The principal contradiction and the principal aspect of contradiction are important philosophical principles, which are also a pair of philosophical concepts that students easily confuse and confuse. In 25, the national comprehensive volume (Sichuan Volume) took the well-known saying "Don't do it with evil, don't do it with good" as the material, and examined the philosophical basis contained in it. The questions are as follows: The old adage "Don't do something small with goodness" still has profound practical significance. Answer questions 29-3.

29. The philosophical basis of this sentence is that ()

① The accumulation of quantitative change can cause qualitative change

② Evil and goodness are different things

③ The principal contradiction and secondary contradiction can be transformed into each other

④ The principal and secondary aspects of contradiction can be transformed into each other < P >. A.13B.14C.12D.23< P > [Analysis] The correct answer to this question is item B. "Don't do it with small evil, don't do it with small good", that is to say, although a bad thing is small, you can't do it just because it is small; Although a good thing is small, don't don't do it just because it is small. This conforms to the principle that quantitative change leads to qualitative change, and there is no doubt about the choice of ① limb. However, the choice of ③ limb and ④ limb has made many students struggle and make up their minds.

The principal contradiction refers to the contradiction that is dominant and plays a decisive role in the development of complex things, while the main aspect of contradiction refers to the contradiction between the two sides of each contradiction. The dominant party plays a leading role. The difference between them lies in:

(1) The extension of the two is different: the main contradiction is the comparison of "many contradictions" contained in complex things, while the main aspect of the contradiction is the comparison of the two sides of "the same contradiction". As a result of the comparison, there is generally only one main contradiction, and there can be multiple secondary contradictions; However, there is only one major aspect of contradiction and only one minor aspect.

(2) The two have different connotations: the primary and secondary contradictions study the interrelation between many contradictions that exist at the same time in the same process, and they talk about the imbalance of these contradictions; The primary and secondary aspects of contradiction refer to the relationship between two aspects in any contradiction, which is an imbalance problem between the two aspects of contradiction.

(3) The methodological requirements of the two aspects are different. The principle of primary and secondary contradictions requires us to concentrate on finding the main contradiction in our work, so as to find the key to solving complex problems. The principle of primary and secondary aspects of contradiction requires us to grasp the main aspects of contradiction when we understand things. Only in this way can we correctly understand the mainstream and nature of things.

The above is a theoretical distinction between the main contradictions and the main aspects of contradictions. In the usual exercises, there are some judgment methods:

(1) If the words in the materials mainly reflect the specific requirements and practices of how people should "do things", that is, "how to do things", these are related to the main contradictions, such as "grasping the key points" and "catching thieves" If the words in the material only reflect people's evaluation or views on something or a person, but only "look at the problem" without talking about "how to do it", it means that the material is related to the primary and secondary aspects of the contradiction. The famous saying "Don't do it with small evils, don't do it with small ones" tells people the attitudes and views they should hold on "good deeds" and "evil deeds", which are two aspects of the same contradiction. The famous saying "Don't be too small for good" contains the principle of mutual transformation between the primary and secondary aspects of contradiction.

(2) If there are words such as "center", "key" and "important" in the material, it should be analyzed by the principle of principal and secondary contradiction; If the words "major", "minor", "subject", "dominant", "essence", "overall view" and "the advantages outweigh the disadvantages" appear in the materials, they should be analyzed by the principle of contradictory primary and secondary aspects.

[Enlightenment] To learn politics well, it is not enough to just memorize related concepts, but also to master the similarities and differences between similar or similar concepts.

Reference 2: < The main contradiction and its main aspects are always a thorny issue. Many teachers and students judge from "whether it is a complex thing or a contradiction", which is not easy to distinguish. For example, in the construction of two civilizations, we usually say that we should focus on economic construction and do a good job in material civilization construction, which is obviously to grasp the main contradiction, but material civilization and spiritual civilization are obviously a pair of contradictions, both sides of which are contradictory. How can we judge this? Here are several ways to distinguish them for reference.

The first method: starting with the title of the textbook, "We should be good at grasping the key points (principal contradiction) when doing things, and distinguish the mainstream and tributaries (primary and secondary aspects of contradiction) when looking at problems".

For example, 1. "Use the arrow as long as the bow is strong. Shoot the horse first, catch the thief first and catch the king first." This poem by Du Fu. We should also see the secondary contradiction

B. The universality and particularity of contradiction are interrelated

C. Grasp the main contradiction, the center and the key

D. Look at the problem and distinguish the mainstream from the tributary

This is how to do things, so the answer is C, not D

2. In different historical periods, religion has different functions. From the overall process of historical development, Religion mainly plays a negative role. This shows that

A. The main contradiction determines the nature of things

B. Social consciousness has a dynamic reaction to social existence

C. The same contradiction has different characteristics at different stages and should be analyzed in detail

D. The main aspect of contradiction determines the nature of things

This is about how to analyze the problem, so the answer is BCD. There is no A

the second method: the nature definition method, that is, to see whether the material should characterize things (things or people), that is to say, to summarize and judge their advantages and disadvantages, pros and cons, gains and losses, good and bad, right and wrong, etc. If so, use the main aspect of contradiction, otherwise it will be the main contradiction. This is also from the content of the textbook. "The nature of things is mainly defined by the main aspects of the contradictions that lead to dominance."

For example, Comrade Jiang Zemin said in his report to the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that in the past five years, we have gone through an extraordinary course and made great achievements in reform, development, stability, internal affairs, foreign affairs and national defense, and in managing the party, state and army. However, we must be soberly aware that there are still many difficulties and problems in our work. The income growth of farmers and some urban residents is slow, the number of unemployed people is increasing, and some people are still living in difficulty. The income distribution relationship has not been straightened out, etc. This view

A. adheres to the view of splitting into two parts

B. grasps the main contradiction of things

C. grasps the main aspects of contradictions

D. adheres to the unity of two-point theory and key theory

This is obviously to evaluate what has been done, to characterize things, and to look at problems. The answer should be ACD. There is no B.

the third method: keyword definition method, which means looking at some words used in the materials, such as: center, center of gravity, key point, key point, breakthrough point, fundamental point, petunia should grasp the nose, beard and eyebrows (there are some proverbs in the textbook), etc. This is the main (secondary) contradiction, while leading, subject and mainstream (tributary). This is the main (secondary) aspect of contradiction.

For example, the reason why China's economic system insists on public ownership as the main body is because

A. The main contradiction plays a decisive role in the development of things

B. The nature of things is mainly determined by the main aspect of the contradiction that has gained a dominant position

C. Correct consciousness can promote the development of things

D. The primary and secondary contradictions, under certain conditions,