The Westernization Movement, also known as the self-improvement movement, refers to the improvement movement of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" initiated by the Westernization School all over the country from 186 1 (Xianfeng started at the end of October) to 1894. After the two Opium Wars, the ruling class of the Qing government was divided into "Westernization School" and "Old School" on how to solve a series of problems of internal and external troubles. The Westernization School advocated developing new industries, enhancing national strength and maintaining the feudal rule of the Qing government. Representative figures who also laid a certain foundation for China's modernization: Yi Xin, Zeng Guofan, Zhang Zhidong and Li Hongzhang slogan: Learn from foreigners to control foreigners; Westernization school advocates "middle school as the body, western learning for use", hoping to maintain feudal rule with advanced technology, and the reform will not touch the feudal system. The Sino-Japanese War proved that the Westernization Movement did not make China rich and strong. However, it introduced some modern scientific production technologies from western capitalist countries, trained a number of scientific and technical personnel and skilled workers, objectively stimulated the development of capitalism in China and resisted the expansion of foreign economic forces.