Mencius’ famous sayings

(1) Without rules, there will be no circle.

The translation cannot draw squares and circles correctly without compasses and rulers.

(2) Right, then determine the severity; degree, then know the length.

Only when the translation is weighed can one know its importance; only by measuring it can one know its length.

(3) People do not do anything, and then they can do something.

The translator must not do anything before he can do something.

(4) Although there are things that are easy to grow in the world, if they are violent in one day and cold in ten days, nothing can survive.

Translation Even if there is a plant that is the easiest to grow, if it is exposed to the sun for one day and then frozen for ten days, nothing will grow again.

(5) Those who advance sharply will retreat quickly.

Translation: People who move forward too quickly will retreat too quickly.

(6) The organ of the heart is thinking, and if you think, you can get it, and if you don’t think, you can’t get it.

Translation: The organ of the heart is responsible for thinking. Only by thinking can we obtain, but without thinking we cannot obtain.

(7) Born in sorrow and died in happiness.

Translation: Sorrow and suffering are enough to make people survive, and comfort and happiness are enough to make people die.

(8) Only benevolent people should be in high positions. Being unkind and holding a high position is spreading evil to others.

Translation Only benevolent people with high moral standards should be in a dominant position. If an unkind person with low morals is in a dominant position, his evil will be spread to the masses.

(9) If the emperor is unkind, he will not protect the world; if the princes are unkind, he will not protect the country; if the ministers and officials are unkind, they will not protect the ancestral temple; if the scholars and common people are unkind, they will not protect the four bodies.

Translation: If the emperor is not benevolent, he cannot preserve his empire; if the princes are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their country; if ministers and officials are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their ancestral temples; if ordinary people are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their own Body.

(10) If the king is benevolent, he will be invincible in the world.

Translation: If the monarch of a country loves benevolence, there will be no rivals in the world.

(11) Save penalties, reduce taxes, and make farming easier (n^u).

The translation reduces penalties and reduces taxes, so that people can cultivate deeply and carefully and get rid of filthy weeds early.

(12) The benevolent are invincible.

Translation: A virtuous person is invincible in the world.

(13) For a five-acre house with mulberry trees, a person in his fifties can wear silk clothes. Chickens, dolphins, dogs, and pigs will not lose their season. Those who are seventy years old can eat meat. If you do not take away a hundred acres of land, then a family of eight will not be hungry. I sincerely follow the teachings of Xiangxu and apply the meaning of filial piety and brotherhood. Those who are awarded white will live up to the road.

Translation: Each family is given five acres of land to live in, and mulberry trees are planted around it. Then, people over fifty years old can wear silk cotton-padded jackets. Domestic animals such as chickens, dogs, and pigs have the power to raise and reproduce. Then, people over the age of seventy will have meat to eat. The family gave him one hundred acres of land and did not hinder his production, so that the family of eight could have enough to eat. Run schools at all levels well and educate them repeatedly with the principles of filial piety and respect for elders. Then the old people with gray hair and beards will have someone to do the work for them, and they will no longer have to walk on the road with things on their heads and shoulders.

(14) By changing the fields and reducing taxes, the people can become rich.

Translation: Doing farming well and reducing taxes can make the people rich.

(15) If a king is benevolent, he will never be unkind; if a king is righteous, he will never be unjust; if he is upright, he will never be unjust.

Translation: If the monarch is benevolent, no one will be unkind; if the monarch is righteous, no one will be unjust; if the monarch is upright, no one will be unrighteous.

(16) If you enjoy the people's happiness, the people will also enjoy their happiness; if you care about the people's worries, the people will also worry about their worries.

Translation: He who takes the happiness of the people as his own happiness, the people will also take the happiness of the king as their own happiness; he who takes the sorrow of the people as his own sorrow, the people will also take the sorrow of the king as their own of sorrow.

(17) Being benevolent is an honor, being unkind is a disgrace.

Translation If the princes and ministers implement benevolent government, they will have glory; if they implement unbenevolent government, they will suffer humiliation.

(18) Those who have permanent property have perseverance, and those who do not have perseverance have no perseverance. If you don't have perseverance, you will do everything you can to ward off evil spirits.

