Chekhov, Russian writer and playwright. 1860 1 was born in a small businessman's family in Taganrog. Childhood life is very difficult. 65438-0879 entered the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow University and began to write short stories under the pen name Humor Magazine the following year. Before the mid-1980s, he wrote a lot of humorous story, among which there were many excellent works, such as The Death of an Official (1883), which was about the domineering of big bureaucrats and the humbleness of small people, and The Chameleon (1884), which was about the slave psychology of ordinary citizens in have it both ways. In the second half of 1980s, Chekhov's creation entered a mature stage, and he wrote a series of excellent short stories. Wanka (1886), distress (1886) and longing for sleep (1888) deeply sympathize with the poverty and sorrow of the lower classes. 1889 wrote "trapped people", which ironically described the typical image of loyal defenders of the czar's autocratic system. 1s90, he went to Sakhalin Island to inspect the living conditions of exiles and local residents, thus further deepening his understanding of Russian autocracy. Shortly thereafter, he wrote a stirring novella "The Sixth Ward".
Chekhov has more than 470 short stories, most of which are short stories. The works are diverse in subject matter and concise in writing.
As a playwright, Chekhov wrote five novels. There are uncle Vanya (1897) and three sisters (1900~ 190 1). The most famous play is cherry orchard (1903~ 1904).
Chekhov died in July 1904.
Introduction to Chekhov (2)
Chekhov, (l860~ 1904) 19, a great Russian writer of critical realism, a humorous satirist with meaningful interest and sharp writing style, a master of short stories and a famous playwright.
Chekhov was born in an ordinary citizen family. After his father's grocery store went bankrupt, he finished high school as a tutor, 1879 studied medicine at Moscow University, 1884 began to write literature after graduation.
Most of his early works are short stories, such as Fat Man and Thin Man (1883), Death of a Little Civil Servant (1883), Distress (1886) and Wanka (1886). However, in The Chameleon and Sergeant Priscilla Beyev (1885), the author lashed the slaves who faithfully defended tyranny and their ugly faces, revealing the reactionary spiritual characteristics of the dark ages. 1890, after he visited Sakhalin Island, the exile place of political prisoners, he created works that showed major social problems, such as "The Sixth District" (1892), which was a work that lashed out at the czar's tyranny. Lenin was shocked after reading this novel. A House with an Attic (1896) exposes the Russian society's destruction of people's youth, talent and happiness, and satirizes the reformist activities of liberal local autonomy associations. The Farmer (1897) describes the extremely poor living conditions of the peasants in 1980s and 1990s, showing his concern and sympathy for their tragic fate, while The Canyon exposes the vicious exploitation of the rich peasants and reflects the infiltration of capitalism into the countryside, indicating that the author attaches importance to the expression of Russian social classes.
Struggle is included in his creative theme. In The Bride (1903), he believes that the old system will perish and the new "life will come sooner or later!"
Chekhov turned to drama creation in his later period. His main works include Ivanov (1887), Seagull (1896), Uncle Vanya (1896) and Three Sisters (190/kloc). His plays are full of lyrical flavor and rich subtext, which is memorable. Although the script story is based on daily life, with simple plot and smooth progress, it is full of profound symbolic significance.
His novels are short and pithy, concise and simple, compact in structure, vivid in plot, humorous in style, vivid in language, full of musical rhythm and profound in meaning. He is good at discovering people and things with typical significance from daily life, making artistic generalization through humorous plots, and shaping a complete typical image to reflect the Russian society at that time. His representative works The Chameleon and The Man in the Trap are exquisite and perfect artistic treasures in the history of Russian literature. The former has become synonymous with have it both ways who is good at profiteering in disguise. The latter has become a symbol of the conformist, timid and afraid of change.
Chekhov added two immortal artistic images to the gallery of world literary figures with his outstanding satirical and humorous talents. His famous saying "Simplicity is the sister of genius" has also become the motto pursued by later writers.
Chekhov had great affection for the people of China. He asked Gorky to visit China together, but he failed to do so because of his long illness. 1904 July 15 died of lung disease.