"365 Online Q&A Network Teacher" helps you to answer the requirements in the exam instructions: 1. Understand the meanings of common classical Chinese notional words in specific contexts; 2. Understand common classical Chinese functional words (Zhi, Qi, Er, Yi, Yu, Nai, Although, Wei, Zhe, Ze, Hu, Ran). Summarize the main points of the article. 5. Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes expressed in the article. 6. Have your own experience and opinion analysis on the content, language and writing method of the article: 1. Reciting classical Chinese poems requires that every word is not missed, not added, not inverted and not changed; To memorize classical Chinese poetry sentences, we should not only be coherent, but also be word-correct. In the senior high school entrance examination, we should memorize four poems and two articles, paying special attention to reciting famous sentences in the articles. Remember and correct the typos in our previous dictation. 2. Understanding and appreciation of ancient poems should focus on the ancient poems and songs appearing in the reading articles in each textbook, and pay attention to the accumulation of common sense of ancient culture and literature, especially the notes in the textbooks. It is necessary to have a good understanding of the appreciation guidance and exercises in "Click on the Contents", and accurately grasp the understanding of the poem, the main content and writing intention of the poem, and the author's thoughts and feelings. 3. For some famous articles, You should also know the author's name, life time and title of the article. 4. Master the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese and the usage of six function words. Generally, the special usage of ancient Chinese is: polysemy, false usage, flexible use of parts of speech, and different meanings in ancient and modern times. Therefore, to pay special attention to such words in the text, we must understand and master the usage of 15 content words and six function words in Click on the Contents, especially in junior high school textbooks. Such as judgmental sentences, inverted sentences (prepositional object, adverbial postposition), passive sentences, rhetorical questions, etc. In order to realize the meaning of key notional words and the usage of function words in translation, the mood and sentence pattern of the translated sentence must be consistent with the original sentence. 6. In reading classical Chinese after class, you don't have to be nervous when you meet words that you can't know or words that you don't think of at once. Contact the context and combine the plot of the story (article) to understand (guess). Remember that translation can't be divorced from the article. If there are notes under the selected text, you must make full use of the prompt function of the notes. 7. Pay attention to the induction and generalization of the main contents of the selected text in the reading of the paragraphs in class. If you are within your own control, you can of course answer the questions by memory. If your review is not in place or your memory is unclear, you should carefully read the selected articles to collect and process information, and then make a reasonable and brief statement. In reading classical Chinese after class, you should pay attention to the understanding of the truth contained in the article or the induction and refinement of the character characteristics in the article. 2. How to review the knowledge points of classical Chinese

1. Consolidate the foundation, and review the textbooks for three times. After analyzing the college entrance examination questions over the years, we will find that the examination of classical Chinese, whether it is content words, special sentence patterns, sentence comprehension, or translation of paragraphs and dictation of famous articles, all come from in class, and almost all the test center settings over the years can find related knowledge points from the textbooks (here,

It can be seen that learning textbooks well and consolidating basic knowledge are the key. In view of this situation, it is necessary to strengthen the review of textbooks.

so why review it three times? This is determined by following the law of Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve, in order to truly "review the past and learn the new". Three-time review method, from shallow to deep, from scattered to concentrated, from individual to group.

the first step, from the first year of senior high school, every time you finish learning a book, during the winter and summer vacations, students are required to review and recite all the required articles (there are also teachers' requirements here) in the holiday and write them down in the exercise book, which is consistent for three years. This is a step to clear the key points, aiming at memorizing the key points, forming an interactive effect of oral writing and enhancing memory.

Step 2, in the first half of senior three, use morning reading to read all the classical Chinese titles in 1-6 textbooks (at this time, it is best not to include ancient poetry and drama, and the effect will be better if these two parts are reviewed separately), in the order of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 and 6, with three morning readings every week and one unit every week. Students are required to read each article twice, the first time with notes, focusing on reading notes and explaining meanings; The second time, read the whole article, and if you have recited it, review it.

The reason for arranging them in the previous order is to improve the efficiency of review (generally, the fifth volume will be discussed first in senior three, and the sixth volume will be discussed in about two months, so that the two volumes can be reviewed in time). In this step, students' individual activities are the mainstay, and teachers only give guidance. The purpose is to familiarize themselves with the content of the text and, in a superficial sense, try to enhance their sense of language and familiarity.

Step 3, at the end of last semester in Senior Three, teachers and students will review the text one by one with one month's class time. This step is the most critical step, especially for the deepening and improvement of the second step.

