(1) Life story:

Lao Zi, surnamed Li Minger, is called Bo Yang. Huaxia nationality, a native of Qurenli in Chugu County, lived between 57 1 and 47 1 years ago. He was a great philosopher, thinker and founder of Taoist school in ancient China, and was honored as the ancestor of Li by the emperor of Tang Dynasty. Laozi is a world cultural celebrity and one of the world's 100 historical celebrities, including Tao Te Ching (also known as Laozi). The essence of his works is simple dialectics, which advocates inaction, and his theory has a far-reaching impact on the development of China's philosophy. In Taoism, Laozi is regarded as the ancestor of Taoism. Laozi and Zhuangzi of later generations are also called Zhuang zi.

(2) famous saying:

1. Tao can be Tao, but it is extraordinary. The name can be named. It's very famous. The beginning of the nameless world; The famous mother of everything.

The whole world knows that beauty is beauty, and evil has been done. As we all know, goodness is good, but it is not good.

3. Whether related or not, the difficulty is complementary, the length is in phase, the height is in phase, and the sound is harmonious. Hengye

4. Without Shang Xian, the people will not dispute; Expensive and rare goods, so that people do not steal; If you can't see what you want, you won't be chaotic. It is the rule of saints, which can hollow out their hearts, strengthen their bellies, weaken their aspirations and strengthen their bones. It often makes people ignorant and have no desire. Make the wise dare not do it. If you do nothing, you will die.

5. The world is ruthless, and everything is a dog; Saints are ruthless and treat people like pigs.

6. It is better to stay in the middle than to say too much.

7. The immortal called Xuanzang. The gate of Xuanzang is the root of heaven and earth. If it is continuous, it is not often used.

8. forever and ever. The reason why heaven and earth can last long is that they are not born by themselves, so they can live forever. It puts saints and bodies first; Living outside your body. Not because of its selfless evil? Therefore, it can be private.

9. Good as water. Water is good for all things without dispute, and evil for all, so it is a few words.

10. Living in a good place, with a kind heart, kindness, kindness, good words, good governance, good deeds and good times. Husband is just indisputable, so there is nothing special.

1 1. Profitable is not as profitable as profitable; If you are sharp, you can't keep it for long. Happy from now on, can't keep it; Being rich and arrogant is to blame. When retiring, heaven is also.

12. Thirty spokes, * * * a hub, and a car when you are away. Think of it as a device. When it is useless, it will be useful. Carve the family into a room, and when it has nothing, it has a room. Therefore, thinking is beneficial, but thinking is not.

13. five-color blindness; Five tones are not deaf; Five flavors are refreshing; Galloping and hunting makes people crazy; Rare goods are an obstacle. It's the saint's stomach, not his eyes. Go and get this somewhere else.

14. If you are humiliated, you will be in great trouble.

15. It's too high, I don't know; Second, personal reputation; Second, fear it; Secondly, insult it. I don't believe enough, but I don't believe enough.

16. abandon it on the avenue, with benevolence; Wisdom comes out with great fallacies; Six parents are not harmonious and have filial piety; In osawa, there are loyal ministers.

17. abandon wisdom and benefit the people a hundred times; Desperate, the people are filial; Never give up profits, thieves have nothing. These three ideas are not enough. Therefore, the order belongs to you: simple, think less, and study without worry.

18. We must not be afraid of what people are afraid of.

19. laity is clear, I am alone. Laity observation, I am bored alone.

20. Music is complete, waste is straight, depression is full, embarrassment is new, less is more, and more is confusion. [4]

2 1. It is a world style for saints to hold one. You can't see yourself, so be clear; Self-evident, so obvious; Do not cut yourself, have merit; Not proud, so long. The husband does not dispute, and the world cannot contend with it.

22. Hope is natural. Therefore, the wind has not ended and the shower will not last all day.

23. The enterprise is not established; Not across; People who see themselves are unknown; Naturally not obvious; Self-cutting is reactive; Proud people don't last long.

24. Birds of a feather flock together and come naturally. Lonely, independent and unchanging, walking around without danger, but the mother of heaven and earth doesn't know its name. For Tao, it is an argument, and for Da, it is an argument. Death is great, death is far away, and distance is relative.

