Dong Qichang (1555-1636), whose name was Xuanzai, was a Buddhist with the name of Sibai and Xiangguang. Han nationality, a native of Huating, Songjiang (now Maqiao, Minhang District, Shanghai), was a painter and calligrapher in the Ming Dynasty. In the seventeenth year of Wanli, he was a scholar, and was awarded editing by the Hanlin Academy. He became the official of the Nanjing Ritual Department, and died as "Wen Min". The following is the Dong Qichang cursive calligraphy I compiled for you. I hope it will be useful to you!
Dong Qichang cursive calligraphy appreciation
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Dong Qichang calligraphy introduction
Dong Qichang (1555-1636), the word Xuan. Han nationality, a native of Huating, Songjiang (now Maqiao, Minhang District, Shanghai), was a painter and calligrapher in the Ming Dynasty. In the seventeenth year of Wanli, he was a scholar, and was awarded editing by the Hanlin Academy. He became the official of the Nanjing Ritual Department, and died as "Wen Min".
Dong Qichang is good at painting landscapes, learning from Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, Huang Gongwang and Ni Zan, and his brushwork is delicate, peaceful and spacious. Clean and bright with ink, gentle and dull; Green color, simple and elegant. Buddhist Zen is a metaphor for painting and advocates the theory of "Southern and Northern Schools". He is an outstanding representative of "Huating Painting School" and has the beauty of "Yan Gu Zhao Zi". His painting and painting theory had a great influence on the painting world in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Calligraphy in and out of Jin and Tang dynasties, sui generis, can poetry.
His surviving works include Rock House Map, Eight Scenes in Autumn, Zhou Jintang Map, Bai Juyi's Pipa Journey, the Imperial edict of the Third World, a cursive book of poems, and a postscript to the stacked pictures of the Yanjiang River. He is the author of Essays on Painting Zen Rooms, Collected Works of Rongtai, and Notes on Xihongtang (engraved).
Dong Qichang's calligraphy absorbs the essence of ancient calligraphy, but does not imitate it deliberately in handwriting, and has the beauty of "Yan Gu Zhao Zi".
Dong Qichang's calligraphy achievements are also very high. Dong's calligraphy attainments are the highest in cursive script, and he is also quite conceited about his regular script, especially small script. Although Dong Qichang was in the era when calligraphy was popular in Zhao Mengfu and Wen Zhiming, his calligraphy was not blindly influenced by these two calligraphy masters. His calligraphy combines the calligraphy styles of Jin, Tang, Song and Yuan, and is self-contained. His calligraphy style is elegant and ethereal, and elegant and self-sufficient. The strokes are elegant and plain. Use the pen accurately, always keep a positive front, and there are few pens that are depressed and sluggish; In terms of composition, word to word, line to line, branch layout, sparse and symmetrical, and strive to catch up with the ancient law. The use of ink is also very particular, dry and wet, and it is wonderful. Calligraphy to Dong Qichang can be said to be a masterpiece of ancient methods. The "six styles" and "eight styles" were all refined under his hand. At that time, it was "famous in foreign countries, short in size, and spread among people, vying for treasures." ("Ming history? Wenyuan Biography). Until the mid-Qing Dynasty, Kangxi and Qianlong took Dong's book as the patriarchal clan system, and they admired and favored it. They even copied Dong's book in person, often listed on the right side of the seat and watched it in the morning and evening. Kangxi once wrote a long postscript to praise his ink: "Hua Ting Dong Qichang's calligraphy is very different. Its elegance and roundness are popular between Chu and Mo, which is beyond the reach of many scholars. Every time you are not careful, you will be unique, such as the breeze blowing and weiyun winding, which is quite natural. Taste its structural fonts, all originated from Jin people. Gai's life is mostly in Ge Tie, and in Lanting and Shengjiao, he can get the method of his wrist movement, but the turning of the pen is like a clumsy and clever one. ? Yan Zhenqing, Su Shi, and Mi Fei are good at drawing talents with their grandeur and preciseness, but all of them are from Jin people. Zhao Mengfu is the second king in scale. Its prosperity and origin are one, so it is necessary to copy the ideas of various schools of thought, while the spirit of beauty and embellishment is unique. Cursive scripts are also arranged vertically and horizontally, and I am very appreciative. Its use of ink is wonderful, and the shades are even more unique. "He copied the most, and every time he said that his natural posture and skill were excellent, it was not easy to be good." It is said that Kangxi also personally wrote Dong Shu, which made Dong Shu popular for a while, and there was a craze for all the Manchus to learn Dong Shu. For a while, the pursuit of fame and fortune almost always took Dong Shu as a shortcut to official career. On the occasion of Kangxi and Yongzheng, his calligraphy had a profound influence, which was unmatched by other calligraphers.
Dong Qichang didn't leave a monograph on books, but his experiences and opinions in practice and research are scattered in a large number of inscriptions. Dong Qichang has a famous saying: "Jin people's books take rhyme, Tang people's books take method, and Song people's books take meaning." This is the first time in history that calligraphy theorists have defined the aesthetic orientation of calligraphy in Jin, Tang and Song San dynasties with three concepts: rhyme, dharma and meaning. These views have played a good role in explaining and guiding people to understand and learn classical calligraphy. Dong Qichang was diligent in painting and calligraphy all his life, and enjoyed a long life. Therefore, there are many works handed down from generation to generation, including Bai Juyi's Pipa Journey, Poems of Yuan Keli's Sea City, Imperial edict of III, Cursive Poems Album, Pictures and Postscripts of Yan Jiang's Piles, Ni Kuanzan's Poems before and after Red Cliff, and so on.