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Source: Cao Zhi's Luo Shen Fu in Han Dynasty
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Original text:
In Huang San, Yu moved the capital to Luochuan. The ancients said: The name of water god is Fu Fei. Feeling Song Yu's concern for the goddess Chu, he wrote a poem. Its words say:
I returned to Dong Fan from Beijing, carrying a Bian Que on my back, crossing the shaft and the valley, and came to Lingshan. The sun sets in the west and the car is in danger. Second, taxes have promoted Gao, Zhitian, Luochuan. Therefore, the essence is dynamic and suddenly comes to mind. You can't see it when you look down, but it's different when you look up. I saw a beautiful woman, on the bank of the rock. But he helped the protector of the empire and told him, "Do you trust him? Who is he, if this is gorgeous! " The coachman said to him, "I have heard of the God of Heluo, whose name is Fu Fei. But the king saw nothing! What is its shape? I am willing to listen. "
I told him: Its shape is also beautiful, as graceful as Youlong. Glory Qiuju, Song Chun, Hua Mao. Beards and beards are as light as Yun Zheyue, and they float like snow with the wind. Looking from a distance, if the sunrise rises; If you are forced to check it, it will burn like a wave. If you are satisfied with the fiber, you will shorten the fit. If the shoulders are cut, the waist is as good as the elements. Neck stretching looks good, and its quality is exposed. If you don't add Fang Ze, you will get rich in lead. The clouds are towering and the eyebrows are repaired. Red lips are bright outside, white teeth are fresh inside. Bright eyes are good at looking, but not good at helping the right. You look gorgeous and relaxed, you are quiet and relaxed. Tender as water, charming language. Stunning clothes are outstanding, and the bone image should be mapped. The glory of wearing a sweater is the glory of Yao and Bi. Wear jade jewelry and embellish pearls to show off your figure. To practice a long journey of writing is to drag the fog lightly. The fragrance of small orchids lingers in the corner of the mountain. So how can you suddenly jump and travel and play? Leaning on the left, leaning on the laurel flag on the right. I'm busy with my wrist, and I use the mysterious wisdom of turbulent wrasse.
I am happy for my beauty, but my heart is shaking and unhappy. The unscrupulous media greeted Huan and made a speech with the help of microwaves. I hope to be sincere first, and Yu Pei will be understood. The belief of beauty is cultivated, and the practice of a strong man is to reciprocate and understand poetry. Anti-Joan is a kind of harmony, that is, diving into the abyss for a period of time. Pay close attention to your family's money, you are afraid of being bullied by me. I feel that I just gave up my words, but I am hesitant and suspicious. Be calm and calm, and be self-sustaining when cashing.
So Luo was inspired and lost his mind. The divine light is flickering, and at first glance it is yin and yang. To stand out from the crowd, it is not enough to have a body. The practice of pepper coating is very fierce, and the steps are fine and fragrant. Super-long songs are always praised by people, and their voices are sad and long. You are a hodgepodge of souls, and you are a lonely couple. Or play with clean water, or incense, or pick pearls, or pick up jade feathers. From nanxiang's second concubine, I took Hanbin's wandering daughter. Sigh that the melon has no horse, and sing the morning glory alone. Young people are arrogant and arrogant, and they are waiting to repair their sleeves. The body is fast and flying, erratic. Lingbo micro-step, Luo socks dust. If impermanence, if danger, then security; Enter a difficult period, if you go, if you return. Into liquid sperm, smooth and beautiful. If you don't spit, you will be angry. Huarong is graceful, which makes me forget my meal.
So the screen will collect wind, and the waves will calm the river. Feng Yi sings drums and Nu Wa sings. Teng Wenyu was rode away by the police and died with Yu Ming. Six dragons are the first to carry a cloud car. The whale jumps to the hub, and the waterfowl flies to protect it. So I went north, crossed Nangang, took the lead and returned to Qingyang. Lips move to, Chen handover outline. There are different ways to hate people and God, and it is not appropriate to hate the prime of life. Resist Luo Mei's tears, and the tears flow. Mourn the eternal farewell of a beautiful society and the passing of a foreign land. Love each other mercilessly and offer wisdom from the south of the Yangtze River. Although he is in the moonlight, he has a long heart for the king. Suddenly I didn't realize what I had given up, and I was disappointed that God hid the light at night.