25. The old road is big, big, big, and the National People's Congress. There are four big cities in the area, one of which is inhabited.

26. People follow the law, the law is heaven, the law is heaven, and the law is nature.

27. Pay attention to light roots and be calm. If you are light, you will lose your roots, and if you are impetuous, you will lose your gentleman.

28. Strong things make you old. They all say there is no way, and there is no way.

29. Soldiers are ominous, things are evil, and people who have the means have no place.

Second, Confucius:

(1) Life story:

Confucius (September 28th, 5565438 BC-April, 65438 BC+April, 065438 BC) was born in Xiayi (now Xiayi County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province) and was born in Shandong (now Qufu City, Shandong Province) in the Spring and Autumn Period. China is a famous great thinker, educator and politician. Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and was the founder of Confucian school.

Educated by Laozi, Confucius led some disciples around the world for fourteen years. In his later years, he studied six classics: Poetry, Shu, Li, Yue, Yi and Chunqiu. According to legend, he has 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their re-disciples recorded the words and deeds, quotations and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled the Confucian classic The Analects.

In ancient times, Confucius was regarded as a "saint of heaven" and a "muduo of heaven". He was one of the most knowledgeable scholars in the society at that time, and was honored by the rulers of later generations as the saint, the most holy and the most holy teacher of Confucius, the master of Wang Xuan and the teacher of all ages. His Confucianism has a far-reaching influence on China and the world, and Confucius is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World". Confucius is regarded as the ancestor of Confucianism (non-Confucianism). With the expansion of Confucius' influence, Confucius' sacrifice once became a "great sacrifice" at the same level as the ancestor of God and country. This honor is only Confucius besides Laozi.

(2) famous saying:

1, people with lofty ideals are benevolent, and there is no harm in life, and death is benevolence.

2. Gentlemen are harmonious but different, while villains are harmonious but different.

3. an upright man is open and poised while a petty man is anxious and worried.

4, sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions.

5, the three armies can win the handsome, but the ordinary man can't win the ambition.

6, cold, and then know that the pine and cypress are dying.

7. Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous.

8. Never tire of learning and never tire of teaching.

9. The beneficiary has three friends: a straightforward friend, an understanding friend and a knowledgeable friend.

10, in a threesome, there must be a teacher: choose the good one and follow it, and change the bad one. [ 1]

1 1, three friends who benefited, three friends who lost, straight friends, friends who trusted, friends who listened more, benefited; Friends make friends, friendly and soft, and friends will be destroyed and damaged.

12, jade is rough and abrasive, and people don't learn and don't know.

13, learning is not enough, teaching is difficult. If you don't know enough, then you can reverse; Advance despite difficulties, and then strive for self-improvement.

14, study from time to time, not to mention?

15, see the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage for introspection.

16, go to three provinces every day.

17, see the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage for introspection.

18, morality, propriety, justice and integrity.

19. Make friends through writing and help others through friendship.

20. Zi Gong asked: Why did Confucius say that writing is also Confucius: sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions, also called writing.

2 1, Confucius said: review the past and learn new things, and you can be a teacher.

22. The father is observing his ambition, but the father is not observing his actions; It is filial piety not to change his father's business for three years.

23. Confucius said: Learning from time to time is not only something that friends come from afar, but also something that gentlemen don't know.

24. When you are young, your blood gas is undecided and you should quit it; It is also strong and bloody, and it is fighting; Even when you are old, your blood is failing and you can quit.

25. Don't get angry.

26, cold, and then know that the pine and cypress are dying.

27. A little tolerance is a great harm.

28. Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you.

29. Those who know are happy, and those who are benevolent are Leshan; The knower moves, and the benevolent is quiet; People who know are happy, and people who are kind live long.

30, a dish, a ladle of drink, in the mean lane, people do not worry, go back and not change their fun, virtuous.

3 1, people can have ambitions, but they can't have no ambitions.

32. Always study, what's more? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Isn't he a completely moral person? Although people may not pay attention to him, he won't feel uneasy.

33, clever words, fresh and righteous!

34. Wise people enjoy water, and benevolent people enjoy Leshan; Wise people move, benevolent people are quiet; Wise people enjoy water, but benevolent people live long.