Second, reading more and reading widely is the premise to improve the writing level. To write a good article, you must read more books. "Reading is like a million volumes, and writing is like a god." "I am familiar with three Tang poems, I can't write poems and I can't sing." Mr. Lu Xun also advocates reading more books. "You must pick many flowers like bees, so that you can brew honey. If you bite in one place, your income will be limited and boring. " We emphasize that we should not only read more, but also read selectively, and even more, understand the structural skills and language characteristics of the articles we read, and master the composition from them, so as to be more profound and diverse.
Third, choosing materials skillfully and carefully is an accelerator to improve the writing level. The requirement of material selection is novelty. The so-called novelty means that the batch should choose something that ordinary people have never touched, or turn a blind eye to it with profound meaning. Once the author writes in a book, it will make people think deeply about exciting materials. The angle of material selection should be small, we should see the big picture from the small place and write the materials in everyone's eyes instead of what everyone wrote. To this end, we must compare, analyze and synthesize various materials in our minds, remove the rough and extract the fine, and transform and process them. Only in this way can the materials be novel. And this kind of positive thinking and repeated deliberation is very helpful to improve the level of composition.
Fourth, practicing writing often is the key to improve the writing level. Want to enter the door of composition, make continuous progress, and more importantly, practice more. As the saying goes, "it is better to write one than to read ten articles." This tells the truth that writing practice produces true knowledge. After learning an article, we understand the structural methods and writing characteristics of the article, so we must learn to use these knowledge and methods to practice and make it our writing ability. In fact, we can all practice writing after learning the first text. However, fragment practice is a good way to practice writing, which takes a short time and achieves the purpose of practicing writing. Keeping a diary is also an effective way to practice writing. Keep a diary every day, and then the Russian foundation will be solid.
Fifth, diligent revision and repeated revision are the catalysts to improve the writing level. Revision is an essential step in composition and an effective measure to improve the quality of composition. The predecessors said well, "the article is never tired of changing." "The article has changed." Cao Xueqin wrote a dream of red mansions, read it for ten years, added and deleted it five times, and Tolstoy's War and Peace was revised seven times. Mr. Lu Xun advocated that "it is not a pity to read it at least twice after deciding and try to delete unnecessary words, sentences and paragraphs." It can be seen that article revision generally refers to the process from the first draft to the final draft. When repairing, we should do five things: whether the text is fluent, whether the theme is clear, whether the structure is compact and whether the language is beautiful. In short, "the article has changed." Generally speaking, the article is always getting better and better, so we should work hard on "revision".
2. What if I can't find the material for writing? I often fall into such confusion, especially when I write at the beginning.
I understand the material as inspiration and feel that inspiration is urgent. I usually ask myself what I like. If you like a person, a word or an event for a period of time, you usually imagine what interesting things will happen around you. If the outline is abolished, from my personal experience, those contents are not what you really want to express. I would have done the same. Once I spent one day writing an outline of a novel, and then I didn't want to read it the next day ... so I abolished it ... but later I rearranged an outline, which made me very happy. The recent feeling is that there are many inspirations, and they are all small, miscellaneous and fragmented, so we can only ponder them slowly.
3. How to write a composition without material? The ancients said, "Reading is like breaking thousands of books, and writing is like a god."
If you really read a lot of books at ordinary times, you can write with ease, without worrying about no language or examples. "A clever woman can't cook without rice."
If there is no writing material, let alone a good composition. This can't be done overnight, relying on a lot of accumulation at ordinary times.
Teachers who review compositions for various big exams mainly look at these points: whether to deduct questions. Don't write a thousand words, digress from Wan Li. )
Whether the language is coherent and fluent. Don't let the teacher think that you didn't graduate from primary school. )
The expressive ability of language. Don't write a lot of sick sentences that you don't even understand. )
Whether there is true feelings. False feelings disgust teachers most, thinking that you don't understand composition at all. )
Of course, there are other factors such as rolling writing. Even if your composition is average, write it well! There are thousands of papers in the exam. It is impossible for a teacher to ponder over what you have written word by word. Teachers are all witty. If your handwriting is messy, even if your article is well written, the first impression to the teacher is that the student can't even write well and his grades are not so good! So the teacher just looked around and gave a score. Therefore, it is very disadvantageous to write badly.
4. What should I do if I can't find the material for my junior high school composition? It is best to write a narrative or an argumentative essay. I didn't get the material from my life. When I was in junior high school, I found that the more I wrote about my true feelings and my life, the lower my score. Instead, I memorized some excellent model essays, and then I pieced together my own articles to score higher.
