Teaching objectives

(1) Accumulate classical Chinese words, clarify the meaning of the text, recite the text, and understand the inspiration of the article.

(2) Through the students’ self-written and self-acted textbook dramas, they can try to figure out the concise, meaningful, vivid and vivid dialogue descriptions in the articles, and appreciate the expressive effect of using dialogue to depict characters and tailor content in articles.

(3) Understand the principle that studying hard and constantly improving one's knowledge and accomplishments are of great significance to the country and ourselves, so as to encourage students to pay attention to learning and develop a good habit of loving reading.

(4) Comparative reading, compare the similarities and differences between "Sun Quan Encourages Learning" and "Shang Zhongyong", and gradually improve reading ability.

Teaching focus

(1) Learn the usage of some content words and function words in classical Chinese.

(2) Understand the content and purpose of the article.

Teaching Difficulties

1. When reading the text, strive to have both voice and emotion, read out the personality of the characters, and read out the unique meaning of the article.

2. Understand the dialogue between Lu Su and Lu Meng, and appreciate the flavor of this passage.

Teaching ideas

1. Read aloud, translate and read, think about reading, perform reading, and gradually understand the text and understand the psychology and emotions of the characters. Through various forms of reading, such as teacher model reading, student practice reading, role-based reading, etc. In the process of repeated reading, students can understand the meaning of the text, appreciate the dialogue, and cultivate students' innovative and expressive abilities.

2. Comparative reading. Extension and expansion, deepen the understanding of the text content by comparing "Sun Quan Encourages Learning" and "Shang Zhongyong".

3. Participate in teaching and cooperative learning in classroom teaching mode. Divide the whole class into four groups, namely literary knowledge expert group, word expert group, questioning expert group, and famous saying expert group, to collect relevant information about this article and conduct exchanges.

Teaching hours: 1 class hour.

Teaching process

1. Introduction of new lessons

I have a student who always refuses to work hard to study. I advise him to study hard. There are a lot of things to say about yourself, and besides, I don’t want to be a scholar, so I don’t care if I don’t learn. I really want to reason with him, but I don’t know what to say. Let’s see what I should say to him? (After the student answers) Teacher: During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Quan, the king of Wu, also encountered this situation. , do you want to know how he did it?

2. Display and communication.

1. The literary knowledge expert group will show the literary knowledge related to this article that they have collected before class.

2. The teacher shows the literary knowledge he has collected related to this article. (Slideshow)

3. Perception and Understanding

1. Read the text aloud and read it accurately.

(1) Teacher’s Guide. Requirements: Listen to the pronunciation of the characters clearly and read the sentences clearly.

(2) Students practice reading. Requirements: Be familiar with the pronunciation of Chinese characters and practice sentence segmentation.

(3) Students read aloud. Requirements: Read the pronunciation of the characters accurately and read the sentences well.

(4) Read aloud by role. Requirements: read the pronunciation of the characters accurately and read the emotions.

2. Translate and read the text to grasp the overall meaning of the text.

(1) The vocabulary expert group will explain key words and sentences and write on the blackboard. Then students form a group of four, refer to the annotations, and use reference books to understand the words and translate the text.

(2) Competition: Let students learn happily and enjoy learning.

Rules: The whole class is divided into six groups according to seats, and the winning group is rewarded.

Format: Classical Chinese Knowledge Competition. Multimedia display questions are answered by each group's designated students. 10 points are awarded for correct answers and 10 points are deducted for wrong answers.

1. Explain the highlighted words

Why do you want me to become a Ph.D. if you are now in charge of Tu?

What do you think, brother, if you are now in charge of Tu? It's almost too late

But when I dabble in it and see the past after three days of separation, I am even more impressed

Meng Ci passed Xunyang with military affairs and Lu Su

2. Distinguish the ancient and modern idioms

(1) Why do you want your doctor to treat the classics as a doctor (gu, zhi, doctor)

(2) When you dabble, you can see the past (dan, see, past events)

(3) and Lu Su Guo Xunyang (pass)

3. Analyzing the multiple meanings of a word

Dangjiu

Meng Nai, the minister in charge of Tu, is now studying at the beginning of his studies

But when he dabbles in referring to objects and writes poems, he becomes famous immediately

4. Translate the following sentences

a. Mongolia said that the Israeli army has many tasks

b. Why do you want your doctor to become a doctor in classics?

c. When you dabble, you will see the past.

d. The talent you have today is not the same as Ameng who returned to Wu.

e. After three days of separation, the scholars treated each other with admiration. Why did the eldest brother see what happened so late!

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f. You have many things to do, so who is alone?

3. Read the text carefully and understand the content. Ask the students in the questioning expert group to raise questions, and the whole class will discuss and solve them.

Students can speak freely.

Teachers are prepared with the following questions:

1) Question: How did Sun Quan use his own experience to persuade Lu Meng to study?

Discuss and summarize: "Reading alone, you will learn from yourself." I think it will be of great benefit. "

2) Question: What changes occurred after Lu Meng read it? Who wrote it through what he saw and said?

Discuss and summarize: " The talent of Qing Dynasty is not the same as that of Amen under Wu Xia. "It is written based on what Lu Su saw and said.

3) Question: Why "We are even more impressed after seeing each other for three days."

