1. Praise heroes. The theme of the epic is to praise the heroes of the clan society. Therefore, as long as the heroes represent the ideals of the clan, no matter which side of the war they belong to, they will be praised. The tone of "The Iliad" is to regard war as a legitimate, reasonable and great cause, but at the same time it describes the cruelty of war, the disasters it brings to the people, the people's war-weariness and anti-war sentiments, and through the tragic endings of the heroes , vaguely expressing condemnation of the war.

2. Historical awareness. In addition, and more importantly: in Homer's Epic, the ancient Greeks' original concept of "history" has appeared, and words expressing the concept of "history" have also appeared in some chapters. Although the meaning of this word when used in epic poetry is uncertain, it at least includes the meaning of obtaining the truth through investigation of the testimony provided by eyewitnesses. Later, the word "history" in Greek evolved directly from this meaning.

3. Liberalism. "Homer's Epic" is a large-scale panorama of the early heroic age and a masterpiece of art. It uses the entire Greece and the surrounding sea as the background of the main plot, shows the free scene of liberalism, and provides a basis for future Greeks. Moral concepts (and thus the moral concepts of the entire Western society), set an example. What follows is, first, a humanistic ethics that pursues achievement and self-realization, and second, a liberal theology of the same nature of man and God, which strips away the mysterious fears in the spiritual world. "Homer's Epic" thus became the "Greek Bible."

4. People-oriented. In epics, we can also see the reflection of people-oriented thinking, praising human wisdom, ridiculing the evil of God, praising and praising the world, and despising heaven. This kind of people-oriented thinking is often combined with praising the heroism of national aristocrats. Engels once pointed out that the entire "Iliad" is centered on the dispute between Achilles and Agamemnon over a slave girl. Looting is glorious, and those who dare to plunder are heroes. This ideological trend obviously suited the appetite of the slave-owning aristocracy at that time.