Teachers are required to prepare lessons carefully. Formally, it seems that they are talking about classical Chinese, but in essence, teachers must be familiar with the knowledge points of each classical Chinese in the whole set of teaching materials. When reviewing in class, they should get the main points, learn by analogy, pay attention to the connection of knowledge, sum up the rules and teach them to fish. Therefore, in this review process, we must highlight the key points, make each lesson useful, and fully reflect the continuity and relevance of the knowledge system and the spirit of taking methods in class and applying them outside class.

only in this way can we achieve a qualitative leap from the accumulation of quantity, and we can achieve a deep understanding from superficial familiarity and then use it calmly. 2. Strengthen targeted training and review the previous three steps steadily. Without effective supervision measures, it is very easy to give up halfway or get half the result with half the effort.

the first step is to check the homework. For the second and third steps, it is necessary to strengthen the training.

review is promoted by assessment, and the effect is tested by results. The second step, one unit and one test, focuses on the content words, function words, special sentence patterns, flexible use of parts of speech and common sense of literature and culture in the textbook, plus the translation of key sentences in the text and the dictation of famous sentences and articles.

one class hour is appropriate for the test. The third step, one book and one test, is two class hours.

In addition to the above contents, add extra-curricular examination. Translation and reading are all selected from extra-curricular activities (it is best to read classical Chinese in the college entrance examination in the last six years, and translation can also make propositions from it, so as to kill two birds with one stone and save review time). The examination points should be linked with the knowledge points in this book, reflecting the transfer of knowledge and the transformation of ability. This kind of test questions must be put forward by teachers themselves, aimed at textbooks, students and their own teaching.

In the lesson preparation group, it is best for several teachers to cooperate with each other in division of labor, and each teacher should assign a part of the proposition task according to the specific situation, which is convenient for the collective to enjoy the mental resources of lesson preparation and avoid repeated examination and ineffective work. 3. The purpose of practicing the college entrance examination and reviewing textbooks by applying what you have learned is to gain the ability to transfer knowledge easily.

whether this ability is available or not, or whether it can be effectively displayed, is ultimately reflected in the answer to the test questions. Therefore, facing the college entrance examination and laying a solid foundation, we need to solve the problem of applying what we have learned.

Two weeks before the next semester in senior three, do some intensive training in this respect, so that students can effectively apply their textbook knowledge and solve problems with ease. The college entrance examination questions over the years have all been practiced through the testing training when reviewing textbooks. At this time, don't rush to do the simulation questions of classical Chinese reading and translation. First, use four class hours to concentrate and summarize the content words, function words, flexible use and sentence patterns respectively, connect the text with the college entrance examination, summarize the characteristics, grasp the rules, and make students understand this part of knowledge from perceptual knowledge to rational analysis.

Then, adopt the method of intensive training, select excellent simulated test questions, and do ten big readings of classical Chinese. Finally, in the month before the college entrance examination, students should be required to do a reading of classical Chinese (including translation) every day, with the purpose of maintaining a good sense of language. It is best to choose exercises with answers. If explanations are needed, teachers only need to spend eight to ten minutes before class.

second, the analysis of the classical Chinese reading test questions in the college entrance examination. Looking at the classical Chinese test questions in recent ten years, in addition to paying attention to historical biography in material selection, the literary quality is beautiful and there are many proposition points, which are suitable for high school students to read, but also have the following characteristics. 1. From the content of the exam, the classical Chinese test pays equal attention to "words" and "writing".

The word "Yan" here refers to the knowledge of classical Chinese, the understanding of real words and function words, the discrimination of ancient and modern words, etc. "Wen" mainly refers to the understanding of the meaning of the text. In the past three years (1999), the number of classical Chinese test questions is generally six, and the division of the test content of the six questions is clear. Basically, the first three questions focus on testing "words", while the last three questions focus on testing "words", and the scores are "equally divided", each accounting for 9 points.

The test of classical Chinese pays equal attention to both words and writing, which has changed the bad tendency of emphasizing words rather than writing in the past, and is essentially just a test of ancient Chinese. It has played a positive guiding role in the teaching of classical Chinese in middle schools and has been well received by the majority of Chinese teachers in middle schools. Therefore, the characteristics of this proposition have been preserved in the classical Chinese proposition.

although there was a tone in 22. 3. Sorting out the common sense of classical Chinese in senior high school

