional cultural color. As Huang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "Everyone writes Chu language, Chu sound, Chu land and Chu objects" (On the East View). At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang collected the works of Qu Yuan and Song Yu, as well as the works of Han people imitating this poetic style. The title is "Song of the South". This is another far-reaching poetry collection in ancient China after The Book of Songs. In addition, because Qu Yuan's Li Sao is a masterpiece of Chu Ci, Chu Ci is also called "Sao" or "Sao Style". People in the Han Dynasty also generally called Chu Ci "Fu". There has been a saying that Qu Yuan wrote Fu in Historical Records, and there are also names such as Qu Yuan Fu and Song Yu Fu in Hanshu Yiwenzhi.

In the Han Dynasty, Chu Ci was also called Ci or Ci Fu. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang collected 16 works by Qu Yuan, Song Yu and Huainan Xiaoshan, Dong Fangshuo, Wang Bo and Liu Xiang in the Han Dynasty, and named them "Songs of the South". Chuci became the name of poetry collection again. Qu Yuan's Li Sao is a masterpiece of Chu Ci, so Chu Ci is also called Sao Style or Sao Style.

The creative background of travel.

As for the author of this poem, Wang Yi, a collator in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later Hong Xingzu's Supplement to Chu Ci were all identified as Qu Yuan. The title of Songs of the South explains: "A passer-by was also done by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan's going straight is not accepted by the world. On the one hand, it was vilified and destroyed, on the other hand, it was framed by laymen, and there was nothing to say. Deep and only one yuan, cultured and indifferent. If you want to help the world, you will have spirit in your heart, a wide range of literary talents, be able to express your strange thoughts, hold immortals, and play with the world everywhere. However, I still miss Chu and yearn for old feelings, loyalty and kindness. It is because the gentleman cherishes his ambition and is awkward. " Since then, scholars of all ages have no objection that the author of this article is Qu Yuan. It was not until modern times that some people expressed doubts. Liao Ping, a Confucian classic scholar, was the first to attack. His "Lectures on Songs of the South" said: "Traveling far away is similar to the gift of an adult." Modern scholars, such as Qu Yuan written by Lu Kanru in his early years and An Introduction to Chu Ci written by You Guoen in his early years, all think that he didn't write travel notes (the view of traveling in his later years has changed), and Guo Moruo's translation of Qu Yuan Fu Modern Times and Liu Yongji's Notes on Qu Fu also hold the same view. However, Jiang Liangfu's annotation of Qu Yuan's Fu and Chen Zizhan's direct interpretation of Chu Ci firmly believe that Yuan You was written by Qu Yuan. To sum up, there are three reasons why Yuan Yuan didn't write a journey: First, there are many similarities in structure and words with Ren Da Fu written by Sima Xiangru in the Western Han Dynasty; The second is that it is full of immortal and real human thoughts; The third is that words frequently attack Li Sao and Nine Chapters. However, both Jiang Liangfu and Chen Zizhan think that the similarity with the structural sentences in Fu only shows that Fu is plagiarized. The description of immortal real people is consistent with the Chu culture atmosphere in which Qu Yuan lives, and the thought of immortal real people is only the shell of this paper, not the main idea; It is not surprising that a person's works have followed the trend since ancient times. Now there is a special article "listing some facts objectively and scientifically from the aspects of style, rhetoric, grammar and rhythm." , thus proving that Yuan You's author can only be Qu Yuan, not others "(Jiang Kun Wu and Xu Hanshu's Distinguishing the Truth by Traveling Far, Selected Works on the Study of Chuci). Therefore, it is basically a conclusion that Yuan You was written by Qu Yuan.

There was a deep contradiction between Qu Yuan and the politics of Chu State at that time. The only way for him to leave this court, which was jealous of the virtuous and persecuted the loyal and virtuous, was to leave. For a minister who loves his country, it is not pleasant to leave Du Ying and travel around. This desire to leave, want to go and want to stay, made him turn his emotions into the poem "Travel Far".