So he carried the tomb high on his back and gave it to God. Imagine your last feelings and expect your worries. The complex shape of the dead body can be traced back to the royal canoe. Floating in the long river and forgetting the opposite side, constantly thinking and increasing admiration. Sleepless at night, stained with countless frost. I'll go east when the servant drives. I hate to leave, but I can't.
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Translation:
In the year of Huang San, he made a pilgrimage to Kyoto and returned to Luoshui. The ancients once said that the name of this water god was Fu Fei. I wrote this essay because I felt what Song Yu said to the king of Chu about the goddess. Fu:
I started from Luoyang, passed through Kyoto, and returned to Juancheng, a fief in the east. I crossed a Que Mountain, left it behind, crossed the shaft, crossed the bronze drum and climbed the Jingshan Mountain. At this time, the sun is setting and the car is tired. So he unloaded the car on the grassy shore and fed the horses in the grassy field. Himself strolling in Yanglin overlooking the vast Luochuan. So I won't feel in a trance and my thoughts will drift away. I saw nothing when I looked down. I looked up and found an unusual scene. I saw a very beautiful man standing by the rock. I couldn't help pulling the coachman to my side and saying, "Did you see that man? Who is that, so gorgeous! " The coachman replied, "I heard that the name of Heluo is Fu Fei, but now the king sees her! I want to hear her figure. "
I told him that she was as elegant as a flying swan and a Youlong. As bright as chrysanthemums in autumn and as full as pine trees in spring breeze. She is like a light cloud, floating around like returning air and spinning snow. Looking from a distance, it is as clear as the rising sun in the morning glow; At close range, it looks as beautiful as a new lotus in full bloom between blue waves. She has a moderate figure, a tall figure, narrow shoulders and a thin waist, and fair skin on her beautiful neck. Not fat or pink, the bun is towering like a cloud, the long eyebrows are curved and slender, the red lips are fresh and moist, the teeth are white, a pair of shining eyes are good at looking around, and there are two sweet dimples under the cheekbones. She is elegant and charming, gentle and demure, soft and smooth, and elegant in speech. Luo Shen's costume is gorgeous, and his physique is the same as that in the picture. She is dressed in bright clothes and exquisite as jade. Wearing gold, silver and jade jewelry, the whole body is bling. She was wearing patterned long boots and a misty skirt, wandering on the hillside, vaguely emitting the fragrance of orchids. Suddenly, he floated lightly, playing, leaning against the pheasant on the left and the laurel flag on the right, reaching out on the beach and picking black grass by the water.
I deeply love her beauty, and I feel uneasy and uneasy. Because there is no suitable matchmaker to intercede, we can only send messages by microwave. I hope my sincere heart can precede others. Chen Da, I took Yu Pei and sent her an invitation. Alas, the beauty is really beautiful, polite and good at words. She answered me with Qiong Yu, pointing to the deep water. I am sincere as soon as possible, I am afraid of being cheated by this goddess. I feel that Zheng Jiaofu has met the goddess of dishonesty, and she is depressed, hesitant and hesitant, so she calms down and treats her with courtesy.
At this time, Luo Shen was deeply moved, hovering low, and the divine light flickered and flickered. She raised her light body like a crane, as if she could fly without flying; There is also stepping on a path full of fragrant peppers and walking through the grass of Polygonum multiflorum to let the fragrant gas flow. Suddenly, I sang a long song to express my deep thoughts, and my voice was sad and long. As a result, immortals flocked to various places, some playing in the clear water, some flying in the magical hut, some collecting pearls, and some picking up the feathers of kingfishers. Luo Shen was accompanied by two concubines, E Huang and Nv Ying Nanxiang. She held hands with the God of Hanshui, sighing for the absence of Gougua Star and lamenting for the loneliness of Cowherd Star. Sometimes raise the coat that flutters with the wind, cover the sky with long sleeves and stand for a long time; Sometimes, the body is as light as flying and erratic. She walked on the water waves, and the foam splashed by stockings was like dust. Her movements are irregular, like crisis and leisure; Advance and retreat are unpredictable, like walking and returning. Her eyes were shining, her face was radiant and moist, but her words were already fragrant and dead. Her elegant appearance reminds me of tea and rice.
