Yu Meiren Li Yu-Italic Original Works Atlas Yu Meiren (Li Yu) When is the Moon in the Spring and Autumn Period? How much do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon. Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? Like a river flowing eastward. Yu Meiren Li Yu-Annotation Translation Annotation 1. End: end. 2. Old Country: A guide to Jinling (now Nanjing), the old capital of the Tang Dynasty. 3. Masonry: steps. Carved fence and jade: refers to South Tang Palace in Jinling. It should be static: a "static". Zhu Yan has changed: This means that the person you miss is aging. 5. Jun: The author calls himself. Capable: or "all", "that", "return" and "deny" When will the year end? Think of a lot of things in the past! The east wind of spring blew from the small building last night, and I couldn't bear to look back and miss my old country in the moonlight. The finely carved railings and jade steps should still be there, but the ladies-in-waiting are old. Ask me how much sadness I can have. Like a river flowing eastward. Yu Meiren Li Yu-Creation Background This word and "Waves and Sand Rain Outside the Curtain" were written before Li Yu's poisoning, which was the third year of peaceful rejuvenation of the country by Emperor Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty (978). At that time, Li Yu had been in the Song Dynasty for nearly three years. In the eighth year of Song Taizu Kaibao (975), Song Jun attacked Jinling, the capital of Nantang, Li Yufeng surrendered and Nantang perished. Three years later, that is, three years of peaceful rejuvenation, Xu Xuan was ordered by Song Taizong to visit Li Yu, and Li Yu sighed at Xu Xuan: "I regret killing Pan You and Li Ping by mistake!" It is probably in this state of mind that Li Yu wrote the word "Yu Meiren". [1] Li Yu, Yu Meiren-Appreciating this masterpiece is really unique in art. From beginning to end, questions are asked in a question-and-answer way to answer questions, and the poet's psychological activities are engraved in a high-pitched and fast tone. Many people think "Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon" is beautiful, but Li Yu, a late master who lived like a prisoner, was very unhappy after seeing it. He really complained to heaven: spring flowers and autumn moons bloom every year, all the year round. When will it be finished? Strange words split empty, curious to ask! However, considering the situation of the late master, he has despaired of life, so he is not tired of endless flowers and months, and his feelings are extremely tragic. In the face of endless spring flowers and autumn moons, the late monarch could not help sighing that human life is gone forever. So he turned to ask people, "How much do you know about the past?" Suddenly turning to social reality, "the past" naturally refers to when he was emperor in the Southern Tang Dynasty, but everything in the past is gone, gone, and becomes an illusion. He deeply lamented the impermanence of life. "The small building was easterly again last night", so I shrank my pen and swallowed. "East Wind Rises Again" renamed him Song, and another year passed. The passage of time triggered his infinite emotion. How do you feel? "The old country is unbearable to look back on the moon!" The call sign of putting down the pen is a deep sigh. In the dead of night, people imprisoned in small buildings lean in the distance and look at the land immersed in silver light. How many thoughts and sorrows of the old country come to mind, and I can't bear to look back. "The old country is unbearable to look back on the moon!" He completely expressed his hatred of national subjugation with the tone of a monarch who lost his country, showing the director's unrestrained character and his pure and deep feelings in the later period. "Carved jade fences should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them." He looked at the south and lamented that the "carved column" and "jade building" may still be there; It's just that the sentient beings who once made fun by the wall are no longer the charm of that year. The exclamatory tone of the word "just" conveys an infinite sense of regret. "The voice of national subjugation mourns", because of national subjugation, Li Yu was reduced from the king of a country to a prisoner under the order. He lost his happiness, his dignity, his freedom and even his sense of security, which caused his regret, his nostalgia and his painful taste of the changes in the country and his life. The composition of the above six sentences is three comparisons, and the sentences come down in one continuous line. Repeatedly comparing the eternal universe with the impermanence of life is full of philosophical meaning and deep feelings. For example, the first two sentences use the impermanence of how many "past events" in the world to compare the spring flowers with the autumn moon. The third sentence, the east wind came in the small building last night, and the east wind came again, echoing the first sentence "When will the spring flowers bloom" and contrasting with the vagaries of the fourth sentence "The old country is unbearable to look back". The fourth sentence "I can't bear to look back" echoes the second sentence "How much I know about the past". The following five or six sentences are compared with "Carving fences to make jade should still exist" and "Zhu Yan Reform". In these six sentences, "Dangshi" and "Dongfeng" should still come down in one continuous line, specifically, the universe will never change; How much is known about the past, I can't bear to look back, and Zhu Yan has changed are also in the same strain, focusing on the impermanence of life. In this way, the ups and downs and worries in the poet's heart were spread. Finally, the feeling of sadness, such as rushing out of the canyon and heading for the sea, can't be recovered. Filled with resentment, the poet made a thorough inquiry into life: "How much sadness can you have?" Like a river flowing eastward! "Life, doesn't life mean endless sadness?" "One River Spring Flows East" is a famous sentence that uses water to express sadness, which shows that Wang Yang, who is worried like spring water, pours freely; Another example is the spring water, which keeps flowing day and night. These nine words really express the depth and strength of feelings in the upwelling. Nine words, five flat lines, alternating flat lines, and finally ending with two flat lines, read like the ups and downs of spring in Jiang Botao, and it is really full of emotion. These last two sentences are also based on questions and answers, which doubly highlights the word "worry", thus making the whole word echo in tone and fluent. Obviously, this word has a rigorous structure, hovering throughout, ups and downs, and is combined into a harmonious and coordinated artistic whole around a central idea. Before Li Yu, no poet could achieve such high achievements in structural art, so Wang Guowei said, "There are no words in the Tang and Five Dynasties. Famous poets in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote articles without sentences. There is a sentence in an article, but Li Houzhu's works after the Song Dynasty are only Shui Shu, Zi Zhan, Shao You, Mei Cheng and Jia Xuan. " It can be seen that Li Yu's artistic achievements are of great significance beyond the times. Of course, what is more important is that he feels deeply, so it is the emotion itself that plays a decisive role. It was also Wang Guowei who put it well: "The words of my ancestors are actually so-called bloody books." This song "Young Beauty" is full of sadness and hatred, with deep and strong feelings, like a raging river, desperate to rush out. It is rare in history that a king who is above the sword dares to express his hatred of national subjugation so boldly. Li Yu's devotion to such pure and sincere feelings is probably what Wang Guowei called "naive words" out of "a childlike innocence". This feature is most prominent in the poem Yu Meiren, for which Li Yu paid the price of his life. French writer Miao Sai said: "The most beautiful poems are the most desperate poems, and some immortal chapters are pure tears." Yu Meiren by Li Yu is such an immortal work! Appreciation of Famous Sentences The next sentence "A spring river flows eastward" is a famous sentence that uses water as a metaphor for sadness. Compared with the "Spring Flower" and "East Wind" in the previous film, it visualizes the abstract sadness, not only writing the surging and rushing of sadness, but also writing the long and far-reaching sadness. In contrast, Liu Yuxi's Zhuzhidiao is a little stiff, while Qin Guan's Jiangchengzi is full of tears and worries, which weakens the touching power and resonance. It can be said that the reason why the word Li Yu resonates widely depends largely on the expressive and symbolic metaphor in the conclusion sentence, which makes the melancholy vivid and abstract: the author does not clearly write the true connotation of his melancholy-he misses the happy life in the past, but only shows its external form-"like an eastward flowing river". In this way, people can easily get some kind of spiritual resonance from it and use it to express their similar feelings. Because although people's troubles have different connotations, they can all have the extension of "just like a river flowing eastward" Because "the image is often greater than the thought", Li's ci has aroused widespread resonance and been read down through the ages. Chen Shidao, a famous expert, said: This example attacks the old saying, but it can divert the ear. The word "worry like the sea" in Qin dynasty is called novel. I wonder if Li Guozhu ever said, "How sad can you be? Just like a river flowing eastward, it is regarded as the sea. Chen Yu: Tai Baiyun: Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, whether it can go further than the love of friends! . The Empress Dowager Jiangnan said, "How worried are you? Like a river flowing eastward. "With a little melting, I feel great. When you come to the public, it is said that "sadness is like spring water" and the clouds are less "falling red and worrying like the sea". Shine on you more than blue. Yu Biyun ("argot"): "The voice of national subjugation, what is the depth of grief! "recite the forbidden court, the disaster is unforgivable, and those who lose their country will not be killed, but they will be harmed. Qin Shaoyou's poem The Story of the Back Hill says that "Fei Hong is full of sorrow like the sea", which is derived from the sentence of "spring water in a river", while the series of Wild Guests is also called "a pile of worries about heights" by Li Bai, and Liu Yuxi's "infinite water is like sorrow" is the originator of the latter's poems. However, using water as a metaphor for sorrow is easy to get and often recorded, which may not be mutually used. As far as writing is concerned, Li, Liu and Qin used water as a metaphor for sadness, which would be really sad if it were not for the word "Chunjiang" written by their ancestors. Luo Dajing: Poets use mountains to express their thoughts. Du Shaoling said, "Worry is like a mountain, but Hong can't stop it. Zhao Tuo said: "Sunset towers overlap the mountains, but the worries in spring are not more than doubled. "Some people use water as a metaphor for sorrow, such as Li Qi's cloud" Please measure the water in the East China Sea to see that sorrow is shallow and deep ",Li Houzhu's cloud" asks how much sorrow you can have, just like a river flowing eastward ",and Qin Shaoyou's cloud" sorrow is like the sea ". He Fang replied, "What do you know about leisure? Yichuan tobacco is full of wind. It rains when plums are yellow. "Cover three more than sorrow, particularly novel, more meaningful. Tang Guizhang: This song is full of sadness and anger. Start with a word, chase it, it's killing me! Blood full of hatred gushes out: Tian Wen's sincere legacy. The sentence of "Xiao Lou" is a contraction of the sentence; The sentence of "old country" takes over the sentence and puts a pen call sign. The word "you" is miserable. The east wind is coming again, which shows that spring flowers and autumn moon are out of fashion. If the crime is not full and the pain is not exhausted, we still have to steal the rest of the world and go through all the hardships. The next piece is continuation, trying to enter from the old country and reveal the meaning of things. At the end of the question and answer, I read all the troubles and hatred in my heart, which was really unbearable. Walking through the first breath, wandering, winding, such as resentment, such as hope, such as crying. Wang: This famous work Yu Meiren, which has been told through the ages, was praised as the "Emperor in Ci" by predecessors, and was written by Li Yu when he was imprisoned in Bianjing. According to Wang Qi's Memories, "Back to the DPRK (after Li Yu's surrender to the Song Dynasty) was unpleasant, which can be seen in the text. "This word is to express this homesickness and lament the pain of national subjugation. Tan Xian (Appreciation of Tang and Song Ci): Ci (called this poem and The Wind Returns to the Yard) should be based on spirit. The words of the late Lord are too white to be compared with others. ("Ci Bian" Volume 22)