. Small reading is an important way for students to acquire knowledge, and notes are an important auxiliary means to help primary school students improve their reading quality and efficiency. Guiding primary school students to write "My Excerpted Notes" is helpful to cultivate good habits, stimulate interest in learning and improve their writing level.
Key words: guidance for primary school students to extract notes; People who are used to abstraction often say "no pen and ink, no learning", and learning to the point is closely related to taking notes. Reading is an important way for students to acquire knowledge, and taking notes is an important auxiliary means to help primary school students improve their reading quality and efficiency. Guiding primary school students to write "My Notes" is helpful to develop good habits, stimulate their interest in learning and improve their practice level.
Key words: guidance for primary school students to extract notes; habit
In the textbooks published by Beijing Normal University, students will have a new learning method from the fourth grade, that is, learning to write abstract notes. The first volume of grade four begins with the first unit, and in the "accumulation" of "Chinese world", "learning to write abstract notes" is arranged, and from the fourth unit, it becomes "my abstract notes". The main purpose is to cultivate students' ability to collect information, accumulate knowledge and improve their homework by taking notes.
Doing My Excerpted Notes well by primary school students is not only helpful for understanding, memorizing, accumulating and sorting out knowledge, but also a new learning method in the textbook published by Beijing Normal University, which is particularly important for Chinese subjects. So, at the beginning of the first semester of Grade Four, I asked every primary school student to prepare a high-tech extract book, extract the text after studying every day, and combine this activity with the "scholarly campus" activity carried out by our school to achieve the effect of combining inside and outside class and complementing each other after class. The content of the extract can be keywords, new words, useful information and wonderful sentences (especially to strengthen the accumulation of sentences that are good at using various rhetorical devices, appropriate sentences of related words, two-part allegorical sayings and famous sayings). For example, after learning this textbook, the special sentence patterns such as figurative sentences, personification sentences and parallelism sentences in some units are classified and sorted. Extracting useful information is a method that all courses should learn to use. The hardest part is actually in the beginning In the training of My Excerpted Notes for nearly a month at the beginning, primary school students have been seriously polarized, and students with good learning foundation have completely extracted notes. They not only extract good words and sentences in class every day, but also extract some sentences they think are good after class. However, for children with poor study habits or even laziness, taking notes every day is entirely a teacher's task and has not been completed seriously. They just randomly extract a few words or sentences from the text. Because this is a new learning method, I didn't ask too much at first, so I could only let the pupils extract it step by step. I also insist on correcting carefully every day, praising excellent excerpts and notes, so that the whole class can learn circularly. For example, a classmate in my class has done a good job in this respect. For example, my notes can be roughly divided into the following categories: collection of words, squares of beautiful sentences, appreciation of beautiful writing, staying away from typos, gains from learning methods, home of famous sayings and aphorisms, and happy smiles. Moreover, almost every page has a personalized decorative pattern, and before the particularly valuable content or weak knowledge points, it is also marked with "∞" as the key point of extraction. At the same time, give necessary guidance to primary school students who can't take notes well. In addition, in this book, I found that there are a lot of colloquialism spoken by Ding Dong, which is more instructive for transmitting some learning methods, especially taking notes. Dongdong's words suggest a comprehensive learning content: using the learned methods to learn words independently, and using the learned knowledge of Chinese characters to distinguish similar words, homophones, white inspection and mutual inspection. I think this study should be done by students independently, and the method of letting children do a lot of exercises should be abandoned. This is not a good idea, it is a waste of time and aimless. Let children find their own homophones and similar words in the extracted notes, which can not only review and consolidate, but also improve their learning ability. I think it's good to do so. If we insist on it every day, is it necessary for our teacher to write a lot of questions to distinguish similar words at the end of the term? Extracting useful information is a learning method that all courses should learn to use. Because we are a primary school Chinese subject, the focus of the excerpt is language materials. Learning to write abstract notes is a new learning method. During a period of abstract note-taking training, I found that in class, some students only use their brains and do nothing, leaving no words after a class, and some students are busy extracting the whole class. In fact, both of these practices are biased. The former is lost in the "sparse", leaving no trace of learning, which is not conducive to subsequent review, consolidation and improvement; The latter lost the "secret" and gave up the due thinking time, which affected the quality and efficiency of the lecture. In the face of various problems in students' abstraction, how can we let children abstract instead of abstract? How can we make children's excerpts and notes be implemented? Below, I will talk about my experience from the following aspects.
1. Develop good habits and master independent methods by taking notes. When assigning homework, teachers often arrange for students to preview the text and let them do it themselves, which is very random. Students are a little blind, that is, sketching new words and marking natural paragraphs. And students have different understandings of the new curriculum, so they can't understand the students' preview. Since learning to write abstract notes in class, students' preview has improved. I also reached a good idea by correcting abstract notes in teaching. Therefore, combined with the situation that students have been learning to write abstract notes for some time, I have made the following requirements for students to preview.
Copy the new words in this lesson. Students can spell pinyin by themselves, master pronunciation and look it up in the dictionary to read the meaning. )
(2) Extract words from the text. (including new words after class and good words in the text)
(3) extract sentences. (including: beautiful sentences, important sentences, touching sentences)
(4) problems. (I don't understand the contents of the text, the words appearing in the text, etc. )
(5) My harvest. What do you think of the inspiration after reading the text?
After a period of questioning training, students have completely mastered this preparation method. By taking notes for a long time, they have accumulated many good words and sentences, and they can apply them flexibly in practice. In addition, students can use reference books, search materials and other methods to solve problems when learning new lessons or reading extra-curricular books by themselves. Students have mastered certain self-study methods and developed good study habits.