Goethe

Goethe’s Life

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) was a poet from the mid-18th to the 19th century The most important writer and poet in early Germany and Europe, his life spanned two centuries, at a time of great social turmoil and change in Europe. The gradual collapse of the feudal system and the continuous rise of revolutionary forces prompted Goethe to continue to accept the influence of advanced ideological trends, thereby deepening his understanding of society and creating the best contemporary works.

Goethe was born on August 28, 1749, in a wealthy citizen family in the town of Frankfurt. He studied law at the University of Leipzig and the University of Strasbourg, and also worked as a lawyer for a short period of time. But his main interest lies in literary creation. From 1775 to 1786, in order to improve the real society, he applied to be an official in the Principality of Weimar, but achieved nothing. In June 1786, he went to Italy to concentrate on the study of natural sciences and engage in painting and literary creation. In 1788, he returned to Weimar and became theater director.

Goethe was the leader of the German Sturm und Drang movement. His works are full of the rebellious spirit of the Sturm und Drang movement, and he has made high achievements in poetry, drama, prose, etc. His main works include the play "Gerz von Burishingen" and the novella "Young Werther's Life". "Trouble", the unfinished poetic drama "Prometheus" and the prototype of the poetic drama "Faust" "Original Faust". In addition, he also wrote many lyric poems and critical articles.

"Getz von Burisingen" is Germany's first realist historical drama. Gezi was a fallen knight in Germany in the 16th century. He once participated in a peasant uprising and later betrayed the peasants. As a knight and a representative of a dying class, Gezi rose up against the existing system. It was a tragic confrontation of the knight class against the emperor and feudal lords. However, in Goethe's writings, Goetz was written as a hero who opposed feudal tyranny and fought for freedom and unity. He deeply sympathized with the suffering of the people and rebuked the princes who fought for rights and harmed the country and the people, so he was loved by the people. The play's condemnation of the dark society at that time, its passionate yearning for freedom and unity, and its praise of heroes of personal resistance all reflected the spirit of the Sturm und Drang movement. Artistically, the play adopts the method of Shakespeare's drama creation.

"The Sorrows of Young Werther" is an epistolary novel. The protagonist Werther is a young man born in the city. He longs for a free and equal life and hopes to engage in useful practical work. However, the society surrounding him is full of caste prejudice and despicable habits. The conservative and corrupt officialdom, the vulgar and submissive citizens, and the arrogant nobles caused constant conflicts between him and the reality around him. He himself fell into a hopeless love and finally embarked on the road of suicide. The conflict between Werther and society has anti-feudal significance. Through Werther's tragedy, the novel exposed and criticized many unreasonable realities in German society at that time, and expressed the revolutionary sentiments of the awakened German youth generation. Therefore, it caused a stir as soon as it was published. The strong response formed a wave of Werther fever, and it soon spread to various European countries, becoming the first literary work from various countries to have a major international impact.

"Prometheus" is a poetic drama by Goethe based on ancient Greek mythology. Although the script has not been completed, the fragments that have been handed down have expressed Goethe's strong anti-feudal spirit in his youth. Prometheus in the play denies Zeus's rights, opposes Zeus's tyranny, and wants to create new humans who share his contempt for Zeus. The tenacity of character that Werther lacked was embodied in this mythical figure.

In the first ten years of Goethe's stay in Weimar, Goethe was immersed in his affairs and rarely created anything. After arriving in Italy, he successively completed some of the works he had begun, writing works such as "Iphigenia in Tauris" and "Egmont", as well as "Tasso" and "Faust" Some chapters.

The script "Egmont" is based on the history of the Dutch people's struggle against Spain in the 16th century. Egmont was a wavering aristocratic opposition in history. Goethe wrote him as a hero who fought for the freedom and unity of the nation and was loved by the people. However, he lacked positive actions and advocated taking mild measures, and was eventually executed. The show still retains the revolutionary sentiment of Sturm und Drang , but the characters' rebellious spirit has been reduced.

"Iphigenia in Tauris" is based on Greek mythology. The protagonist Iphigenia is in a foreign country, but she can impress the king with her perfect conduct and philanthropic heart, and change the barbaric society there. customs and establish norms of humanity and justice.