Discuss and summarize: Because the situation is constantly changing, people are also constantly changing, and we cannot Look at people with old eyes. We should look at people and things from a developmental perspective.

4. Read the text.

1) Try to figure out the speaker’s tone and understand the character’s psychology.

a. "You are now in charge of Tu, so you must learn from it!" (The words are serious and sincere, and the warning is sincere.)

b. "Why did Deng want you to become a doctor in classics?" (Rhetorical question, emphasizing that it is not to study Confucian classics and become an academic official who exclusively teaches Confucian classics, but to have other purposes.)

c. "You have many things to do, but I am alone." ?" (Rhetorical question, denying Lü Meng's Ci with multiple reasons. Re-read and emphasize.)

d. "The talents of Qing today are not as good as restoring Wu Xia Amen!" (Exclamatory sentence, select the one you want. Surprised and puzzled tone.)

e. "Brother, why did you see this so late?" (Rhetorical question, with a proud tone in the accusation.)

2) Student performance The textbook drama was reviewed together by the students.

4. Reflection and inquiry:

1. Learning or not learning has brought great changes to Lü Meng. Why do we study "Sun Quan Encourages Learning" today? Could it be that Just to know the words and deeds of the ancients? After knowing this story, as a cross-century generation, what inspiration did you get from it? Can you tell everyone about it?

2. Many students have talked about learning. importance, so what other sayings from the ancients are worth learning from?

The famous sayings expert group showed and explained the reading stories and famous sayings of famous people they collected.

Students can speak freely and discuss.

Teacher summary: In short: knowledge can change people, and knowledge can shape people.

5. Expansion and extension:

1. There are two idioms from this article. Can you find them and make sentences?

2. "Sun Quan's advice" What are the similarities and differences in content and writing methods between "Learning" and "Shang Zhongyong"?

Clarity: From the content point of view, both articles are related to learning, but they are exactly the same and explain it from different aspects. Understand the importance of learning. Lü Meng was a middle-aged scholar who was eager to learn and achieved success in his studies; Zhong Yong was a young man who did not study and accomplished nothing.

From the writing point of view, "Sun Quan Encourages Learning" is mainly dialogue, with side descriptions to show Lü Meng's progress; while "Shang Zhongyong" uses events to reason, narrating first and discussing later. The importance of learning.

6. Summary and assignments:

1. Summary: This article tells us the truth of "opening the book is beneficial" through the story of Sun Quan advising Lu Meng to study, and Lu Meng making great progress after studying. This article is mainly based on dialogue. In just a few sentences, people can understand the tone, expression and psychology of the characters when they speak.

2. Homework: After class, everyone should read the text thoroughly and let it become their own knowledge reserve. In addition, we have just compared "Shang Zhongyong" with this article, so please use "Fang Zhongyong's Chance Encounter with Lu Meng" as the title, expand your imagination, and write a composition. There is no limit to the style and number of words, as long as you feel that it expresses your meaning.

▲Lesson preparation materials:

1. In the story of the Three Kingdoms, there is a story about Liu Bei borrowing Jingzhou and never returning it. I think everyone is familiar with it. Later, Sun Quan and Lu Su both wanted to return to Jingzhou, but they were unable to do so. In the end, Lu Meng used clever tricks to recapture Jingzhou from Shu Han, and also caused Guan Yunchang to defeat Maicheng and pass away with regrets; Shu Han went from prosperity to decline.

This shows the importance of learning.

2. Young and eager to learn, like the rising sun; strong and eager to learn, like the light in the sun; old and eager to learn, like the brightness of a candle.

"Shi Kuang's Theory of Learning"

3. Che Yin's family was poor and could not get oil often, so in summer, he would fill a practice bag with dozens of fireflies to illuminate the book, day and night. . Jizhang? It has a reputation as a folk song. ?At that time, Weiyin and Wu Yinzhi were famous for their poor erudition.

Night and day, the fireflies are covered with snow (the fireflies reflect the snow)

4. Reading history makes people wise, reading poetry makes people intelligent, calculation makes people precise, and philosophy makes people profound. Morality makes people noble, logic and rhetoric make people eloquent.

Bacon

5. A day’s plan starts in the morning, a year’s plan starts in spring, and a life’s plan starts with diligence. As your studies gradually accumulate, you will be successful, and you will reap the benefits without realizing the hard work; if your career accumulates gradually, you will achieve success, and you will receive the blessings without realizing the hardships.

?Chu Huchen's "On Personality Cultivation"

6. Introduction to the author's works: This article is selected from "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", and the title was added by the editor. "Zizhi Tongjian" is a chronological general history compiled by Sima Guang, which records the historical events from the Warring States Period to the Five Dynasties in 1362 years. Sima Guang (1019-1086), courtesy name Junshi, was a politician and historian from the north.

7. Famous quotes about reading.

Read thousands of volumes and write like a master.

The book will become less useful when it is used.

If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable.

Tomorrow comes tomorrow, and there are so many tomorrows.

Don’t wait and see when your young head turns gray and you are filled with sorrow.

Isn’t it a joy to learn and practice from time to time?

Travel thousands of miles and read thousands of books.

If you want to see a thousand miles away, take it to the next level.

Knowledge is power.

Books are the ladder of human progress. Books are the nutrition of the world.