1. The story about Mi Fu’s childhood learning

Learning to calligraphy Mi Fu learned to write in a private school when he was a child. He studied for three years but failed.

One day, a scholar who came to Beijing to take the exam passed by the village. Mi Fu heard that the scholar was good at handwriting, so he went to ask for advice.

The scholar looked through the stack of papers written by Mi Fu Lin. When he realized something, he said to him: "If you want to learn to write from me, there is a condition. You have to buy my paper. However, it is more expensive. , five taels of silver per piece."

Mi Fu was startled when he heard this, and thought: "How can such expensive paper be found? Isn't this a deliberate attempt to embarrass others?" The scholar hesitated when he saw it. He said, "If it's too expensive, forget it!" Mi Fu was eager to learn, so he borrowed five taels of silver and gave it to the scholar. The scholar handed him a piece of paper and said, "Go back and write it carefully. Show it to me in three days."

When he got home, Mi Fu held up a piece of paper bought for fifty taels of silver and looked at it from left to right. Look, don’t dare to use it easily. So I opened the copybook and scratched it on the desk with a pen that was not dipped in ink, thinking about the spacing and strokes of each word. I pondered over and over again in this way, and I became fascinated.

Three days later, the scholar came. Seeing Mi Fu sitting there, holding a pen in his hand, looking at the copybook in trance, but not a word was written on the paper, he pretended to be surprised and asked: "Why haven't you written it yet?" Mi Fu was startled, and then he woke up as if from a dream, and then he remembered The three-day deadline was up, and he murmured: "I, I'm afraid that the paper will be wasted."

The scholar laughed loudly, pointed at the paper with his fan and said, "Okay, after thinking about it for three days, Write a word for me to see!" Mi Fu took up the pen and wrote the word "Yong". The scholar took it over and looked at it. He saw that the handwriting was very good and much improved compared to the previous handwriting. So he asked: "Why can't I write well in three years but can write well in three days?" Mi Fu carefully answered: " Because this paper is expensive, I'm afraid of wasting it, so I don't dare to write like I did before. Instead, I carefully ponder the words first..." "Yes!" Xiucai interrupted Mi Fu and said, "Learning calligraphy is not just about writing. You have to be passionate when writing, not only to observe its shape, but also to understand its spirit and comprehend it in order to write well.

Now that you know the trick of writing, it’s time for me to go." Said the scholar. The pen added seven words on the paper with the word "Yong" written on it: "(Yong) will never forget, and the silver pattern is five taels."

Then he took out the five taels of silver from his arms and gave it back to Mi Fu, then went out on the road to catch up with the exam. Mi Fu has always kept these five taels of silver on his desk, always remembering this enlightening teacher who taught him so hard, and using this to motivate himself to study hard and practice hard.

(Stories of Chinese Celebrities in Story Pavilion/mr/zg/) Mi Fu is famous for his calligraphy. His achievements come entirely from hard work. Mi Fu visits the pond every day. Historical records record: "A day without stopping." When I read the book, I felt astringent, thinking that the ancients never used up the book for a moment. "If Zhi Yong can make an inkstone into a mortar, he can reach Youjun (Wang Xizhi). If he can penetrate it to Zhong (Yao) and Suo (Jing), he can stay forever." "Mianzhi."

His son Mi Youren said that he did not forget to write even on the first day of the new year. (According to Sun Zubai's "Mi Fu Mi Youren").

Mi Fu was very serious in writing. He said: "She wrote "Hai Dai Shi" three or four times, with one or two good words in between. Lettering is also difficult." (Mi Xiangyang Wai of Ming Dynasty by Fan Mingtai) remember"). After writing a poem three or four times, I am still satisfied with only one or two words. The joys and sorrows involved are beyond the reach of an expert, which also shows the rigor of his creative attitude.

2. The story about Mi Fu’s study as a child

Mi Fu, a famous painter in the Song Dynasty, did not come from a wealthy family when he was a child. He spent three years studying calligraphy in a private school on tuition fees but did not make much progress.

One day, he heard that there was a scholar who was passing through the village who was rushing to take the exam and was good at writing, so he went to ask for advice. After reading Mi Fu's post, the scholar said: "If you want to learn to write from me, there is a condition. You must buy my paper, but the paper is expensive, only fifty taels of silver per piece."

Mi Fu's heart He didn't think there was such expensive paper, but out of desire to learn calligraphy, Mi Fu gritted his teeth and borrowed money to give it to the scholar. The scholar handed him a piece of paper and said, "Go back and write down carefully, and show it to me in three days." When he got home, Mi Fu held the piece of paper bought for five taels of silver and looked at it from left to right. Don't dare to use it easily. So I compared it with the copybook, scratched it on the desk with a pen that was not dipped in ink, pondered over and over again, and imprinted each word in my heart.

Three days later, the scholar came and saw Mi Ji, Gong Guang, Chi Locust, Gui Wei, and Lian Fu sitting at the table, holding a pen in his hand, looking at the copybook in trance. There was no ink on the paper. . So he pretended to be surprised and asked: "Why haven't you written it yet?" Mi Fu woke up from his dream and realized that the three-day deadline was up, so he murmured: "I'm afraid that the paper will be wasted.