Translation Only those who have a certain amount of industrial income will have certain moral concepts and codes of conduct. People who do not have a certain amount of industrial income will not have certain moral concepts and codes of conduct. If you don’t have certain moral concepts and codes of conduct, you will act recklessly, break laws and disciplines, and do anything.

(19) Fight for land and kill people to fill the fields; fight for cities and kill people to fill the city. This is called taking advantage of the land and eating human flesh, and the crime is not punishable by death.

Translation: Fighting for the land, killing people everywhere; fighting for the city, killing people all over the city, this is leading the land to eat human flesh, and even the death penalty is not enough to redeem them. sin.

(20) If the king regards his ministers as his hands and feet, then the ministers will regard him as his heart; if the king regards his ministers as dogs and horses, then his ministers will regard him as a countryman; if the king regards his ministers as earth and mustard, then his ministers will regard him as his own countrymen. You are like a bandit.

Translation: If the monarch regards his ministers as his brothers and sisters, the ministers will regard the monarch as their confidant; If the monarch regards his ministers as cattle and horses, the ministers will regard the monarch as an ordinary person they meet on the road; The monarch will regard his ministers as ordinary people they meet on the road. If it turns into soil or weeds, the ministers will regard the monarch as an enemy.

(21) Fish is what I want, and bear’s paws are also what I want; you cannot have both, and you would give up fish and take bear’s paws. Life is what I want, and righteousness is also what I want. You cannot have both, and you have to sacrifice life for righteousness.

Translation Fish is what I like to eat, and bear paws are also what I like to eat; if I cannot eat both, I will throw away the fish and eat bear paws. Life is what I love, and righteousness is what I love; if I cannot have both, I will give up life and take righteousness.

(22) Old people, I am old, and people are old; young people, I am young, and people are young.

The translation of respecting my elders extends to respecting other people’s elders; caring for one’s own juniors extends to caring for other people’s juniors.

(23) Those who have gained the right will get many help, while those who have lost the right will have little help. When there is little help, relatives will be there; when there is much help, the world will follow.

Those who practice benevolent government will have many people to help them; those who do not practice benevolent government will have few people to help them. When the number of people helping him reaches the extreme, even his relatives will oppose him; when the number of people helping him reaches the extreme, the whole world will submit to him.

(24) The weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the people.

Translation: The weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the people.

(25) It is not benevolent to kill someone without sin, and it is not righteous to take something that does not exist.

It is unkind to kill an innocent person; it is unjust to take something that is not yours.

(26) Those who rebel against benevolence are called "thieves", and those who rebel against righteousness are called "crippling". Those who are crippled thieves are called "one husband". I have heard that one husband, Zhou, was executed, but I have not heard of regicide.

Translation: People who destroy benevolence are called "thieves", and people who destroy morality are called "cruel". We call such a person a "lonely husband". I only heard that King Wu of Zhou killed the only man Yin Zhou, but I never heard that he committed regicide with his ministers.

(27) The wise are in office and the capable are in office.

The translation places virtuous people in appropriate official positions and talented people in certain positions.

(28) Respect the virtuous and enable the capable, and the heroes will reign.

The translation respects moral people and uses capable people. Outstanding people have official positions.

(29) The people are the most important, the country is the second most important, and the king is the least important.

Translation: The people are the most important, the god of earth and valley, who represents the country, is second, and the monarch is the least important.

(30) Civil matters cannot be postponed.

Translation Caring for the people is the most urgent task.

(31) If it is not contrary to the farming season, the grain will not be enough to eat; if the number of grains (shu^ g() is not entered into the pond (wamp;), the fish and turtles will not be enough to eat; if the ax and kilograms are used to enter the mountains and forests in time, , the wood cannot be used for food. The grain, fish and turtles cannot be used for food. The wood cannot be used for the sake of the people's health.

Don't recruit soldiers and conscripts during the busy season of farming and harvesting. If corvee hinders production, then the food produced will not be eaten up. Do not use fine fishing nets to catch fish in large ponds, then there will be not enough fish to eat.

If you go to the forest and cut down trees at the right time, you will not run out of wood. There will be endless food and fish, and there will be endless wood. This will make the people have no dissatisfaction with life, death, and burial.

(32) There is fat meat in the kitchen, fat horses in the stables, the people are hungry, and there are hungry people in the wild. This is how the beasts eat people.