If your article wants to be different, there is nothing I can do. If it's just to get high marks, my suggestion can still be adopted, hehe.
Narrative is better than argumentative! In all fields of social life, people often come into contact with narrative. Cadres report work progress, police tell stories about traffic accidents, doctors introduce patients' medical records, candidates provide autobiographies, judges state cases, journalists report news, veteran cadres recall revolutionary history, and recruits sum up their growth process. If a text is formed, it is a narrative.
On the other hand, if you accept the above written information from others, you are reading the narrative. In Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools, the proportion of narrative always occupies the first place.
"In order to fully reflect the whole thing, the essence of things and the modernity of things, we must think about it, select the essence from the rich perceptual materials, discard the false and keep the true, and transform it from the outside to the inside to create a system of concepts and theories. We must leap from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge. " (Selected Works of * * * is a four-volume bound volume, page 268) Therefore, in order to accurately answer the question of what is narrative, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and scientific investigation on a series of issues such as the content, form, the relationship between content and form, and the standard of article classification.
Article is a kind of spiritual product, which is the product of various objective realities in life reflected in the author's mind. The content of the article refers to the objective things expressed by the author and the subjective feelings caused by the objective things.
There are three basic types of objective things in the article: (1) the state of people, things, scenes and things in a certain time and space-static state or moving state; (2) Cherish the concrete images of people, things, sights and things that can be perceived by the senses; (3) Cultural and intellectual factors contained in people, events, scenery and things. There are two basic types of subjective feelings expressed in the article: (1) the author's inner experience of external things; (2) the author's views and opinions on external things.
These two aspects and five basic types, roughly include all the contents of all articles. The form of the article, on the whole, is the first expression used in the article.
Different contents need different expressions. Since the content of the article can be divided into two aspects: objective things and subjective feelings, the corresponding expressions can also be divided into two aspects: on the one hand, objective things are expressed by objective expressions, on the other hand, subjective feelings are expressed by subjective expressions.
There are three basic types of objective expression: (1) narrative, which is used to express the static or dynamic state of people, events, scenes and things; (2) Description, which is used to express the specific images of people, things, scenery and things; (3) Explain the cultural and intellectual factors used to express people, things, scenery and things. There are two basic types of subjective expression: (1) lyric, which is used to express the author's inner experience; (2) Discussion is used to express the author's views or opinions.
The corresponding relationship between the content and expression of the article can be summarized as follows: after clarifying the relationship between the content and form of the article and the mutual evaluation of Dan, let's talk about the standard of article classification. Articles are spiritual products that reflect objective things and subjective feelings.
The diversity of objective things and subjective feelings, coupled with the differences in writing purposes, social functions, publishing methods, length and so on, make the article system like a garden in mid-spring, with colorful and varied postures. Therefore, to classify numerous articles, it is hard to expect to succeed once by applying a standard.
In fact, the classification of goods, like the classification of organisms, should be carried out at different levels, and different levels use different standards. Only in this way can each family and the vast majority of members in each family in the article system have their own place and place.
At present, in all kinds of article research and writing works and teachers' Chinese teaching practice, everyone agrees that expression should be an important standard and basic basis for article classification. However, people have different opinions on whether the expression should be a first-class classification standard or a second-class classification standard.
Thus, this leads to the emergence of two different concepts: "broad narrative" and "narrow narrative". One idea is that for the first time, all articles should be classified by expression, and all articles can be divided into narrative, argumentative and expository.
Any article with narrative as its main expression can be called narrative. In this way, narrative articles include both non-literary articles such as news, newsletters, "three histories" and biographies of real people and stories, as well as narrative literary works created by applying artistic fiction such as short stories and plays.
This is the so-called "generalized narrative". Another view holds that "literature" should be distinguished from "articles" at first, and then the second classification should be made within the scope of "articles" based on expression.
In this way, narrative, argumentative and expository texts can also be distinguished. However, according to this proposition, narrative literature such as novels and plays written by applied art novels are excluded, and only non-literary works containing people and stories are included.
This is the so-called "narrow narrative". Although these two viewpoints have their own theoretical basis, they are both faced with the problem that they cannot be justified.
The former has achieved unity in "narrative is the main form of expression", but the opposition between "truth" and "fiction" cannot be ruled out. The latter resolutely excludes the opposition between "truth" and "fiction", but because a large number of essays about "real people and stories" are not "non-literary works", it is difficult to maintain the unity of "non-literary works".
In view of the contradiction between the above two propositions, someone put forward a theory with no special foundation.