A bureaucrat is a person who doesn't have his own ideas or concepts, but only acts according to rules and regulations. They are part of the state machine and will only operate according to the prescribed procedures.

Politicians just don't have their own beliefs and ideas, or their beliefs and ideas always cater to the public and have no independent thoughts and personality. Whatever the tastes of the masses are, they cater to them, right or wrong.

Politicians have their own independent beliefs and ideas, and even if the masses don't understand them, they dare to stick to them. And I will not give up my beliefs and ideas because of the opposition of the masses. Even if he will yield to the masses in some cases, he will continue to follow his own beliefs and ideas if conditions permit.

For example, Hong Kong officials are bureaucrats, Taiwan Province officials are politicians, and Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai in China are politicians.