"

The scholar laughed loudly, pointed at the paper with his fan and said: "Okay, I have been thinking about it for three days, write a word and show it to me! Mi Fu raised his pen and wrote the word "Yong". When the scholar saw that the writing was vigorous and unrestrained, he deliberately asked: "Why did you fail to make progress in your studies in three years, but made rapid progress in three days?" Mi Fu thought for a while and said, "Because this paper is expensive, I don't dare to write casually like before. Instead, I carefully ponder the words before writing." "

"Yes! The scholar said: "Learning calligraphy is not only about writing, but also about moving your mind. You must not only observe its shape, but also understand its spirit and understand it with your heart before you can write well." After saying that, he swiped his pen and added seven words after the word "Yong": (Yong) will never forget, and the tattoo is five taels of silver.

He took out the five taels of silver from his arms and gave it back to Mi Fu , and left without looking back.

3. What does Mi Fu’s book mainly talk about?

Mi Fu is a man of true talent and learning, and is not good at being ingratiated with officialdom.

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This earned him a lot of time and energy to play with stones, appreciate inkstones, and study the art of calligraphy and painting. His pursuit of the art of calligraphy and painting reached a state of intoxication. In the eyes of others, he is unique and has an unconventional personality. and eccentricities may be the cornerstone of his success. He once wrote a poem by himself: "Chai Jiyan Maozi, Mo Qing in the Mingchuang Pavilion, all his fame and fame are just a play, but he has never felt that he has lost his life."

"He is such a talented and arrogant person who values ??the art of calligraphy and painting above all else. Mi Fu studied calligraphy the most and made the greatest achievements in his life.

Mi Fu claims that his works are " "Collecting Ancient Characters", he has a deep understanding of the ancient masters' brushwork, composition and charm. This also shows to a certain extent that Mi Fu has made great efforts in the tradition of calligraphy. Calligraphy and painting are unique in their own way, with dead wood, bamboo and stone, and unique landscape paintings. Style characteristics.

Mi Fu is also very accomplished in calligraphy. He is good at seal script, official script, regular script, running script, cursive script and other calligraphy styles. He is good at copying ancient calligraphy, and his calligraphy has a profound influence, especially in the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the century, there were many scholars, including Wen Zhengming, Zhu Yunming, Chen Chun, Xu Wei, Wang Juesi, and Fu Shan, who all took a "Heart Sutra" from Mizi. This influence continues to this day.

< p> In addition to his extremely high level of calligraphy, Mi Fu is also the author of many calligraphy works, such as "History of Calligraphy", "History of Haiyue", "Records of Bao Zhang Waiting for Visits", and "Comments on Calligraphy".

Showing his outstanding courage and sophisticated appreciation, he often ridiculed his predecessors, but never followed the ancient sayings. He was valued by calligraphers of the past dynasties, but he also went too far. He ridiculed Yan Liu, Deprecating Xu Su and being critical.

4. Mi Fu learned to write. What did Mi Fu do after buying paper?

Mi Fu was a famous painter in the Song Dynasty. He was famous not only for his paintings, but also for his calligraphy. He was also very accomplished.

When Mi Fu was a child, he learned to write from a private school teacher in the village. The gentleman gave Mi Fu a copybook and said, "You write according to the copybook every day. , write it and send it to me for review. "

Mi Fu has been learning calligraphy for three years and has written on countless pieces of paper, but his handwriting is still mediocre. The teacher pointed a ruler at his head and scolded him: "You stupid boy, you should go home and write. Be awesome! "Mi Fu had to stop studying and go home.

However, Mi Fu was unwilling to give in and always wanted to learn to write. One day, a scholar came to the village, and the scholar passed by here to take the exam.

Mi Fu heard that the scholar's calligraphy was very good, so he ran to ask for advice. The scholar saw that although he was a little kid, he was very eager to learn, so he agreed to teach him the original method. , according to the copybook, he wrote a thick stack of paper, and early in the morning, he gave it to the scholar as a meeting gift. Unexpectedly, the scholar flipped through it casually, put the paper away, and said coldly: "Please let me teach you how to write. One condition is that you have to use my paper. "

Mi Fu felt baffled. But in order to obey the teacher, he agreed: "As long as you can write well, anything will be fine. "

The scholar smiled and said, "My paper costs five taels of silver." Mi Fu was stunned and thought: How can such expensive paper be found? Isn't this deliberately trying to embarrass me? He hesitated.

"If you don't buy my paper, forget it." " Upon hearing Xiucai's words, Mi Fu became anxious and said hurriedly: "I'll find the money! "As he spoke, he ran home.

But his family was not rich, so how could he be willing to buy such expensive paper? But his mother couldn't withstand Mi Fu's various pleas, so she had to take her away from her parents' home. He pawned the jewelry for five taels of silver and gave it to Mi Fu to buy paper. The scholar took the silver, gave a piece of paper to Mi Fu, and said, "Write carefully."

