abstinence and wisdom are called three studies, that is, three trainings. The Buddha taught us that we need to cultivate these three studies:
1. Practice precepts-improve moral conduct;
2. fix-devote yourself to inner peace;
3. cultivate wisdom-cultivate wisdom.
the relationship between abstinence and wisdom is secondary, that is, the relationship is gradual. First of all, we should improve our moral character; With virtue, you should try to calm your heart; Inner peace, should further enhance wisdom.
in some classics, the three disciplines of abstinence and wisdom are also divided into eight parts, which are called "eight sacred ways": right view, right thinking, right words, right career, right destiny, right diligence, right mindfulness and positive definite. Among them, right view and right thinking belong to wisdom, right language, right career and right destiny belong to abstinence, and right diligence, right mindfulness and positive determination belong to fixed learning. That is to say, to practice the Eight Sacred Paths is to cultivate the wisdom of abstinence.
don't think that practice means sitting on a futon and not eating fireworks. The so-called practice is to practice discipline, stability and wisdom, and cultivate morality, calmness and wisdom.
Worry is deeply rooted. It is not an easy thing to get rid of it. It is a long process.
There are three levels of troubles from rough to fine, and practice is also from low to high. The three stages of spiritual practice can get rid of three levels of troubles, namely:
1. Get rid of the offending troubles by keeping precepts;
2. Remove disturbing troubles through revision;
3. Remove latent troubles by cultivating wisdom.
observe precepts
Moral conduct is called "precepts" in Buddhism. Many people unilaterally understand "precept" as a negative prohibition, thinking that with precept, there is no freedom, and this can't be done and that can't be done.
however, the Pali word for "Jie" is s? La, which means behavior, habit, quality, nature, nature, etc., usually refers to moral norms, codes of conduct, good moral character, good behavior, etc.
from the original intention of "abstinence", it is to actively cultivate good behavior habits and cultivate good moral character and accomplishment.
As long as a person has good moral quality, he won't do anything that harms others and benefits himself, or even harms nature and interests. People with morality and discipline will not do anything that will hurt others and will be condemned by their conscience.
precepts, also known as "learning place", are learning norms and training rules. The precepts can be divided into monk's school and family's school. There are many monastic schools, for example, there are 227 basic schools in monks, and there are countless other small codes of conduct. However, although there are many places to learn, the ultimate goal is only one-to get rid of troubles.
Relatively speaking, there are far fewer schools for family members, and the most basic code of conduct is only five, which are called "pacasatilde" (pacasatilde; la)。 These five learning points are achieved by staying away from and avoiding five bad behaviors, namely:
1. Stay away from killing;
2. Stay away from taking (stealing);
3. Stay away from lust (lewdness);
4. stay away from false words;
5. Alcohol (narcotics) far away from the cause of release.
These five learning points are the basic codes of conduct for being a person, being a good person and being a good person. Some people may not understand the significance of observing these five precepts, so we can use the method of "pushing ourselves and others" to understand the necessity of observing the five precepts.
For example, out of respect for life, we should not kill. Anything with life cherishes life and fears death; I don't like being hurt and killed. Why do you want to be violent to other beings and kill others? It is precisely because I don't want to be hurt or killed that I shouldn't hurt or kill other sentient beings. This is the most basic respect for life!
I don't want the property I own to be stolen or robbed, so I shouldn't steal, rob or occupy other people's property.
I hope to have a happy family, and I hope that the family will be harmonious and the husband and wife will live in harmony. Therefore, I shouldn't mess around with men and women outside, making love and having an affair.
I don't like being cheated by others, and I hope what I say will be believed by others, so I should keep my word and match my words with my deeds, and I shouldn't tell lies or deceive people. People all know that smoking, drinking and taking drugs are bad, which wastes money, harms health and even harms the community. Drinking can make people lose their minds, and anything can be done after being drunk. Stay away from these recreational drugs and always stay awake.
In short, when a person wants to improve himself and improve himself, he must first have virtue. With virtue and abstinence, you won't do anything that harms others and society in words and deeds, and you won't become a slave to sexual troubles. By observing precepts and cultivating moral character, we can get rid of offending troubles.
meditation
meditation is a state of inner peace, tranquility and single-mindedness. The way to cultivate stability is called "stop", which means to stop your troubles and devote yourself to inner peace.
The Buddha has taught many methods of cultivation, which are classified into forty kinds of cultivation in The Theory of Pure Tao. Business office (kamma &; ntildentilde; Hàna), that is, where the heart works. All forty seed businesses have a common feature, that is, to achieve inner peace by focusing on a single goal.
why can you achieve inner peace by focusing on a single goal?
For example, if a person doesn't have a job, he may be idle and even make trouble everywhere. If you help him find a job, let him settle down to work; As long as he has a job to do, he won't be idle and do nothing. The same is true of our heart. Without a good guiding direction, it will follow its own preferences, pursue pleasure and float. Let it focus on a specific goal, and it will gradually calm down. This is the principle of cultivating concentration. Buddhism is engaged in spiritual work. It teaches us how to guide this heart, make good use of it and make it develop in a good direction.
in the classics, the concentration cultivated to a certain height is usually called "meditation". Meditation means that the mind is in a state of high concentration. If a person reaches the state of meditation, his mind can remain in a state of extreme joy, happiness, tranquility and extraordinary victory for a long time.