At this time, Fengshen calmed the evening breeze, Shuishen stopped the waves behind the river, Fengyi drummed, and Nuwa sang a clear song. Feitian Wenyu guarded Luo Shen's car, and the God left with Jingling Yuluan. Six dragons are neck and neck, calmly driving a cloud car. Whales and salamanders prance on both sides of the driver's car, and waterfowl guard around. The car rode over the sandbar in the north and over the hill in the south. Luo Shen turned Bai Jie's neck, gave a delicate look, and his lips were slightly parted, slowly stating the outline of the handover. I only hate the difference between man and god, although we are all in the prime of life and can't get what we want. When I said this, I couldn't help but lift my sleeves and hide my face and cry. I couldn't stop crying and got my skirt wet. The intersection of sadness and joy never ends. Now I am in two places, and I have never expressed my love with subtle tenderness. It can only be given to Mingjun as a permanent memorial. Although I am in the depths of the moon, I always miss the king. Luo Shen said that he suddenly didn't know where he went. I was deeply disappointed. All the spirits disappeared for a while and lost their luster.
So I climbed the mountain with my feet moving, but my heart was still there. I am filled with emotion, imagining the scene of meeting and the appearance of Luo Shen from time to time; In retrospect, it is even more melancholy. Full of hope that Luo Shen would reappear, he drove the canoe upstream in despair. Sailing in the long waterinfo, I forgot to return home, but my yearning for love became stronger and stronger, so that I couldn't sleep all night, and my body was covered with thick frost until dawn. In desperation, I ordered my servant to get ready and set foot on the road of returning to the East, but when I was holding the reins and holding the whip to make plans, I was disappointed and attached, and I couldn't leave.
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Creative background:
According to the Preface, Cao Zhi's Fu was written in the year of Huang San (222). After he entered Luoyang, the capital city, he passed through Luoshui and returned to Juancheng, a fief, "feeling Song Yu's worries about Chu women". Shortly after Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he killed Cao Zhi's close friends Ding Yi and Ding Kuang. After leaving the country, Cao Zhi himself played "the meaning of drunkenness, the meaning of slowing down, threatening the ambassador" for the state supervision, and was demoted to Anxiang Hou, later renamed Juancheng Hou, and later made Juancheng King.
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Appreciate:
Cao Zhi has made outstanding achievements in the creation of poetry and ci fu. His Fu inherited the tradition of lyrical small Fu since the Han Dynasty, absorbed the romantic spirit of Chu Ci, and opened up a new realm for the development of Ci Fu. Luo Shen Fu is an excellent work in Cao Zhi's Ci Fu. Through the dreamlike realm, the author describes the sincere love between man and God in a romantic way, but he is disappointed and separated because of the "different ways between man and God".
This fu has three main characteristics: first, it is rich in imagination. The author set out from Luoyang, the capital, and returned to Juancheng, a fief in the East. On the way, on the edge of Luochuan, I stopped to drink horses. When I was walking, I saw Luoshen. This is imagination. Her posture is swaying like a wild goose, graceful as Youlong in water, more delicious and gorgeous than Qiuju and Maosong, beautiful as sunrise, pure as hibiscus, and absolutely beautiful. Then, he took a fancy to her, sent her a short message from Shui Bo, and made a promise to Yu Pei. However, her holiness and nobility made him dare not expect anything. Luo Shen was finally moved by his true feelings, met and poured out his feelings. But in the end, because of the different ways of man and god, the combination of the two was hopeless, so I said goodbye. The imagination is gorgeous, and the romantic sadness is light and unchanging, which makes people feel sad. However, this kind of imagination is not bizarre, so this poem was written with the feelings of Song Yu's two poems, Goddess Fu and Gaotang Fu.
The second feature is that the rhetoric is gorgeous but not impetuous, and the fresh air is refreshing. Pay attention to the arrangement of duality, antithesis and melody, and the language is orderly, concise, vivid and beautiful. The conception of Han Fu based on materials has no rival. This pen just creates a dull and strange atmosphere. Just as Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden tells the beginning of Wu Lingren's boat trip, the fairyland appeared without any warning in advance. But at this moment, the author suddenly witnessed an unforgettable scene: a pretty woman-Luo Shen appeared. Then the author tries to describe the beauty and pain of Luo Shen, as if he wanted to compete with Song Yu's Wushan Goddess. Then write Luo Shen leading everyone to leave, similar to Qu Yuan's "Lisao" describing the tragic death of the protagonist.
