2. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems and the beginning of China's ancient poems. It collected 365,438+065,438+0 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period (from the 0 th century to the 6 th century), among which 6 poems were sheng poems, that is, only titles, but no contents.
3. Laozi's Tao Te Ching is known as the "King of All Classics" and "Encyclopedia". Some say it's philosophy, some say it's intelligence, and some say it's military. But it is the general principle of how to "get the Tao", so the Tao Te Ching may be called the Tao Te Ching. Tao Te Ching is about Yifeng, with more than 5,000 words and 8 1 chapter. It is divided into two parts. The first part is called Tao Te Ching, and the next part is called Tao Te Ching. Tao Jing tells the origin of the universe, the mystery of the changes of everything in the world, and the general laws of the universe and nature. The Classic of Virtue is about the strategy of dealing with the world, the technique of advancing and retreating, and the expression of human outlook on life and morality. Tao is the foundation of virtue, and virtue is the carrier and embodiment of Tao. The wisdom of Tao Te Ching comes from Laozi's insight into the world and subtle thinking, which involves the cultivation of human nature, philosophy of life, the way of governing the country, military philosophy and so on. Laozi's thought is basically a practical knowledge.
4. Sima Guang's Zi Tongzhi Jian Zi Tongzhi Jian is a chronological history book compiled by Sima Guang and his assistants Liu Ban, Liu Nu and Fan Zuyu on the basis of a large number of historical materials, which records the history from the twenty-third year of Zhou Wei's martyrdom (403 BC) to the sixth year of Zhou Shizong's Chengde (959 AD) 1362. The book describes the historical development from strategy to the Five Dynasties, discusses the reasons for the rise and fall of the unified dynasties such as Qin, Han, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, and dozens of regimes such as the Seven Heroes in the Warring States, the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu, the Sixteen Countries in the Five Lakes, the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the Ten Countries in the Five Dynasties, and vividly depicts the way emperors treat people as political countries, as well as their joys and sorrows in life and death in the historical whirlpool. Today, Zi Tong Zhi Jian is still a must-read book to understand and learn the history of China.
5. Three Hundred Tang Poems is a widely circulated anthology of Tang poems. The 289-year-long Tang Dynasty (6 18 ~907) was the golden age of China's poetry development. There are many famous poets, and there are more than 50,000 Tang poems. Sun Qin 'an's "600 Kinds of Summaries and Prefaces of Selected Poems of Tang Poetry" points out that "the selected poems of Tang poetry have been lost in large numbers, and there are still more than 300 kinds. Among them, the most popular is "300 Tang Poems". " There are 77 poems in 300 Tang Poems, totaling 3 10. Among them, there are 38 poems by Du Fu, 29 poems by Wang Wei, 27 poems by Li Bai and 22 poems by Li Shangyin. It is the best introductory book for primary and middle school students to get in touch with China's classical poems.
6. Sun Wu's Art of War, also known as Sun Wu's Art of War, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Sun Wu's Art of War, etc. Sun Tzu's Art of War is regarded as a military classic. It has a history of 2500 years since its birth, and it has been studied in all dynasties. Li Shimin said, "Look at the art of war, there is no Sun Wu". Sun Tzu's art of war is a strategy, and strategy is not a trick, but a great strategy and great wisdom. Today, Sun Tzu's art of war has gone global. It has also been translated into many languages and occupies an important position in the world military history.
7. Zhuangzi's Zhuangzi and Zhuangzi, also known as the South China Classic, are Taoist classics. Zhuangzi mainly reflects Zhuangzi's philosophy, art, aesthetics, outlook on life and politics. Zhuangzi's articles, with fantastic imagination, ingenious conception, rich and colorful ideological world and literary artistic conception, Wang Yang's wanton writing style, romantic artistic style and magnificent mystery, are typical works of pre-Qin philosophers. Zhuangzi's words seem to praise Wan Li with infinite imagination, but they are well-founded and more important than historical materials. Mr. Lu Xun said, "His style of writing is Wang Yang's, and his manners are all square. The works of the late Zhou philosophers should not be the first. " Known as "nine-flow pliers, bag a hundred bags."
8. Wu Chucai's view of ancient prose. The word "Guan" means "the articles included in the anthology represent the highest level of classical Chinese". It is a literary reader selected by Kangxi in Qing Dynasty for the use of academic schools. In the past 300 years, Guanzhi of China's Ancient Literature has spread widely and exerted great influence, and it is unique among many selected works of China's ancient literature. When commenting on Guanzi, an ancient literature in China, Mr. Lu Xun thought that it was the same as Selected Works of Zhaoming, and "both of them had the same influence on literature."
9. The Analects of Confucius, as a collection of words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, has a wide range of contents, mostly involving human social life, which has had a great influence on the psychological quality and moral behavior of the Han nationality. It is a classic of Confucianism, and it has been a must-read book for beginners in China for more than two thousand years until the modern New Culture Movement. As an excellent collection of recorded prose, it recorded Confucius' remarks in implicit and meaningful language. The words of Confucius' persuasion recorded in the Analects of Confucius, or the simple response, stop immediately; Or stimulate debate, Kan Kan and conversation; Rich in change, expressive and touching. Moreover, The Analects of Confucius taught future generations how to be a man. The Analects of Confucius, the Book of Changes and Laozi are all original classics of the Chinese nation. They are not only important carriers of morality and culture, but also the wisdom crystallization of ancient sages through self-cultivation, enlightenment and the unity of man and nature.
10, Zeng Guofan's letter Zeng Guofan's letter Zeng Guofan's letter has a wide range of contents, including both the way to run the army and the way to live. Since the first issue 1879, they have been widely circulated and are important materials for studying his people and the history of this period. Zeng Jiashu's writing is leisurely, free in form, free in thought and free in writing, and contains true knowledge and good words in plain family affairs. Zeng Guofan studied hard all his life, praised Confucianism and emphasized pragmatism, and became another "master of Confucianism" after Confucius, Mencius and Zhu. He innovated the literary theory of Tongcheng School, and poetry presided over Daoguang, Xianfeng and Tongzhi literary circles, which can be described as the highest generation of moral articles.