Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev, a 19th-century Russian critical realist writer. His major works include the novels "Luoting", "The Noble House", "The Night Before", "Father and Son", "Virgin Land", and the novellas "Axia", "First Love", etc.

Turgenev was born into a noble family in Orel Province, but he hated the serfdom system since he was a child. He studied at Moscow University and Petersburg University. After graduation, he went to Berlin for further study. After returning to China, he became close friends with Belinsky. He wrote for the magazine "Modern Man" from 1847 and opposed serfdom from a liberal and humanitarian standpoint.

Turgenev began to create when he was in college. "Hunter's Notes", written successively from 1847 to 1852, is his famous work, which mainly shows the relationship between farmers and landlords under serfdom. The work's anti-serfdom tendencies offended the authorities, who arrested and exiled Turgenev on the grounds that he violated censorship regulations by publishing an article commemorating Gogol. While in detention he wrote the anti-serfdom short story "Mumu".

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Characteristics of Turgenev's creation

Turgenev has a deep love for mankind, which is not only reflected in his Praise and praise for people with noble qualities such as kindness, bravery, tenacity, etc., and especially reflected in his deep sympathy for the suffering of mankind. This is reflected in his always trying his best to help those who are suffering, and in his hatred and condemnation of those who caused such suffering. All of these are fully reflected in his works.

Based on humanitarianism, Turgenev ruthlessly exposed and profoundly criticized the inhumane social system. His works all reflect this uncompromising spirit, which also shows his complete break with the aristocratic class from which he came.

Some of Turgenev’s heroes and heroines have become immortal artistic images in Russian literature, and love descriptions play an important role in the plots of Turgenev’s novels. The love described in Turgenev's novels without exception leads to a tragic ending.

Baidu Encyclopedia—Turgenev