Translation: Now you have thin-skinned and fat meat in your kitchen, and you have strong horses in your stables, but the people's faces are hungry, and the corpses of starved to death are lying in the wild. This is tantamount to The people in power lead the beasts to eat people.

(33) When Jie and Zhou lost the world, they also lost their people; those who lost their people also lost their hearts. There is a way to win the world: if you win its people, you will win the world; if you win its people, you will win the world; if you win their hearts, you will win the people; if you win their hearts, you will have a way: gather with them what you want, and do not do to them what you want.

Translation Jie and Zhou lost the world because they lost the support of the people; they lost the support of the people because they lost the support of the people. There is a way to win the world: if you win the support of the people, you win the world. There is a way of winning the support of the people: if you win the hearts and minds of the people, you win the support of the people. There is a way to win the hearts and minds of the people: gather what they want for them. ; Don’t put anything they hate on them, that’s all.

(34) A wise king controls the people's property so that they can serve their parents and their wives, and they will be full in happy years and avoid death in bad years.

Translation: When a wise monarch stipulates the property of the people, he must ensure that they can support their parents when they are above, and their wives and children when they are below.

They can have enough food and clothing in good years, and have enough food and clothing in good years, and have enough food and clothing in bad years. Nor will he starve to death.

(35) To protect the people and become king, no one can control it.

Translation: All efforts are made to stabilize the lives of the people. In this way, no one can stop the unification of the world.

(36) The three treasures of the princes: land, people, and political affairs. Those who have precious stones and jade will surely suffer disaster.

Translation: There are three treasures of princes: land, people and politics. The kind of person who treasures pearls and jade will definitely suffer disaster.

(37) Heaven descends upon the people to serve as kings and teachers, only to say that they are helped by God and favored by them.

Translation: For ordinary people born in the sky, monarchs and masters were born for them. The only responsibility of these monarchs and masters is to help God and love the people.

(38) Everyone can be Yao and Shun.

Everyone can be a good person like Yao and Shun.

(39) A wife must insult herself, and then others will insult her; a family must destroy herself, and then others will destroy it; a country must destroy itself, and then others will destroy it.

Translation: A person must first bring about self-inflicted insult before others can insult him; a family must first bring about self-destructive factors before others can destroy it; a country must first bring about self-destructive factors before others can destroy it. Talent crusades against it.

(40) He who seeks all misfortunes and blessings by himself.

Translation There is no misfortune or happiness that you did not bring about yourself.

(41) A gentleman does not complain about heaven or others.

Translation: A gentleman does not complain about heaven or blame others.

(42) Wealth and honor cannot lead to sexual immorality, poverty and lowliness cannot move, and power cannot yield. This is called a true man.

Translation: Wealth cannot disturb my heart, poverty and lowliness cannot change my aspirations, and power cannot bend my integrity. Only in this way can I be called a real man.

(43) Those who abuse themselves cannot be talked to; those who abandon themselves cannot be talked to.

Translation: People who harm themselves cannot have valuable conversations with them; people who abandon themselves (extremely irresponsible to themselves) cannot do valuable things with them.

(44) To nourish the heart, don’t be good at having few desires.

The best way to cultivate your mind is to reduce material desires.

(45) If you say that you are an adult, you will despise it, but do not look down upon its majesty.

When you give advice to the princes, you must despise him and do not take his superior position into consideration.

(46) Therefore, when Heaven is about to entrust a person with a great responsibility, he must first strain his mind, strain his muscles and bones, starve his body and skin, and deplete his heart. It has been beneficial to what it cannot do.

Translation: When God is going to assign an important task to someone, he must first trouble his mind, work his muscles and bones, starve his stomach, and impoverish his body. Always unsatisfactory, this can shake his mind, strengthen his temperament, and increase his ability.

(47) A respectful person will not insult others, and a thrifty person will not take away from others.

Translation A person who is respectful to others will not insult others, and a person who is thrifty will not rob others.

(48) Those who love others will always be loved by others; those who respect others will always be respected by others.

Translation: Those who love others will be loved by others; those who respect others will be respected by others.

(49) Do not rely on elders, do not rely on nobles, do not rely on brothers but be friends.