Goethe's creations in his later years were extremely rich, including the autobiographical works "Poetry and Truth", "Travel in Italy", the novel "Affinity" and "The Wandering Times of Wilhelm Meister", a collection of lyric poems "A Collection of West and East", and shortly before his death, he completed the second part of "Faust". These works reflect Goethe's emphasis on practice and his affirmation of working for human happiness, indicating that the positive factors in his thoughts have increased compared with the previous period.

Although "William Meister's Age of Wandering" is not as attractive as "William Meister's Age of Learning", it is centered on exploring the ideal social system and believes that people can only work for the collective Only through welfare and active labor can the meaning of life be gained, and the mind should be more open-minded and positive. Many of Goethe's lyric poems in his later years shone with the light of materialism and optimism, and they were unique in the German literary world at that time when passive romantic literature was popular. The completion of the second part of "Faust" particularly prominently reflects Goethe's new ideological and artistic development in his later years.

Goethe died of illness on March 22, 1832. Goethe is the most outstanding representative of German national literature. His creations raised German literature to the advanced level of Europe and made great contributions to the development of European literature.

The novel "The Sorrows of Young Werther" by the famous German writer Goethe is a small pearl in the treasure house of world literature. It has been loved by young people of different countries and nationalities. Understanding the reasons for the creation of this novel will make people love this work and its author even more.

Goethe, 24, went to Vizsla on business. On the way to attend a dance, he accidentally met a girl named Charlotte and fell in love at first sight. Charlotte was the fiancée of Goethe's friend Kesternan. She was 15 years old at the time, while Kesternam was 31 years old. Goethe fell in love with Charlotte and confessed his love to her desperately. This frightened Charlotte, and she told her fiancé Goethe's confession, but Kestrenan seemed indifferent to it. Goethe was shocked when he learned about this situation. For himself and for Charlotte, he immediately fled back to Frankfurt and cut off this inappropriate love. A few months later, another friend of his, Yelcharin, committed suicide because he fell in love with someone else's wife and could not bear the accusations from public opinion. After Goethe learned about this incident, he was deeply touched and wrote the novel "The Sorrows of Young Werther" using Yelchalin as a prototype. This novel made him famous for a while.

"Faust" is one of Goethe's masterpieces. It took him 60 years to write this masterpiece. The first part of "Faust" was completed during the French invasion in 1808, and the second part was completed on August 31, 1831, when he was 83 years old. This immortal poetic drama. Using German folklore as the theme and German and European society since the Renaissance as the background, it tells the story of an emerging bourgeois advanced intellectual who is dissatisfied with reality and strives to explore the meaning of life and social ideals. It is a poetic drama that perfectly combines realism and romanticism.

Goethe was born on August 28, 1749 and died on March 22, 1832. His great contribution to the treasure house of world literature made him a world cultural celebrity. Every year on his birthday, literary and artistic celebrities from various countries Commemorative activities were held across the world.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath. Goethe's works span the fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, Humanism, science, and painting. His most enduring work , the two-part dramatic poem Faust, is considered one of the peaks of world literature. Goethe's other well-known literary works include his numerous poems, the Bildungsroman Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, the epistolary novel The Sorrows of Young Werther and the semi-autobiographical novel Elective Affinities.

Goethe's famous sayings, aphorisms, aphorisms, quotations

·No one is stupid, but if you don't use your brain you will find that you are stupid!

· Who is the happiest person? He is a person who can feel the achievements of others and regard the happiness of others as his own happiness.

·The greatest happiness lies in having our shortcomings corrected and our mistakes remedied.

· The happiest people are those who can connect the end point and the starting point of their lives.

· When a fool feels that life is difficult, a wise person seems to have it easy; and when a fool feels that life is easy, a wise person finds it difficult.

·Isn’t the purpose of life to turn temporary things into permanent ones? To do this, you must know how to cherish the transient and the eternal.

·Although everyone desires much, what is needed is very little. Because life is short and human destiny is limited.

· Anyone who has not eaten bread with tears does not understand the taste of life.

· Whoever plays life will achieve nothing; whoever cannot master himself will always be a slave.

· Whether life or freedom, you have to win it every day, only then can you be qualified to enjoy it.

· Only such a person deserves life and freedom, if he fights for it every day.

· As long as a person claims to be free, he will also feel that he is restricted. If you dare to claim that you are limited, you will feel free.

· It is natural to tell others about yourself; therefore, it is a kind of education to take seriously what others tell you about themselves.