" Then he put the silver into his sleeve and left. Mi Fu took the piece of paper he bought for fifty taels of silver and looked left and right, thinking it was just an ordinary piece of paper.

< p> But he no longer dared to write easily. He just pondered over the copybook carefully, drawing back and forth on the desk with his hands, thinking about the spacing and strokes of each word, and he became fascinated. , and printed the words on the copybook into his heart one by one.

When it was time to have lunch, Xiucai came back. He saw Mi Fu sitting there, holding a pen in his hand, looking at the copybook. But there was not a word written on the paper, so he asked: "Why not write it?" " Mi Fu was startled, as if waking up from a dream.

He murmured: "Paper is expensive, so I'm afraid it will be wasted. The scholar laughed loudly, pointed at the paper with his fan and said, "You have been thinking about it for so long, write a word for me to see!" "This is strange. Mi Fu wrote the word "Yong", which is exactly the same as the word on the copybook, but also seems different, so beautiful.

The scholar was very happy, and Mi Fu himself was very happy. Happy. The scholar asked Mi Fu: "Why can you write it well now? " "When I wrote in the past, I didn't put my heart into it, so I always wrote poorly.

Because paper is expensive this time, I was afraid of wasting it, so I thought about the words thoroughly first..." "Yes," the scholar said, stroking his beard, "learning to write is not just about writing, but also about moving your heart. But only by looking at its shape, understanding its spirit, and understanding it can you write well. Now, you know the trick of writing. "

A few days later, the scholar was leaving. Mi Fu reluctantly said goodbye to his teacher.

When they parted, the scholar gave him a cloth bag and said, "It's not in vain. Teacher and student, I give you this little gift, but you must open it after you get home. "Mi Fu watched the scholar go away and didn't go home until he could no longer see his back.

After returning home, Mi Fu opened the cloth bag and took a look. Tears welled up in his eyes. It turned out that the bag contained exactly that. He bought paper with five taels of silver. Later, Mi Fu became a famous painter and calligrapher.

He kept these five taels of silver on his desk, always remembering the scholar who worked so hard to teach him how to write.

5. What lies in Mi Fu's success?

Mi Fu's success lies in the fact that he achieved the literati taste he pursued with the help of an ink-playing attitude and the choice of themes.

Mi Fu realized that only by changing the traditional painting procedures and technical standards can he achieve a new interesting purpose. Su Shi also had a theory about painting. He advocated the bold style of "creating new ideas and conveying wonderful ideas". , this point of view is similar to Mi Fu's, but there are still differences.

The reason is: Mi Fu is first of all a collector and connoisseur with a large collection of paintings. The gains and losses are clear in his mind, and he considers more about the content of the painting itself: Su Shi was first a literary giant, and then expressed his views on painting as an amateur, and used literary standards to measure and demand painting. , although there is no lack of insights, but after all, he is separated from painting by a layer, so later generations mostly regard Mi Fu as a painter and Su Shi as an art theorist.

What they remember in their hearts is Su Shi. Although Su Shi had paintings handed down to the world and Mi Fu had none, it cannot but be pointed out that Mi Fu's artistic thoughts were far more courageous and charming than Su Shi's.

6. What are the characteristics of Mi Fu’s calligraphy?

Because of his unruly personality and blind pursuit of “momentum”, Mi Fu’s calligraphy eventually went astray. Fu's seal script is indeed not very neat.

Because he has a negative attitude towards the cursive script of the Tang Dynasty, Mi Fu's cursive writing is also very serious, unlike some people think. He did it in one go without thinking.

Among the four Northern Song Dynasty masters, Mi Fu's success was definitely the first in terms of physical strength and strength. Mi Fu visited the pond every day.

His son Mi Youren said that he did not forget to write even on the first day of the lunar new year.

He tried to write poems for Xu Chongyuan. He said that he "didn't criticize anyone, and I never recorded a single poem in my life that was devoted to nobles and nobles." His unique style was his strength, and his deliberate seeking of differences was his shortcoming.

There are no surviving works of Mi Fu's paintings. His self-written "History of Painting" records his collection and appreciation of ancient paintings, as well as his preference for painting, aesthetic taste, creative experience, etc.

This should be the best basis for studying his paintings. Mi Fu's calligraphy ranks among the four calligraphers of the Song Dynasty, after Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian, and before Cai Xiang.

However, regardless of Su Dongpo's status as a literary master and Huang Tingjian's influence as the leader of the Jiangxi School of Poetry, as far as calligraphy is concerned, Mi Fu has the most profound traditional skills, especially running script, which is better than both. to the right. Mi Fu's calligraphy works, ranging from poems and calligraphy to small rulers, slips, inscriptions and postscripts, are all characterized by joyful, dynamic, dynamic, vigorous and fresh.

Judging from the nearly 60 existing handwritings of Mi Fu, the word "brush" vividly expresses the spirit of the word "rice". Mi Fu's calligraphy had a far-reaching influence, especially in the late Ming Dynasty. Many scholars, such as Wen Zhengming, Zhu Yunming, Chen Chun, Xu Wei, Wang Juesi, and Fu Shan, all studied Mi Fu. This influence continues to this day.