When making friends, don’t rely on your age, your high status, or the wealth of your brothers. (50) The sage uses his enlightenment to make others enlighten, but now he uses his dimness to make others enlighten.

A wise person must first understand himself and then make others understand; today’s people are still confused but insist on making others understand.

(51) In a prosperous year, the children will be many and unlucky; in a bad year, the children will be many and violent. This is not because of talent sent from heaven, but because of being obsessed with it.

Translation: In years of good harvests, young people tend to be lazy; in years of famine, young people tend to be violent. This is not because of a difference in natural aptitude, but because the environment has turned their hearts bad. .

(52) A promising person is like digging a well. If the well is dug nine times and fails to reach the spring, it is like abandoning the well.

Doing something is like digging a well. If the well is dug six or seven feet deep and there is still no spring water, it is still an abandoned well.

(53) A gentleman has three kinds of happiness, but the king of the world does not share them. Having both parents and brothers without any reason is one kind of happiness; to look up to Heaven and not be ashamed of others is the second kind of happiness; to get the world's talented people and educate them is the third kind of happiness.

Translation A gentleman has three kinds of happiness, but conquering the world with virtue is not one of them. Having both parents healthy and brothers free from disasters is the first pleasure; raising one's head to be worthy of heaven and bowing one's head to be worthy of man is the second pleasure; obtaining the world's outstanding talents and educating them is the third pleasure.

(54) If you are not ashamed, why should you be like a human being?

If you are not ashamed of not being able to catch up with others, how can you catch up with others?

(55) If you are poor, you will be good for yourself; if you are rich, you will be good for the world.

Translation: If you are poor, you will be good for yourself; if you are ambitious, you will be good for the world.

(56) Those who speak poetry should not harm their words with words, nor harm their aspirations with words. To use one's will against one's will is to gain it.

People who translate and interpret poems should not be constrained by words and misunderstand the words, nor should they be constrained by words and misunderstand the original meaning. It is right to use your own personal experience to speculate on the author's original intention.

(57) It is better to have no faith in the "Book" than to have no "Book" at all.

The old man is always ambitious, but the martyr is ambitious in his old age. ——Cao Cao

A gentleman gives words to others, and a common man gives money to others. ——Xun Kuang

The gentlemen of ancient times were like holding beautiful jade but hiding it from the market, while later generations used stone as jade and showed off it. ——Zhu Xi

Do not do evil because it is small, and do not do good because it is small. Only those who are virtuous and virtuous can obey others. ——Liu Bei

The journey of a gentleman is to cultivate one’s character through tranquility, and to cultivate one’s virtue through frugality. If it is not indifferent, it will not clear its ambitions, and if it is not tranquil, it will not be far-reaching. —— Zhuge Liang

Famous quotes from Confucius

Original text

Confucius said: "If you are not angry, you will not blame; if you are not angry, you will not be angry. If you take one corner, don't turn it back with three." Then it will never come back."

Translation

Confucius said: "Don't enlighten him until he tries hard to understand it and cannot understand it; if he doesn't understand it in his heart, he cannot express it perfectly. If he can’t draw inferences from one example, don’t give him examples again.”

Confucius’ famous sayings and explanations

Learn and learn from them

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xue Er": "Confucius said: 'Learn and practice it from time to time, isn't it also said to be (pleasant)?'" Wang Su noted: "Recite and practice it from time to time, learning will not waste your work, so it is joyful." Wang Shi's "learning" and "learning" have the same meaning, which seems to refer specifically to recitation.

However, Confucius taught people to learn the "six arts", including etiquette, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and mathematics. "Recitation" is only "one end" (see Liu Baonan's "The Analects of Justice"). Huang Kanshu "Shi Xi" said: "Every study has three seasons." One refers to the year, the second refers to the season, and the third refers to the morning and evening. The contemporary Jiang Boqian believed that "learning is to know the new, and learning is to review the past" ("Introduction to the Thirteen Classics").

Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xueer": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman has nothing to eat to satisfy himself, and a place to live without seeking peace of mind. He is quick to do things but cautious in speaking.'" Also in "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren": "A gentleman wants to be slow in speaking but is sensitive to words." Yu Xing". The meaning is the same. It means to be diligent and quick in doing things, but cautious in speaking. Zhu Xi's note: "Those who are quick at doing things will do what they can't do. Those who are cautious about speaking will not dare to use up all the rest." (Analects of Confucius) Another explanation: "Things are difficult to do, so you must be quick; words are easy to say, Therefore, be cautious." (Volume 22 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei") In addition, there are Confucius' words in "Xunzi Zidao", "Han Shi Wai Zhuan", "Shuo Yuan·Miscellaneous Words" and other chapters, "Be careful when speaking." Wow" record.

Learning without thinking is a waste, thinking without learning is peril

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng": "Confucius said: 'Learning without thinking means losing sight; thinking without learning leads to peril.'" "Wang" means confusion. Zheng Xuan's note: 罔, still 罔罔 ignorant of appearance. "Peril" has two meanings: one is critical, which means uncertainty. One is fatigue, mental fatigue and no gain. When solved in the past. This sentence can be combined with the chapter "Reviewing the past and learning the new". Yang Shuda, a recent scholar, commented: "Those who review the past but cannot learn the new are learning without thinking; those who do not review the past but want to learn the new are thinking without learning." ("The Analects of Confucius") Confucius first advocated paying equal attention to learning and thinking, and he regarded Confucius as It has a profound impact on my disciples. For example, Zixia talks about learning and thinking carefully and "The Doctrine of the Mean" talks about learning and thinking carefully, both of which believe that learning and thinking cannot be neglected.

If a person has no faith, he does not know what he is capable of

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng" "Confucius said: 'If a person has no faith, he does not know what is possible.'" Zheng Xuan notes: "He who does not know what is possible means that his words cannot be implemented." Kong Anguo's note: "If you don't believe what you say, the rest will be useless." Zhu Xi said: "If a person has no true sincerity, everything he says is false." (Volume 24 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei") The recent scholar Jiang Boqian distinguished between trust and belief in two meanings: "What you say must be true; what you say must be fulfilled." ("Yu Yi Guang Jie") Confucius and later Confucian scholars attached great importance to trust, and "loyalty in words and sincerity in deeds" ("The Analects of Confucius, Duke Wei Linggong") was the Confucian principle of life.

Be slow in words but quick in deeds

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius: Li Ren": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman wants to be slow in words and quick in deeds'". Bao Xian's note: "Nause means slowness. The desire to speak is slow and the desire to act is fast." Zhu Xi quotes Xie Liangzuo's note: "It is easy to speak, so one wants to be slow; it is difficult to act hard, so one wants to be quick." There are many synonyms in the Analects of Confucius. Sentences: "Be careful what you say, and you will have few regrets" ("Wei Zheng"), "The ancients did not say what they said, and they were ashamed to bow without catching it" ("Li Ren"), "A gentleman is ashamed of his words and goes beyond his actions" ("Li Ren") "Xian Wen"), etc., can all reflect Confucius' consistent thought of emphasizing conduct and caution in speech. See "Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking."

Virtue is never alone, it must have neighbors

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius: Li Ren": "Confucius said: 'Virtue is never alone, it must have neighbors.'"

Listen to his words and observe his actions

Confucius' famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Gong Yechang": "I am responsible for day and night. Confucius said: 'Rotten wood cannot be carved, and a wall of dung soil cannot be smashed. Why should I be punished?' Confucius said: 'I have given it to others, and listened to them. "Believe what you say and follow what you do." "Shuo Yuan Zun Xian" records that Confucius said: "The way to learn from others is to observe their words and then observe their actions... Therefore, first observe their words and then observe their actions." "The Book of Rites of Dadai: The Virtues of the Five Emperors": "The Master said: 'I want to win people by their words, and then change them.'" This is the meaning of this chapter. Zhu Xi cited Hu's note and said: Confucius said, "Listen to words and observe actions. Therefore, I established a teaching to warn the disciples, so that they can be careful in speaking and quick in deeds." ("Analects of Confucius")

Sensitive and eager to learn. , Don’t be ashamed to ask questions

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Gongye Chang": "Zi Gong asked: 'How does Confucius Wenzi call it Wen?' Confucius said: 'He is quick and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask questions. This is how he calls Wen.'" Confucius Wenzi, Doctor Wei . "Wen" is his posthumous title. Zhu Xi's note: "Ordinary people are quick-witted and have a hard time learning. Those in high positions are often ashamed to ask questions. Therefore, the posthumous law has the text "Study diligently and ask questions", which is also difficult for others.