Read The Story of Xiaoshi Pond and review the following questions. 1. Common sense of literature The author of this article is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, a native of Hedong, and a writer of _ _ _ _ _ _. Together with _ _ _ _ _ _ _, he advocated the movement of classical Chinese, ranking first. This article is one of "". Second, the phonetic notation is clear (), and the bamboo roll () is at the bottom of the stone (), and it is awkward (), () and suddenly () it is still and lonely (). Explanation of key words 1. From the hill's 12-step westbound (), we can see that the water in Xiaotan () is especially clear across the bamboo () (), and the whole stone is at the bottom (), and there is no place to swim (), and it is swaying () and swaying (). ) Fighting in a snake () () Sorrow and cold bones () () Ringing and closing () Loneliness and no one () Quietly worrying () Quiet () Cui Shi Erxiaosheng () remembers it and goes away () You can't stay long () but follow it () 2, ① The whole stone is the bottom () ② The bottom of the stone is rolled out (). () ① The water is especially clear () ② The environment is too clear () ① There are hundreds of fish in the pond () ② The source is unknown () V. Cut down the bamboo to take the road, see the small pond below, and the water is especially clear. 2, green trees and vines, swaying and swaying, staggered. 3, looking at the southwest of the pool, fighting snakes, flickering. 4. Its shore potential is different from each other, and its source is unknown. 5, the sun is clear, the shadow is on the stone, 6, the gods are cold and the bones are quiet, 7, the whole stone is the bottom, near the shore, and the bottom of the stone is rolled out. 8, there are hundreds of fish in the pond, all of which are empty and helpless. 9, because its territory is too clear, you can't live for a long time, but remember it. 4. Guidance for reviewing the college entrance examination: What are the methods for reading classical Chinese

1. The scope of the classical Chinese examination in class is to teach reading articles in senior high schools.

First, focus on the key points when reviewing. According to the examination scope and requirements of the syllabus and their own familiarity, we should choose and focus on the review content.

2. generally examine the meaning and usage of common function words and content words in classical Chinese. Content words often examine words with polysemy, different meanings in ancient and modern times and flexible parts of speech; The examination of sentences focuses on the sentence structure and sentence meaning of key sentences; The examination of content is basically similar to that of modern Chinese.

From words, phrases and sentences to literary common sense, thoughts and feelings, and expression techniques, we should highlight the main points and sum up the rules. Second, we must choose a good title.

Select the articles with beautiful quality in the teaching and reading contents, which are often the most typical articles with the widest knowledge coverage in classical Chinese, so review can get twice the result with half the effort. 3. In recent two years, most of the extracurricular reading of classical Chinese in college entrance examination chose story-based paragraphs.

The content is relatively simple, and the investigation content is basically similar to that in class. When doing problems, we must pay attention to the connection with the texts or knowledge points learned in class, and pay attention to the transfer and application from class to extracurricular.

4. Classical Chinese reading questions are mainly divided into two categories. First, translation: the way to solve these questions is: (1) to know the general idea of the full text and grasp the tendency of the text.

(2) Know the meaning of the context of the translated sentence in detail, and translate it word for word, and do a good job of changing, leaving, deleting, supplementing and adjusting. Pay attention to the key words in the sentence when translating, which are often the scoring points.

(3) The meanings of words in the text can also be deduced from modern words and idioms. (4) In addition, we should pay attention to some special phenomena, such as flexible use of parts of speech, different meanings in ancient and modern times, passing false words, and compound words with partial meanings.

(5) If literal translation fails, use free translation. It must be inferred according to the context, not rigidly adhere to the original structure, and boldly speculate in connection with the actual life.

The second is enlightenment: when answering such questions, we should pay attention to the ideological tendency, grasp the author's basic emotional position, contact the main plot and main characters of the article, and grasp the critical sentences to think and answer from multiple angles and sides. 5. Highlights of the review of classical Chinese in the senior high school entrance examination

First of all, we should carefully "eat" the senior high school entrance examination questions in Tianjin in the past two years.

In the past two years, there is basically no change in the structure, content, type and quantity of the senior high school entrance examination questions. The examination paper is divided into four sections: accumulation, classical Chinese reading, modern Chinese reading and composition.

The content of the test questions is relatively stable, and the purpose of the test is clear: from the accumulation and application of famous sayings and sentences in and out of class, to the reading of classical Chinese in and out of class, to the reading of modern Chinese in and out of class, and finally to the writing of topic composition. Attach importance to the examination of students' knowledge accumulation, especially the ability of students to analyze and solve problems by combining life practice and life experience.

how should we analyze the exam questions in the past two years? Now only the four sections of the test paper are briefly explained. First, the accumulation part.

The scope of the exam is basically the famous articles and sentences that are required to be recited in the junior middle school teaching reading items. Reciting and reviewing should not only strengthen memory but also understand it, and be able to use it flexibly.

Not only do you recite articles, but you should also implement every word, especially the words that often make mistakes in dictation, and you should always "review the past". Remember: if you make a mistake in one word, you will lose if you are full.

second, the classical Chinese part. The scope of the classical Chinese examination in class is the teaching and reading articles of junior high school.

First, focus on the key points when reviewing. According to the examination scope and requirements of the syllabus and their own familiarity, we should choose and focus on the review content.

generally examine the meaning and usage of common function words and content words in classical Chinese. Content words often examine more than one word.