James Stuart was the son of Mary, Queen of Scots, and her second husband, Henry Stuart, Earl of Darnley. Only son. His mother's ancestors had been ruling Scotland since the 14th century. Five months after his birth, his father died and his mother was expelled by the Scottish nobles and fled to England. James I was crowned king by the Scottish nobles and was called James of Scotland. James VI; after the death of Queen Elizabeth I of England on March 24, 1603, he inherited the throne of England and was called James I of England.
(The English name is James Stuart, also known as James VI and I. The former refers to him as James VI of Scotland, and the latter refers to him as James I of England. Born on June 19, 1566 ~March 27, 1625)
In 1567, the Scottish nobles deposed Mary Stuart, and James was crowned King of Scotland at one year and one month old, called James VI. It was governed by several great nobles as regents.
In 1581, James' favored nobleman Daubiny Lennox assisted him in getting rid of the regent Morton. But Lennox angered some of the nobles, so James was kidnapped by the Earl of Gowrie and Lennox was banished. Soon James was rescued by his supporters.
In 1583, James VI officially came to power.
In 1587, his mother Mary Stuart was executed for her involvement in a conspiracy to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England. In the same year, James married Princess Anne, the daughter of King Frederik II of Denmark. By establishing good relations with Robert Cecil, a minister of Queen Elizabeth of England, and others. After Elizabeth I executed James I's mother, Mary Stuart, James I did not condemn him much. Although he created an image of a grieving son who had lost his mother, he could not lose England as an ally. In fact, he had died at a young age. After losing her mother's love, her love for Mary Stuart was very weak. In the end, it was just a symbolic expression of *** and no additional actions were taken.
In 1603, after the death of Queen Elizabeth I of England, James ascended the throne as King of England, known as James I in history, at the age of 36.
In 1625, James I died.
James I was raised as a Calvinist, so he began to sympathize with the Puritans. He also convened and chaired a meeting attended by Puritans and bishops after receiving a letter from Puritan representatives, and planned to make concessions to the Puritans. But when the Puritans demanded the abolition of the episcopal system, he was angered. For this reason, he made a famous saying, "Without bishops, there would be no kings." He ordered a re-translation of the Bible, which became the King James Bible, also known as the James I Bible. Generally speaking, his attitude towards religion is tolerant. But when the Catholic conspiracy to blow up Parliament was exposed, he became rude to Catholics. In fact, he exempted those who did not attend church services in England from punishment. At this time, he punished them again.
James faced several serious problems after he ascended the throne: the Puritan movement rose, demanding that all Roman Catholic rites be swept away from worship; Parliament increased its power in the Tudor Dynasty, and the wealthy gentry who served as the backbone of the House of Commons A greater role in church affairs and state affairs was demanded; Spain's war with England continued. Regarding the war issue, James quickly signed a peace treaty and of course he did not betray the Dutch. Although plundering Dutch merchant ships was a very profitable and legal piracy in England for a long time, James no longer agreed to this behavior.