"("Analects of Confucius") Liu Baonan quoted the old saying and put forward two explanations: One is that "I and the other are three people. If the two of them think that I am good, I will follow it; if the two of them think that I am bad, I will follow it." Change it. These two people are both my teachers. Shu Hongfan said: If three people account for it, then the words of the two people will be followed. This is what is called. "One said, "Three people walking together, there is no wise or foolish person. Some of them are good and some are not good, just follow what you see and change them accordingly. It does not mean that one person is good and the other person is bad. If you follow his good deeds, you are my teacher. "

A gentleman is magnanimous, and a villain has long-term relationships.

Confucius' famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer". "Shuowen": "Tan means peace." "Dangdang, the name for the vastness. Qi Qi, the name for the constant worries. A gentleman knows things well, so he treats people and things as if he is walking on a flat road, safe and comfortable. The villain's mind is often a slave to things, worrying about gains and losses, so he often There is a sense of sympathy. Huang Kanshu quoted Jiang Xi as saying: "A gentleman is open-minded and unselfish. A villain is preoccupied with glory and gain, and cares about gains and losses, so he grows up to be a nobleman. Chengzi said: "A gentleman follows the principles, so he is always at ease; a villain is busy with things, so he has many worries." "(See "Analects of Confucius") "Xunzi Zidao" states that a gentleman has a lifetime of happiness and no worries for a day, while a villain has a lifetime of worries and no happiness for a day. This has the same meaning.

When it is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will then wither.

Confucius’ famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius": "Confucius said: When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither." Yu Dongliang's talent. Zhu Xi cited Xie Shangcai's note and said: "When a scholar is poor, he will know integrity, and when the world is chaotic, he will know his loyal ministers." "("Analects of Confucius") Xunzi compared pines and cypresses to a gentleman: "If the age is not cold, there is no way to know the pines and cypresses; if things are not difficult, there is no way to see that the gentleman is there all the time. "("Xunzi·Daliue") "Zhuangzi·Rang Wang" quoted Confucius as saying: "A gentleman is said to be knowledgeable when he is in the way, and he is poor when he is poor in the way. How can he be poor if he embraces the way of benevolence and righteousness in troubled times? Why? Therefore, one should introspect without being exhausted by the Tao, and should face difficulties without losing one's virtue. "

The wise do not be confused, the benevolent do not worry, the brave do not fear

Confucius' famous saying. "The Analects of Confucius·Zihan": "Confucius said: The wise do not confuse, the benevolent do not worry, the brave do not fear. fear. "The Analects of Confucius" quotes the note from "Shenjian·Miscellaneous Statements": "A gentleman is happy with heaven and knows his fate, so he has no worries; he can discern things clearly, so he is no longer confused; he is determined to serve the public, so he has no fear." "Also, the order of the three recorded in "The Analects of Confucius Xianwen" is different: "There are three ways of a gentleman, and I am incompetent: the benevolent do not worry, the knowledgeable do not be confused, the brave do not fear. Confucius humbled himself that he did not have the three virtues of knowledge, benevolence, and courage, but Zi Gong regarded him as having all three virtues, so he said: "Master has his own way." " ("Xian Wen")

The people cannot stand without faith

Confucius' famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan": "Since ancient times, there has been death, and the people cannot stand without faith. "This is Confucius's answer to Zigong's question about government. The people's trust and adequate food and sufficient soldiers are Confucius's policies to govern and strengthen the country. However, you can remove the soldiers and food, but you cannot make the people untrustworthy; the people's trust is the foundation. This is what Confucius said. The idea of ??sacrificing one's life to achieve benevolence has something in common with Mencius's idea of ??sacrificing one's own life for righteousness. Later Zhu Xi once said: "People will die without food, but death is inevitable for everyone." Without faith, even though you are alive, you will not be able to stand on your own feet, and it will be worse than death. Therefore, I would rather die than break faith with the people, so that the people would rather die than break faith with me."

Which of the people is enough for the king?

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If the translation completely believes in the "Book", it would be better not to have the "Book"