Thirdly, the vivid description, combining metaphor and contrast, is ingenious and appropriate, giving people a grand but not disturbing feeling, beautiful but not shocking, making people feel like watching a wonderful painter, in which the characters are flesh and blood, without making people feel nothingness. When describing Luo Shen's figure, facial features, posture, etc. It conveys the appearance of Luo Shen sinking fish and the ability of falling geese. At the same time, there is a fresh and noble "clear water gives hibiscus, natural carving." In the description of Luo Shen's manner when he saw him, people felt that the Sri Lankan people emerged in front of them and were personable. As for Luo Shen's description when he broke up with him, "the screen gathers wind, the river is quiet, Feng Lai Ming drums, and Nuwa Qing songs." The sincerity and purity of love, everything is so beautiful that after parting, people all go to stay in their hearts and their feelings continue. Luo Shen's beautiful image and the scene when they met each other are vivid, romantic and bitter, and I am uneasy and reluctant to leave.
Predecessors spoke highly of the ideological and artistic achievements of Luo Shen Fu, most obviously compared with Qu Yuan's Nine Songs and Song Yu's Goddess Fu. In fact, Cao Zhi's Fu has both. It not only has a strong lyrical component with Mrs. Xiang, but also has a delicate description of female beauty by Song Yufu. In addition, its plot is complete, its technique is changeable and its form is meaningful, which is beyond the previous works.
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Folklore:
Cao Zhi is talented, well-read and knows everything by heart. At the age of ten, he was able to write poetry and fu, which was quite appreciated by Cao Cao and his aides. At that time, Cao Cao was bent on dominating the country, and Cao Pi was also given an official position. However, Cao Zhi was young and disliked war by nature, so he was able to get along with Zhen Fei day and night, thus giving birth to a feeling. After Cao Cao's death, Cao Pi ascended the throne in the 26th year of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty (AD 220), with its capital in Luoyang, which is Wei Wendi. Wei Jianli. Zhen Shi was made a princess, and she fell out of favor because of her bad color. It is said that when she died, her mouth was stuffed with chaff and her face was covered with hair, which was very miserable.
The year after Zhen's death, Cao Zhi went to Luoyang to see his younger brother. Zhen Housheng's prince Cao Cao accompanied his uncle to dinner. Cao Zhi looked at his nephew and remembered the death of Empress Zhen. His heart is very sour. After dinner, Cao Pi gave Cao Zhi the jade carving gold belt pillow, a relic of Zhen Xuan.
Cao Zhi sees things and thinks about people. When he returned to the fief, he spent the night on the boat. In a trance, he saw Zhen against the wind coming from a distance. Cao Zhi got a fright and woke up. It turned out to be a dream of Conan. Back in Juancheng, Cao Zhi's mind was still churning with the scene of meeting with Luoshui during the Zhenguan period, so he wrote an essay "Feeling" with myriad thoughts. Four years later (AD 234), Ming Di Cao Cao succeeded to the throne for eight years. In order to avoid his mother's anonymity, it was changed to Luo Shenfu.
Due to the influence of this poem, the love tragedy between Cao Zhi and Zhen Shi moved people, and it is said that Empress Zhen was regarded as a goddess of Luo.
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About the author:
Cao Zhi (192-232) was born in Zijian of Peiguoqiao (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province). Cao Wei was a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period and a representative of Jian 'an literature. The son of Cao Cao, Emperor Wudi of Wei, and the younger brother of Cao Pi, Emperor Wendi of Wei, used to be the king of Chen before his death. After his death, posthumous title "thought", so he was also called King Chen Si. Because of their literary attainments, later generations are called "Three Caos" with Cao Cao and Cao Pi, and Xie Lingyun, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, even commented that "there is one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian monopolizes eight fights". Wang Shizhen evaluated the poets who have lived for two thousand years since the Han and Wei Dynasties as "immortals", including Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi.