One of the earliest orphans, who has always been praised, must be the Duke of Zhou, the king. Zhou Gongdan, the fourth son of Ji and Dan, is his half-brother. King Wu died young after pacifying the Shang Dynasty, and his son became a young king, the regent of this country. King Wu arranged for Duke Zhou to entrust an orphan, partly because of his outstanding talent in governing the country. From these measures, it can be seen that Duke Zhou is indeed a good minister in governing the country. On the other hand, it is because Duke Zhou is the same mother and brother of the prince of Wu. In the countries where the Duke of Zhou enfeoffed, the surname of Ji was dominant, which was not unrelated to the fact that the King of Wu chose the Duke of Zhou to entrust orphans to their close relatives.

Duke Zhou successfully completed the task of entrusting an orphan to the king of Wu, assisted the young king of Wu to become king, and stabilized the situation of the newly established Zhou Dynasty. A series of measures he created not only made the Zhou Dynasty spread for 800 years (with a little moisture), but also had a great influence on later generations.

You entrust an orphan to an important official, holding power and acting as imperial power, which will inevitably be criticized. The same is true of Duke Zhou. Zhou Gongdan was regent for six years, and when he grew up to be king, he still ruled as king. The most perfect orphan in history is this.

2. Huo Guang

The prince trained by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for many years was killed in a witchcraft case and decided to preach to Liu Fuling, the son of Mrs. Gou Jian. In fact, as early as Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named Mrs. Gou Jian's residence Shunmu Palace, he probably had this idea. Liu Fuling acceded to the throne at the age of eight. In order to prevent Lv Hou's dictatorship, Emperor Wu also pardoned Mrs Gou Yi's death penalty. Liu Che entrusted the little emperor and the world to Huo Guang, Jin Ridi, Shangguan Jie and Sang Hongyang. Huo Guang is Huo Qubing's younger brother, promoted from Langguan, and Jin Ridi is a descendant of Xiongnu, who came from the position of raising horses. Shangguan Jie came from Yulin Lang and Weiyang stables, and was a servant of Jiuqing who raised horses from the royal family. Sang Hongyang is the main maker of salt and iron policy of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. After Liang Wudi entrusted orphans, after a series of political turmoil, Huo Guang finally monopolized the power. Huo Guang abolished an emperor and established an emperor, whose power was no less than that of any powerful minister in later generations. But Jiangshan didn't change hands after all, or Liu's. In addition to the final death of Huo Guang, the Huo Guang family was destroyed by the family. This time, it was almost perfect.

3. Zhuge Liang

Liu Bei's Baidi City was the most controversial at that time and was talked about by people. "As long as you are ten times as long as xelloss, you can bring peace and stability to the country. Finally. If the heir can make up, he will make up; If he is incompetent, you can be the master of Chengdu. " Whether these words came from Liu Bei's sincerity has been debated by later generations for many years. Unlike The Romance of Three Kingdoms, Liu Chan was not there at that time.

"The History of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu and Zhuge Liang Chuan": "In the spring of the third year of Zhangwu (223), the first master Yu Yongan was seriously ill and called Liang in Chengdu. Later, he said,' You are ten times as talented as Cao Pi, and you will be able to settle down in the world and achieve great things in the end. If the heir can supplement it, supplement it; If he is incompetent, you can bear it yourself. "Bright tears said:' Dare to exhaust its strength, serve loyalty, and then die! The first Lord also wrote a letter to the second Lord, saying,' You are engaged to the Prime Minister just like a father. "

No matter whether this sentence comes from Liu Bei's sincerity or not, judging from a series of measures taken by Liu Bei to entrust an orphan, he did not just entrust the political power to the loyal Zhuge Liang, but let Li Yan and Zhuge Liang assist the government. These measures ensured that Shu Han would not change hands from now on. Entrusting orphans is never entrusting a young master to a serious official, but a series of measures to ensure the alternation of political power. Judging from Zhuge Liang's dedicated service to Shu Han and his untimely departure in Hanzhong, Liu Bei's entrustment is the most touching and affectionate, which can best reflect the friendship between the monarch and the minister.

4. Zhang Zhao

Comparing the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty with other periods of the Three Kingdoms, another successful orphan was Sun Ce who entrusted his younger brother to Zhang Zhao. Sun Ce has just passed away, and Sun Quan is very sad. Zhang Zhao advised Sun Quan: "The husband is the latter, so you should be able to take the lead and make contributions." . Nowadays, the party is full of voices and thieves. Why does filial piety lie in mourning? "He personally helped Sun Quan get on the horse, and Chen Bing came out, and then everyone obeyed Sun Quan. From then on, Zhang Zhao was loyal to Sun Quan until he died at the age of 8 1. Entrust an orphan to be an official, few people have always enjoyed it, and many people have died in politics. It's amazing that Sun Ce entrusted an orphan to Zhang Zhao.

5. Sima Yi

Wu and Wei also entrusted orphans, and everyone must know the result. Cao Rui and Wei Mingdi commanded Cao Zhen, Sima Yi and others to successfully resist the repeated attacks of Wu and Shu, pacify Xianbei and destroy Gongsun Yuan, and made great achievements. Unfortunately, the young master was entrusted to imperial clan Cao Shuang and Sima Yi when he entrusted orphans. In the end, Cao Shuang's indecision and panic during the change of Gao Pingling led to the murder of Cao Shuang himself, the destruction of his family and the abdication of the inheritance initiated by Cao Cao. Since then, Cao Wei has basically become the puppet of Sima's family, until Sima Yan took its place.

6. Hu Yuwen

In the third year of the Western Wei Dynasty (556), he fought with Gao Huan in the Central Plains for several years and died. Yu Wentai, like Cao Cao, monopolized the power before his death, but did not become emperor. When Yu Wentai died, when the philosophers were young, they entrusted the orphans to his nephew Yu Wen, who repeatedly made meritorious military service in the war with the Eastern Wei Dynasty. After Yuwen Hu became Minister of Fuzheng, he helped Yu Wentai's eldest son ascend to the throne. It stands to reason that it should be no problem for a clever nephew to entrust himself, but what he doesn't want is inhumanity. Yu Wenhu killed two clever emperors. Fortunately, Yu Wentai's sons are smarter than others. The fourth son, Yu Wenyong, kept a low profile in 12, carefully planned and finally eradicated the killing of three emperors (and one of them was Gong Di of the Western Wei Dynasty) and Yuwen Hu, the kingslayer. Yu Wenyong, the emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, then wiped out the Northern Qi of Gao Huan's descendants, unified the Central Plains, and completed his father's unfinished business. Unfortunately, Yuwen Yong died young, and his son Yu Wenyun, Xuan Di of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, was a bohemian. At the age of 22, he died prematurely because of excessive debauchery. The little emperor, who was only 7 years old, was later deposed by his spouse, Emperor Wendi Sui ... Yu Wentai's orphans were inhuman, but fortunately, his son was strong enough to bear it. This solitary instruction is the most thrilling and reversible one in ancient times.

7. Sun Chang Wuji

Sun Chang Wuji was a heavyweight of Emperor Taizong and Tang Gaozong Dynasty. He was born in a famous stone family at that time and became a core member of the royal aristocratic circle-Guanlong family very early. He grew up with Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, and always followed Li Shimin. His sister is the wife of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, and she is also a model grandson of successive Empresses.

On May 24th, the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), Emperor Taizong was critically ill. He used the wind to call Sun Chang Wuji to the temple. Emperor Taizong is lying in bed, reaching out and touching Sun Chang Wuji's cheek. Sun Chang Wuji couldn't help crying. On 26th, Emperor Taizong called Sun Chang Wuji and Chu Suiliang to his bedroom. Taizong said, "Prince Renxiao, you know that. I hope you can help me in the future." He also said to Prince Li Zhi: "With two loyal ministers, Sun Chang Wuji and Chu Suiliang, you don't have to worry too much about the world." He also said to Chu Suiliang, "Sun Chang is loyal and wise to me. Sun Chang Wuji made the greatest contribution to the success of the Tang Dynasty. After I die, don't be slandered by villains to sow discord. In times of crisis, we must stand up and protect Sun Chang's promise. " Later, he ordered Chu Suiliang to draft a testament. Soon, Taizong died.

On the first day of June, Prince Li Zhi ascended the throne, known as Emperor Gaozong in history. On the 10th, Emperor worshiped his uncle Mowgli as Qiu, in charge of the affairs of Shangshu and the next two provinces. Sun Chang mowgli knew that his power was too heavy, so he asked to resign from his post in charge of Shangshu Province and Menmen Province, and the emperor agreed to his request. However, Qiu and Tong Zhongshu are still the three products.

In 659, in the fourth year of Qing Dynasty, Xu and others were instructed by Wu Zetian to weave Wuji into a nepotism case, framed it politically, and pretended to play Yuan Ji, the eldest grandson, waiting for an opportunity to rebel. Tang Gaozong didn't confront Sun Chang Wuji (or he needed to confront him), so he cut off the office and fief of Sun Chang Wuji and moved to Guizhou, and the son and clan of Sun Chang Wuji were implicated or killed. Three months later, the emperor ordered Xu and others to compound the case and sent Yuan from Dali to Ganzhou, forcing Wuji to commit suicide. In this way, this once-in-a-lifetime minister who entrusted orphans withdrew from the historical stage in such a very disgraceful way.

7.guo wei

Liu Zhiyuan. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the Emperor of the Later Han Dynasty was founded, and when the Khitan destroyed the latter Jin Dynasty, Guo Wei and Shi persuaded Liu Zhiyuan to proclaim himself emperor and became the founding hero of the Later Han Dynasty. When the country was first established, Guo Wei made suggestions for Liu Zhiyuan in various aspects, which made the post-Han regime stable rapidly. As an etiquette, Guo Wei was appointed as the minister of entrust an orphan to Liu Zhiyuan when he died, and Cheng You acceded to the throne, serving as the Tang envoy for the later Han Dynasty and Guo Wei, and holding the military and political power.

At that time, Li Shouzhen, Zhao Siwan, Fengxiang, Jingchong Wang and our time were all by the river, and they rose up and rebelled successively. The imperial court sent troops to crusade many times, but all failed.

Yin Di Liu Chengyou ordered Guo Wei to lead his troops to fight. When Guo Wei reached the middle of the river, he erected a fence and built a base. Li Shouzhen broke through many times and was defeated. After a long stalemate, all the food and grass in the city were exhausted. Guo Wei then ordered an attack on all sides and entered the city at one stroke. Li Shouzhen set herself on fire and died. Yongxing and Fengxiang surrendered one after another, which turned the crumbling post-Han regime into safety. After that, Guo Wei moved to the Northern Expedition, defeated the Khitan, made great contributions and sealed the powers to stay behind, and the Tianxiong army made it for us, and the counties in Hebei listened to Guo Wei's restraint.

Yin Di and his minions in the later Han Dynasty were very suspicious of Guo Wei and other meritorious generals. So Yin Di conspired with Ye Li, a close confidant, and ordered Ma Jun to command Guo Chong to kill Xuan Hui, Wang Jun and Guo Wei. Li Hongyi ordered Zhenning Army to kill Wang Yin, the captain of the bodyguard, in order to wipe out the former general's power in one fell swoop. Unexpectedly, Li Hongyi secretly showed it to Wang Yin. Wang Yin immediately sent someone to Guo Wei for help. Guo Wei saw that things were urgent, that is, he adopted the plan of counselor Wei Renpu and forged letters, claiming that Yin Di ordered Guo Wei to kill your general. So the public was furious and elected Guo Wei as the "Qing Jun side" of the Crusaders.

When Yin Di saw that Guo Wei rose to revolt, he sent troops to resist Guo Wei. At this time, however, Guo Wei was in power and had a good reputation. Our towns opposed Guo Wei in succession, and Yin Di was killed by Guo Yunming in Zhaocun. Guo Wei led troops into Beijing and sent people to assassinate Liu Zongshi, who wanted to succeed him as emperor, and forced the Queen Mother to listen to politics and supervise the country with Guo Wei. In the first month of the following year, Guo Wei officially proclaimed himself and changed his title to Zhou.

8. Zhang

In the first year of Qin Long (1566), after Zhu Houzong's death, Zhu Zaihou, son of Wang Yu, the Ming emperor of Jiajing, ascended the throne as Mu Zong, the Ming emperor of Qin Long. As an old minister and confidant, Zhang was appointed as a left assistant minister in the official department and a university student in Dongge, and joined the cabinet to participate in politics. In the same year, he moved to be the second assistant of the cabinet, and was a college student in the official department and Jianjitang. At this time, he has not forgotten the song Mao Feng Cong Jin Jie, which he wrote as early as 13, and now he finally "goes straight to the finish pole" in the secret match. In the sixth year of Qin Long (1572), Ming Muzong died of illness, and Zhu Yijun, the eldest son, succeeded Ming Shenzong, the emperor of Wanli. Before his death, Ming solemnly entrusted the orphans, and Zhang, the appointed teacher, took over from Gao Gong as a record and assisted the new king, who was a very important minister. At that time, Zhang's students were only a few years old, young and ignorant, and all military and political affairs were in the charge of Teacher Zhang. Until June 20th, the 10th year of Wanli (1582), Zhang, a cabinet record, a surname and a university student of Zhongji Temple, died. He has been in the high position of prime minister for 10 years!

During Zhang's ten years in power, he gained the right to serve the country, but his right was lost. In power, Juzheng and Zongshen became opposites. Zhang's loyalty to state affairs and monopolizing power is a manifestation of contempt for the country in the eyes of the gods.

On the fourth day after Zhang's death, seven famous officials framed and impeached Sheng Pan, and God ordered Pan Zhishi. Sheng Pan was recommended by Zhang before his death, and his stepping down marked Zhang's fall from grace. The official also pointed the finger at Zhang. So Zongshen ordered the looting of property and reduced the rank of officials in the palace, forcing him to seize the imperial edict given to him when he was living under the same roof as four generations, and to show the world his crimes. And Zhang also narrowly escaped being whipped. When his family starved to death or exiled, Wanli stopped further persecution under the pressure of public opinion. When Zhang was alive, a group of officials were dismissed or abandoned.

9.Fan Ju and wang pu

Another emperor, Chai Rong and Zhou Shizong, who were very similar to Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, turned the latter Zhou Dynasty into a powerful country with unified national strength. However, when Chai Rong successively won the battle against Liao, he died young and failed. Young master Chai Zongxun is only seven years old. When he died, he entrusted an orphan to Prime Ministers Fan Ju and wang pu. These two literati never played Beowulf Zhao Kuangyin, and finally Zhao Kuangyin got a yellow robe. It took Zhao Kuangyin 20 years to unify the whole country with the foundation laid by Chai Rong, much like Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty.

Ao Bai 10

The emperor shunzhi died young, and Kangxi was only 8 years old. Shunzhi entrusted the orphans to Sony, Qiba Bilong, Suksaha and Ao Bai. Sony died first, and Ao Bai got rid of Suksaha, suppressed Zieba Bilong, and was able to monopolize power. Ao Bai's auxiliary government basically completed the strengthening of the Qing army's rule in China after it entered the customs. Ao Bai made a great contribution to the Manchu rule, (for the Han people ...), but he was also dissatisfied with Kangxi because he bullied the weak and feared the hard and acted arbitrarily, and was finally removed by Kangxi. In the fifty-second year of Kangxi, Michelle Ye was in his later years, and he still remembered Ao Bai's contribution. Once, he summoned Baylor's ministers, that is, the kings, and said, "If I don't say something, no one will dare to say it, and I don't know about it." It specifically mentions that "among the ministers serving in North Korea, there is no one except Ao Bai Batulu ... Ao Bai has made outstanding contributions and deserves a position". Therefore, Kangxi was similar to Yuwen Yong, and after forbearing, he dismissed the powerful minister. Although Ao Bai was overbearing, he was not Emperor Wen of Sui, nor did he want to replace his Yuwen Hu. This time, danger and light coexist.

1 1, Xianfeng 8 assistant minister

Emperor Xianfeng was called the "four noes" emperor with no vision, courage, talent and inaction by later generations. Before he succeeded to the throne, he was under pressure from the later Prince Gong. After he ascended the throne, many things happened in the world, including the Taiping rebellion and the invasion of Britain and France. When the British and French allied forces attacked Beijing, Xianfeng "traveled to Chengde" and died in the summer resort. At this time, the only heir, the future Tongzhi emperor, was only 6 years old. Xianfeng appointed eight ministers, including Zai Yuan, Duan Hua, Jing Shou, Su Shun, Yin Mu, Kuangyuan, Du Han and Jiao Youying, as ministers of life and entrusted them to orphans. He also gave the Queen and Yi Guifei two seals representing imperial power, hoping that they would contain each other. Then Cixi and Prince Gong jointly staged a coup, and Cixi monopolized the power and began to rule China for nearly half a century. ...