· True like-minded people cannot quarrel for long; they will always make peace again.

· As long as you tell me what kind of people you have friends with, I can tell you who you are.

· Friendship can only be created and maintained in practice.

· Those who know the danger but do not tell it are enemies.

· People should have a heart that loves the truth and adopts it whenever they see it.

· Error is to truth what sleep is to waking. When a person awakens from error, he moves toward truth with new strength.

· Struggle is the school for mastering skills, and setbacks are the bridge to truth.

· The love for truth is reflected in: knowing how to discover and cherish the benefits of every thing.

·We must always say the truth repeatedly, because errors are also repeatedly propagated by people, and not by individual people but by large numbers of people.

·The key is to have a heart that loves the truth and absorb the truth whenever and wherever you encounter it.

· To find out the sporadic truths obtained by predecessors and further develop them is a merit that deserves to be rewarded.

· Smart young people think that if they admit the truth that has been recognized by others, they will lose their originality. This is a huge mistake.

· Truth is a torch, and it is a huge torch, so when we try to walk past it with the fear of being burned by it, it is difficult to even open our eyes. open.

· It is much easier to see error than to discover truth; for error lies in the open and can be overcome, while truth lies deep and cannot be discovered by anyone.

· Whoever accepts pure experience and acts on it has sufficient truth.

· The history of knowledge is like a great polyphony, in which the voices of all nationalities sound one after another.

· There are many beautiful and outstanding things in the world, but they are not dependent on each other.

·Although we can grow up relying on the protection of parents and relatives, rely on brothers and friends, rely on the support of friends, and gain happiness from loving people, no matter what, in the final analysis, human beings still rely on themselves.

· How magnificent, vast, and far-reaching is my heritage! Time is my property, my land is time.

· By saving time, I will probably get the most precious diamond.

·What cannot be done today will not be done tomorrow. Don't let a day go by in vain. You must make up your mind to grab what is possible and hold it tightly. If you are determined, you will not let it escape, and you must implement it.

· There are sixty minutes in an hour, which is more than a thousand minutes in a day. Once you understand this truth, you will know how much contribution a person can make.

· Anyone who plays games with life will achieve nothing in his life. Anyone who cannot master himself will always be a slave.

· Use your time properly! What you need to understand is not to seek the far side.

· As long as we make good use of our time, we will never worry about running out of time.

· If you want to do a great career, you must start it in your youth.

· Career is the most important thing, reputation is empty words.

· No matter where a person goes or what career he pursues, he will eventually return to the path pointed by his nature.

· Career is everything, name is just a false name.

· Labor can free us from three major disasters: loneliness, bad habits, and poverty.

· If you want to rejoice in your meaning, you must give meaning to the world.

· Anyone who strives for self-improvement will eventually succeed.

· A person cannot ride two horses. If you ride one horse, you must lose the other horse. A wise person will ignore all requests to distract his energy, and only concentrate on learning one subject, and if he learns one subject, he must learn it well.

·Fantasy is the wings of poets, and hypothesis is the ladder of science.

· As far as science is concerned, finding out the sporadic truths obtained by predecessors and further developing them is a merit that deserves to be rewarded.

· Fantasy is the wings of poets, and hypothesis is the ladder of scientists.

· There is a long time between today and tomorrow; while you still have energy, learn to do things quickly.

· A person not only relies on everything he is born with, but also relies on everything he gets from learning to cultivate himself.

· Experienced people read with two eyes. One eye sees the words on the paper, and the other eye sees the back of the paper.

· A distinguished philosopher said that architecture freezes music. Many people shook their heads at his statement. This is inevitable; we believe that there is no better alternative to this ingenious idea. Well, that would be to call architecture silent music.

· Whoever has a brain to think will end up with nothing but feelings.

· When a great idea comes into the world as a gospel, it becomes an offense to the masses who are bound by stereotypes, and to those who have read a lot but are not very knowledgeable. , but it is a stupid thing.

· It is not how correct, powerful, or beautiful the language itself is, but the power of the thoughts it embodies.

· Our life is like traveling, thoughts are the guides, without guides, everything will stop. Purpose is lost and strength evaporates.

· Heresy is the poetry of life, so having heretical thoughts does no harm to a poet.

· It is easier for us to admit mistakes, faults, and shortcomings in behavior than to errors, faults, and shortcomings in thought.

