1. Famous sayings about not being able to make subjective assumptions

1. If the jailer understands his feelings, there will be no unjust death of the prisoner. ---Historian of the Western Jin Dynasty Chen Shou "Book of the Three Kingdoms·Book of Wei·Biography of Wang Lang"

Governing the Jin Dynasty: in charge of justice. Get the situation: Investigate the true situation. The general idea of ??these two sentences is: if those in charge of justice investigate the true situation, there will be no prisoners who die unjustly. These two sentences emphasize that law enforcement officials must focus on investigation and research rather than relying on subjective assumptions in order to avoid unjust, false and wrongful convictions. Only through investigation and research can we avoid the real situation and make an appropriate judgment on the case, without unjustly accusing a good person and not letting a bad person go.

2. What you see is true, but rumors may not be true. ----(Ming Dynasty Feng Menglong's "Awakening Words of the World")

3. Is it okay to make assumptions about the existence of things without seeing and hearing them? --- Su Shi's "The Story of Stone Bell Mountain"

Is it okay to judge the existence or absence of something based on subjective imagination without seeing it with your own eyes and hearing it with your ears? (Of course not) 2. Who can provide 5 unknown verses?

Plum blossoms are as white as snow, but snow is less fragrant than plum blossoms. (Lu Meipo)

The snow is like plum blossoms, and the plum blossoms are like snow. They are both strangely beautiful whether they are similar or not (Lu Benzhong)

There are several plum blossoms in the corner, and Ling Han blooms alone; I know from afar that they are not snow, For there is a secret fragrance coming (Wang Anshi)

Only then did I see the clouds covering the top of the mountain, and the snow on the rocks was like dust; there were thousands of peaks with bamboo shoots, thousands of jade trees, and thousands of trees and pine trees with thousands of clouds. (Yuan Zhen)

When the six flying flowers come into the house, sit and watch the green bamboos turn into green branches (Gao Pian)

You are nowhere to be seen on the winding mountain road, leaving a place for horses to walk in the sky above the snow (Cen Shen)

Where is my home in the Qinling Mountains? The snow embraces the blue gate and the horse stops moving forward (Han Yu)

Suddenly a spring breeze comes overnight, and thousands of pear trees bloom (Cen Shen)

< p> The snow disappears outside the door and the mountains are green, and the flowers bloom by the river and it is sunny in February (Ouyang Xiu) 3. Idioms about subjective assumptions and failures

Unbeatable: surrender. Never give in even if you fail 100 times. Describes strong will.

A soldier will die after a defeat: the army. The army lost the battle and the general was killed. Describe the failure of the battle.

You must not resist the north or the north: defeat, failure in battle. There will be no failure.

Failure will not turn back the heel to describe failure quickly. Heel roll, turn your heels.

To cut down: to fail; to cut: to cut. The army was defeated and the land was divided.

The Master of Worship used satire to send troops for revenge but failed.

Failure and loss of evidence refer to the failure of a career and having nothing to rely on.

The defeated general defeated the defeated general. Nowadays it is mostly used to satirize people who fail.

The defeated bandits become kings. The losers become bandits, while the successful ones become kings and emperors.

Defeat means failure when success is approaching. See also: "Failing to succeed."

The remaining army and the defeated general are the remaining army and the defeated general. Describe a defeated army. 4. Write four stories about subjective assumptions

1. In the spring of the second year of Wei Taihe (228), Zhuge Liang led his army to attack Cao Wei, claiming to capture Yi County from Xiegu Road, and sent Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi, acting as a suspected army, occupied Jigu and ordered Cao Zhen to defend Yi County; Zhuge Liang personally led the army to attack Qishan and launched the first Northern Expedition. Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition caused the three counties of Tianshui, Nan'an and Anding to rebel against Wei. Guanzhong was shaken and shocked Cao Wei. Emperor Wei Ming personally went to Chang'an to supervise the war and sent Zhang He to fight against Zhuge Liang's attack on Qishan. When Zhuge Liang attacked Qishan, everyone suggested using old generals Wei Yan, Wu Yi and others as vanguards.

But Zhuge Liang refused to listen and appointed Ma Su, a soldier he admired very much, to lead the army. Later, he defended Jieting, a military center. Cao Wei general Zhang He attacked. Ma Su violated Zhuge Liang's rules in the street pavilion, made troubles, and even gave up water sources. He chose to climb Nanshan to defend instead of occupying the town at the foot of the mountain. General Wang Ping tried to persuade him many times, but Ma Su refused to accept it.

After Zhang He arrived, he surrounded the mountain and cut off the water source of Ma Su's army on the mountain. He also launched a large-scale attack and defeated Ma Su's army. The soldiers were scattered and defeated. At this time, Wang Ping ordered his troops to beat drums and defend themselves. Zhang He suspected that there was an ambush and did not dare to advance. Wang Ping had time to clean up the remaining troops and led the defeated army to withdraw. After Ma Di lost Jieting, Zhuge Liang lost an important stronghold and had no basis to advance or retreat. He could no longer fight, so he moved more than a thousand households in Xi County back to Hanzhong. Hou Ma Su and generals Li Sheng, Zhang Xiu and others were executed, and Huang Xi was captured.

2. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the King of Wu did not listen to Wu Zixu's suggestion to destroy Yue first and then Tu Qi. Finally, when the country's strength was exhausted when it sent troops, it was destroyed by Goujian.

3. After Su Dongpo read Wang Anshi's poem "Chrysanthemums", "Last night the west wind passed through the garden, blowing down the yellow flowers and covering the ground with gold." , the petals did not fall, so he casually wrote: "Autumn flowers do not fall better than spring flowers, and the poet chants them carefully." Later, Su Shi was transferred to Huangzhou Deputy Envoy of Tuanlian. When he walked into the Chrysanthemum Garden one day after the Double Ninth Festival, he saw the ground covered with gold. , there was no more chrysanthemum on the branch, and then I realized that the same chrysanthemum actually has fallen petals and non-falling petals.

4. There was a man from Chu who was crossing the river. His sword fell from the boat into the water. He hurriedly carved a mark on the edge of the boat with his knife and said, "This is the place where my sword fell." After the boat stopped, the man went into the water to find the sword from the place where he marked the mark. The ship has moved forward a long way, but the sword will not move forward with the ship. It is very confusing to look for the sword like this.

5. Blind men touching the elephant

Once upon a time, there were four blind men who wanted to know what an elephant looked like, but they could not see it, so they had to touch it with their hands. The fat blind man touched the elephant's tooth first. He said: "I know, the elephant is like a big, thick, smooth carrot." The tall blind man touched the elephant's ears. "No, no, the elephant is obviously a big cattail fan!" he shouted. "You are talking nonsense. The elephant is just a big pillar." It turned out that the short blind man touched the elephant's leg. But the old blind man muttered: "Oh, the elephant is not that big, it is just a straw rope."

The four blind men quarreled endlessly, and they all said that they touched What you get is what a real elephant looks like. But in reality? None of them got it right. Later, the metaphor of "blind men touching an elephant" was used to look at the problem and generalize. The implication of "blind men touching the elephant" is that you should not only see part of things, but should look at the overall situation so that you can fully and truly understand the situation of things.