Multiple choice questions have changed from simple memory judgment to understanding, with less memory and more understanding; Short answer questions are rote learning, so we need to pay attention to the corresponding relationship between answers and questions; Material analysis questions are mostly based on teaching situation, and the answers need to be combined with materials; Instructional Design Primary school inspects the instructional design of mathematics and Chinese, and requires mastering the teaching content and instructional design methods of mathematics and Chinese.
The content of the exam:
The examination content is divided into two parts: educational knowledge part and teaching knowledge and skills part.
The education part is divided into: education foundation, student guidance and class management, among which the education foundation part is the focus of the exam, accounting for about one-third of the score, and the questions are diverse.
The teaching part is divided into four parts: subject knowledge, teaching design, teaching implementation and teaching evaluation. Among them, teaching knowledge and teaching design focus on teaching design.
Socrates: Socrates believes that the purpose of education is to cultivate talents for governing the country, and the primary task of education is to cultivate morality. His greatest contribution to educational theory is midwifery.
Plato: a famous thinker. The representative work of education is The Republic.
Aristotle: an educational thinker in ancient Greece. The theory of "education follows nature" was put forward for the first time in the history of human education.
Quintilian: His On the Education of Speakers (The Principle of Eloquence) is the first educational monograph in the West.
Bacon: Pedagogy was originally put forward as an independent discipline.
Comenius: His great teaching theory is regarded as a sign that pedagogy has embarked on the road of independent development. Comenius is also known as "the father of pedagogy". In the Great Teaching Theory, he first studied the classroom teaching and determined the basic outline of the classroom teaching system.
Rousseau: In Emile, he put forward the idea of nature and free education. He believes that human nature is good and freedom is the most precious thing for human beings. He advocates letting children let nature take its course and even get rid of social influence to develop.
Pestalozzi: Pestalozzi established pedagogy on the basis of psychology for the first time through the experiment of intuitive teaching method, and put forward the great theory of "educational psychology", which closely combined pedagogy with psychology and had a far-reaching impact on education and teaching in later generations. His masterpieces are Lenhard and Godud.
Locke: a representative figure of "external theory" and an advocate of formal education theory. Put forward "whiteboard theory" and "gentleman education". Emphasize that external forces determine human development. His thoughts are reflected in his masterpiece "Random Talk on Education".
Watson: a representative figure of "WaiShuo" and a behavioral psychologist. He believes that human development is entirely determined by the environment.
Rogers: Starting from humanism, he put forward the idea of "student-centered". In psychological counseling, visitor-centered therapy has been established.
Piaget: Put forward the theory of stages of moral development, and divide children's moral development into four stages. Genetic epistemology believes that individual cognitive development has experienced the development process of perceptual operation layer, pre-operation layer, concrete operation layer and formal operation layer in turn.
Freud: the founder of psychoanalysis. He believes that human sexual instinct is the most basic natural instinct and a potential, unconscious and fundamental driving force to promote human development.
Gesell: Psychologist. He believes that the decisive factor of human development is the mature mechanism. The experiment of twins climbing stairs is a famous experiment in gesell.
Herbart: The publication of his representative work General Pedagogy marks the formation of standardized teaching and marks that pedagogy has become a standardized discipline. His educational thought is the representative of traditional pedagogy, and puts forward three centers of traditional education-teacher center, textbook center and classroom center. The representative of knowledge-centered curriculum theory. At the same time, Herbart clearly put forward that psychology is the theoretical basis of pedagogy for the first time.
Dewey: He is the founder of pragmatic pedagogy and the main representative of modern educational theory. His job is people-oriented and education. The essence of education is "education is life", "education is growth" and "education is the transformation and reorganization of experience". This paper puts forward a new three-center theory of "children center", "activity center" and "experience center" which is opposite to the traditional three centers of education. He is the representative of empirical curriculum theory in learner-centered curriculum theory.
Naylor: He is a representative of the existential curriculum theory in the learner-centered curriculum theory.
Marx believed that the only way to realize people's all-round development was to combine education with productive labor.
Krupskaya: Krupskaya's book National Education and Democratic System is the earliest book on education based on Marxism.
Kalinin: He attached great importance to the role of moral education and labor education, and compiled educational papers and speeches into On Productive Education and On Productive Education and Teaching.
Makarenko: The idea of "demanding as much as possible and respecting as much as possible" embodies the principle of moral education: respecting students and strictly demanding students.