How to carry out patriotism education in history teaching, I think it should be carried out mainly from the following aspects: (1) Take historical celebrities as examples, establish national integrity and cultivate patriotic feelings.
Teachers explain history and tell stories with rich feelings and vivid language, and patriotism education permeates the stories. For example, in the "Sino-Japanese War" class, students were told the story of the Yellow Sea War between China and Japan. This paper focuses on the touching story of Deng Shichang, a famous patriotic general, who commanded the crew of Zhiyuan Ship to fight bloody battles, beat the Japanese pirates and died heroically at last, so that students were educated in listening to the story, their hearts were shocked, and they gradually realized a tragic and lofty aesthetic feeling, thus reminding students that if I am at the critical juncture of the motherland's peril, I should stand up like him, save the country and the people, make contributions, and sublimate students' emotions. (2) Take the national sages as an example and carry forward Chinese virtues. The Chinese nation is a country of civilization and etiquette, with excellent traditional virtues. Our ancestors created brilliant achievements and rich words and deeds in the struggle for national unity, national independence, national prosperity and social prosperity and progress. This is an excellent textbook for our moral education. For example, Zhuge Liang did his best to govern the country; Fan Zhongyan's thought of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later"; Gu Xiancheng's ambition of "caring about family affairs, state affairs, what's going on in the world and everything"; Gu's feelings of "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", as well as the lofty aspirations and broad minds of these characters, can make us feel more proud and worth learning, so as to educate students and cultivate their sense of responsibility in facing the country and society.
The Chinese nation has always been a self-reliant and enterprising nation. For example, Sun Bin wrote Sun Bin's Art of War when his knee was disabled. After Sima Qian was persecuted and imprisoned, he tried to become the Historical Records. Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy and washed his pen into Mo Chi; After ten thousand calculations, Zu Chongzhi got the value of pi to the seventh place after the decimal point. Strengthening the teaching of these characters not only makes students remember their times, achievements and status, but also makes students realize that the determination to study hard is the spirit necessary for the growth of talents. Self-improvement and courage are the important reasons why our Chinese nation has gone through difficulties and has not declined.
The Chinese nation has always advocated science and adhered to the truth. For example, insist on "straight writing" to revise history and correctly evaluate Sima Qian; When writing Lun Heng, we should weigh and evaluate the theories from ancient times to the present, and then distinguish between Wang Chong's truth and falsehood. Reject the temptation of high officials and generous salaries, and never give up Fan Zhen advocated in his immortal theory. Strengthening the teaching of these characters not only enables students to understand the progressive features of their view of truth at that time, the content of their theory, the background of their generation and the reasons why the rulers persecuted them, but also makes students feel reverence for their courage to adhere to the spirit of truth emotionally.
(3) Take typical villains as teaching materials, carry forward healthy trends and oppose evil.
In history textbooks, there are many villains who are harmful for a while and despised by future generations. Such as Shi Jingtang, who is willing to be the emperor; An Lushan, who is good at flattering, pretending to be filial and hiding his ambition to seize power; Lee with a sweet mouth and a sword; First, he surrendered to the Nuzhen nobles, and then killed Qin Gui of Yue Fei on charges of "unwarranted"; "greedy king" and Kun; Greed for power, suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the reformists and the Boxer Rebellion internally, and suppressed the traitorous Cixi externally. Exposing the ugly words and deeds of these characters as much as possible not only makes students hate it, but also allows students to distinguish right from wrong in criticism and promote righteousness.
(4) Strengthen ideological and political education through analysis and comparison.
For example, when talking about the Xin Chou Treaty, students are guided to analyze and compare the treaty of nanking, treaty of shimonoseki and Xin Chou Treaty they already know from the aspects of time, land division, compensation, opening and significance of trading ports, so that students can understand the weak Qing government and decadent feudal system. Through the reparations of these three treaties, China society was pushed to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
In the abyss, people suffer and live in deep water. Through such analysis and comparison, students' horizons are broadened, students' analytical thinking ability is cultivated, their understanding and memory of what they have learned are enhanced, ideological and political education is strengthened from the analysis and comparison, and students' patriotism is stimulated.
(E) Famous sayings analysis incentive method
There are many famous sayings in history textbooks. These concise and incisive sayings are profound and philosophical. If teachers can correctly guide students to analyze sentences, it will not only help deepen their understanding of teaching materials, but also deepen ideological education. For example, when I was talking about A Record of Emperor Taizong, I guided students to analyze Li Shimin's statement that Kevin·Z was dead and I lost a mirror. Let the students understand that Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong could listen to the opinions of his deputies, so he took Wei Zhi, who was loyal to him, as his mirror. Through the analysis, students not only have a comprehensive understanding, but also are inspired: one should listen to others' opinions with an open mind, so that he will make fewer mistakes.
(6) situational infection, imperceptibly.
Teachers should focus on the teaching objectives and the main contents of the text, create situations purposefully, stimulate students' thoughts and feelings, and promote the transformation of students' perceptual knowledge into rational knowledge. Therefore, in teaching practice, I pay attention to guiding students to observe illustrations and pictures, and organize students to watch relevant TV movies and literary programs in a targeted manner to improve their political and ideological quality. Through other channels, make full use of the appeal of beauty and infiltrate ideological and moral education imperceptibly.