Wang Ming Shouren's Biography: "If you only talk about one subject, you have your own line;" Just say one line and you'll already know. Therefore, the ancients said that they were both knowers and walkers, only for the ignorant people in the world, and they didn't understand the ideological examination at all, but ...

2. Introduction:

Wang Shouren (A.D. 1472- 1528), a native of Boan and Yuyao (now Zhejiang), was called "Mr. Yangming" because he once lived in Yangming Cave in Shaoxing. Thirty-nine years after his death, 1567, the emperor posthumously awarded the new marquis, which achieved great honor.

Wang Yangming was born in a bureaucratic family, and his father, Wang Hua, was a left assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites. 1499, Wang Yangming was a scholar, and successively served as the director of the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of War. 1506, he was exiled to Guizhou because of his enmity with the great eunuch Liu Jin (later killed by Ling). 15 10 was promoted to magistrate of a county, 15 16 was promoted to Youdu empire, and finally to Youdu empire. In his later years, he gathered to give lectures, and his works were engraved by disciples when he was alive.

Wang Yangming's thought is typical of the unity of knowledge and action. He first emphasized that human activities are purposeful and conscious, which is what he called "to conscience", but how to connect human subject with body? Wang Yangming advocates "seeking truth from my heart", that is, "unity of knowledge and action". He embraced the object with the subject and denied the independence, naturalness and materiality of the object. As for practice, he explained: "All practitioners are just practicing seriously. If you really try to think and study, then it is ok to think and study. Learning is learning to do, asking is asking to do, thinking is wanting to do, and doing is also learning to argue. " Therefore, Wang Yangming's "behavior" has a wide range, including learning, asking, thinking and arguing. These are the four aspects of "knowledge" in The Doctrine of the Mean, and they are integrated with Wang Yangming here because he blurs the boundary between them.

Wang Yangming further pointed out that a person's "one thought is the starting point." This actually canceled the real "line", so Wang Fuzhi (that is, Wang Chuanshan), a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, criticized him for "selling lines and knowing them".

There are also reasonable aspects for Wang Yangming to replace "action" with ideas. He wants people to establish a belief at the beginning of their ideological activities that evil and evil should be eliminated in the bud according to the principle of "goodness", which is the so-called "unity of knowledge and action". Therefore, we should fully understand the "unity of knowledge and action" in order to correctly evaluate it.

In addition, Wang Yangming's educational thought still has many places worth learning from: first, the responsibility of determination, diligence, correction and goodness. "If you don't succeed, nothing can be done in the world. ... if you don't stand up, like a boat without a rudder and a horse without balance, what will happen in the end? " Moreover, determination can promote diligence. "If you don't study hard, you will have unfinished business." "Repentance" refers to oneself, and "responsibility for goodness" refers to persuading others to mend their ways, including "admonishing teachers", that is, admonishing teachers and pointing out mistakes. The second is independent spirit and learning ability. The third is to teach students in accordance with their aptitude step by step. The fourth is to emphasize personal practice. These educational thoughts have a good reference significance for today's young people to learn.