· Our life is like execution, and thought is the guide; without a guide, everything will stop. Purpose is lost and strength evaporates.

· As far as women’s talents in other areas are concerned, I often find that once a woman gets married, her talents are over.

· What is the hardest job in the world? Thought. There is nothing worth thinking about that has not been thought about before; all we have to do is try to think about it again.

· My life is basically just hard work. I can say that in my seventy-five years, I have never lived a truly comfortable life for a month. It is like a stone going up a mountain, and the stone keeps rising. Roll down and push up again.

·The artist has a dual relationship with nature. He is both the master of nature and the slave of nature. He is the slave of nature because he must use materials from the human world to work in order to make people understand; at the same time, he and the Lord of nature, for he subjects this earthly material to his higher will, and serves it.

· A person of true genius feels the highest degree of happiness in the process of work.

· There is no politeness that can make people see the lack of upbringing at a glance. The correct education is to show both the politeness on the outside and the noble upbringing of the person at the same time.

· Talents can be developed in solitude, but character is best formed in the rough waters of the world.

· It is not a virtue to be willing to be in a lower position; it is a virtue to be able to descend, and it is also a virtue to admit that things below us are higher than us.

· Generosity, and especially humility, win people over.

· Many ideas are generated from certain cultural accomplishments, just like young buds growing on green branches.

· A person should have good manners to highlight his unique nature. Everyone likes to stand out, but this shouldn't cause others to dislike you.

· A person's courtesy is a mirror that reflects his portrait.

· Accepting advice is to enhance one's own abilities.

·Piety is not an end, but a means. It is the means to achieve the highest cultivation through the purest tranquility of the soul.

· There is a courtesy that comes from the heart. It is love in a transformed form. From this arises an outward expression of the most appropriate politeness.

· The final conclusion of wisdom is: whether life or freedom, you must win it every day, only then can you be qualified to enjoy it.

· The so-called true wisdom has been thought about thousands of times; but if we want to make them truly our own, we must think about them again and again until they are reflected in my personal experience. until it takes root.

· Wisdom can only be found in truth.

· What is the best government? It is to guide us to govern our own government.

· Man cannot live alone, he needs society.

· Whoever plays life will achieve nothing; whoever cannot master himself will always be a slave.

· Neither wise men nor fools are harmful, but the most dangerous thing is a mixture of wisdom and foolishness.

· It is a terrible thing for an outstanding person to be appreciated by a group of fools.

· If a smart person does a stupid thing, it will not be a small stupid thing.

· Fools always ask questions that wise men have answered thousands of years ago.

· The body has at least a huge impact on creativity. There was a time in Germany when people often imagined genius as a short, thin hunchback.

But I'd rather see a physical genius.

· Perfection is the standard of God, and the desire to achieve perfection is the standard of mankind.

·I owe my work not entirely to my own intelligence, but also to the thousands of things and people outside myself who provided me with material.

· Experienced people read with two eyes. One eye sees the words on the paper, and the other eye sees the back of the paper.

· Reading a good book is like talking to many noble people.

· Whoever plays life will achieve nothing; whoever does not master himself will always be a slave.

· It is only a moment that determines a person's life and entire destiny.

· The first and last thing that genius requires is the love of truth.

· If it is a rose, it will always bloom.

·We all have something to learn from our predecessors and peers. Even the greatest genius will never achieve much if he tries to rely solely on his unique inner self to deal with everything.

· My life is basically just hard work. I can say that I have lived for seventy-five years, and I have not lived a comfortable life for a month. It is like pushing a stone up a mountain, and the stone does not stop. Roll down and push up again.

· A person with truly great talents feels the highest degree of happiness in the process of work.

·My property is so beautiful, so vast, so wide. Time is my property, and my field is time.

· People who make good use of time will always find plenty of time.

·We must always say the truth repeatedly, because errors are also repeatedly propagated, and it is not propagated by individual people but by large numbers of people.

· People often mix truth and error to teach others, but what they insist on is error.

·The key is to have a heart that loves the truth and absorb the truth whenever and wherever you encounter it.

· Whoever wants to play life will achieve nothing. Anyone who cannot master himself will always be a slave.

· We cannot all serve the motherland in the same way. Everyone should do their best according to their talents.

· If you want to love your own value, you have to create value for the world.

· There is a long time between today and tomorrow; while you still have energy, learn to do things quickly.