Buddhism divides meditation into eight levels, including four colors of Zen and four colorless meditation: the first meditation, the second meditation, the third meditation, and the fourth meditation, where there is no space, where there is no knowledge, where there is no ownership, and where there is no fantasy. The higher the altitude, the better. In advanced meditation, even if joy and happiness disappear, the heart is only in an extremely quiet, subtle and extraordinary state.
In addition, there is a kind of meditation which is focused but low-level, and it is called "near-line meditation", which means meditation close to Zen.
In Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and other Buddhist countries spread to the south, these methods of cultivating concentration are still widely taught and practiced. According to the teachings of Biku people, many meditators, including many family members, can experience different levels of meditation, and personally prove the feasibility and practicability of Buddha's teaching.
When a meditator enters meditation, his mind will not be troubled, and even distractions will not arise. In the meantime, troubled troubles are completely overwhelmed by strong determination.
If you want to get rid of latent troubles and eradicate inner troubles, you should cultivate wisdom. Only through wisdom can troubles be uprooted.
the wisdom mentioned here does not mean that the brain turns quickly, has strong understanding ability and good memory; Nor does it mean that you can beat your opponent in shopping malls, officialdom, battlefields and examination rooms and rise to the top. These abilities can only be called talent or intelligence, not wisdom as Buddhism says. The wisdom that Buddhism refers to is the wisdom that can thoroughly know the truth of life and gain insight into the essence of the world.
the method of cultivating concentration is called "cultivation", and the method of cultivating wisdom is called "cultivation", that is, observing the name and color method truthfully, observing the impermanence, suffering and selflessness of the world. Therefore, the method of cultivating concentration and wisdom is collectively called "stop watching".
Wisdom
We need to observe the name color method through wisdom, and understand that the name color method is nothing more than composed of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind. Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and body are called five, that is, five senses, which constitute this color body (body). There are six kinds of meanings, namely, six senses: eye knowledge, ear knowledge, nose knowledge, tongue knowledge, body knowledge and consciousness. These six senses recognize six objects respectively: color, sound, smell, taste, touch and various phenomena (due to the law). We live in this world, which is the interaction between our body and mind and these six objects.
When we see beautiful things, hear sweet sounds, eat delicious food and so on, it is easy to get greedy and want to pursue these things. Be careful that when you come into contact with an object you don't like, your heart will repel and resist, and it is easy to get angry. Ignorance of the nature of things is called delusion. Greed and ignorance are all unkind, that is, trouble.
We should use this method to observe how the name color method is formed. How do they work? Under what circumstances is kindness born, and under what circumstances is unkindness born? How to cultivate kindness and how to avoid unkindness?
after understanding the method of name and color, we must further trace the cause of name and color and the cause of life. Every fruit has its cause, and life, as a result, must have its cause. Why is there life? Because there are troubles, greed and pursuit, they want this thing and that thing, so they will take action to create good or bad karma. When these good or bad karma comes to maturity, they will produce corresponding results. Life and different situations in life are the result of these behaviors. Once you have life, you stick to it; When the body and mind come into contact with different external conditions, they will have new troubles. As a result, worry, karma and karma are mutually causal, forming a vicious circle. If we don't work hard to break this chain and stop this cycle, the pain of reincarnation will be endless.
after understanding the causes of famous colors and famous colors, we must also observe that they are impermanent, bitter and egoless. All phenomena in the world, including body and mind, are not eternal, and everything changes in a flash, which is called impermanence. Everything is suffering from the persecution of birth and death, so it is "bitter". Because of impermanence and bitterness, it is impossible to have a so-called "self", "soul", "entity" and "ontology", which is called "no self"
In this way, we can look at all the worlds, including our own body and mind, the body and mind of others, regardless of the past, present and future, everything is impermanent, bitter and egoless. Through such a thorough observation of wisdom, when his wisdom is mature, he can get rid of his troubles and get rid of all his sufferings.
wisdom is closely related to the four noble truths. In the classics, it is called wisdom to know the four noble truths truthfully, and the object that wisdom knows is the four noble truths.
Through wisdom, I learned that the famous color method belongs to the bitter and sacred truth; The reason for the famous color method is to gather the holy truths. Observing the name color method and the reason why the name color method is impermanent, bitter and selfless is called observing wisdom. That is to say, the object of observing wisdom is the bitter truth and the gathering truth. When the meditator's view of wisdom is mature, that is, wisdom beyond the world (out of the world)-Tao wisdom is born. Tao's wisdom completely removes the corresponding troubles and realizes nirvana. Nirvana is the truth of destroying holiness and the goal of Taoism and wisdom. The enlightenment of Nirvana's Tao wisdom is the sacred truth of Tao. In addition, from the point of view that the noble truth of Tao is the way to lead to the extinction of suffering, the process of cultivating the wisdom of abstinence can also be called the noble truth of Tao.
When a meditator completely removes all his troubles, he is called "the leaker"-the one who removes all his troubles. It can also be called "Allahan"-a saint worthy of respect, respect and support.