With the successful attack on Pearl Harbor by Japanese Zero Fighters, the Pacific War officially broke out, and the United States, which has been profiting from World War II, was finally dragged into the water. President Roosevelt signed a battle order, and the American troops, who had kept a low profile for a long time, rushed to the Southeast Asian islands and Japan.
Although the Japanese army resisted stubbornly, the fall of two atomic bombs made Japanese high-level officials realize that their defeat was inevitable.
Emperor Hirohito and his cabinet began to plan how to surrender. The Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs negotiated with Britain, the United States and other countries, and it was basically confirmed that Japan would surrender to China, Britain and the United States on August 15, 1945. However, just as the war was about to end, the Soviet Union suddenly declared war on Japan and mobilized 1.5 million Red Army troops to enter northeast China, North Korea and other places, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese Kwantung Army.
It is obvious that Japan is about to surrender. Why did the Soviet Union seize the tail of the war and beat up Reservoir Dogs? At that time, the Soviet Red Army marched all the way, pointing to Japan, but why did it suddenly stop? This should start with the complicated international situation at that time.
On the European battlefield, after a short period of depression, the Allies quickly counterattacked and played the victory frequently, which soon wiped out the effective strength of the German Nazi army, and the defeat of Germany and Italy was inevitable. On the other side of the world in the Asian battlefield, the anti-fascist war is not so smooth.
due to the overall strength gap, China is in a stalemate with the Japanese invaders. Although the United States has sent a large number of fleets and army troops to fight against the Japanese, the Japanese are still struggling, frantically shouting "1 million pieces of jade" and shopping with the US military in various extreme ways.
The US military lost a large number of warships and soldiers in the Japanese mainland landing war. If the storm continues, more American soldiers will die in Japan. Moreover, once the Japanese Kwantung Army entrenched in Manchuria is reinforced, the situation of the US military will be particularly dangerous.
The shrewd President Roosevelt certainly didn't want to see this happen. Although the secret Manhattan project of the United States is drawing to a close, it is still unknown whether the atomic bomb can come out successfully. Although Britain is in step with the United States, the strength of the British army is only in the Near East, which is beyond Japan's reach.
In this situation, Roosevelt expected the Soviet Union and Japan to go to war and let the powerful Soviet Red Army share the pressure of the Japanese battlefield. So the Yalta Agreement was born.
Because Japan and the Soviet Union signed a Soviet-Japanese neutrality agreement before, the Soviet Union was in no hurry to declare war on Japan, although it was an ally. Stalin knew that the United States was in urgent need of the help of the Soviet Red Army, so he used it as a threat to pull the British and American heads of state to the negotiating table in Yalta, Crimea.
Stalin promised to declare war on Japan within three months after he captured Berlin, but his condition was that the Soviet Union would recover the land lost during the Russo-Japanese War, as well as Sakhalin Island and Kuril Islands. In addition, the Soviet Union also asked Britain and the United States to recognize Mongolia's independence and the Soviet Union's ownership of Lushun Port, Dalian Port and the Middle East Railway.
The agreement signed in Yalta ignored China's sovereignty, seriously damaged China's territorial integrity and affected the interests of Britain and the United States in China.
Stalin thought Roosevelt and Churchill would strongly oppose it, but he didn't expect Britain and the United States to have a very urgent desire to end the war. They didn't bargain, and they almost accepted everything.
Roosevelt also made his own demands. He demanded that the United States occupy the whole of Japan on the grounds that American troops suffered great casualties in the war against Japan. Stalin also agreed.
this agreement has a far-reaching impact on later generations, and it has built the basic world order after the war. However, all three parties who signed this agreement have ulterior motives. Stalin attempted to turn the northeast of China into a Soviet military base, Roosevelt wanted to turn Japan into an American eagle dog in the Far East, and Churchill dreamed of increasing Britain's voice in Europe.
since all three families have ulterior motives, the implementation of this agreement is naturally full of twists and turns.
The Yalta Agreement was finalized in February, 1945. In May, the Soviet Red Army planted the red flag over Berlin, but in August, the Soviet side was still reluctant to declare war on Japan.
There are three main reasons for the Soviet Union's hesitation:
First, the Soviet Union has not gained a firm foothold in postwar Europe, and it needs time to maximize the interests of the Soviet Union; Secondly, the Soviet Union consumed huge manpower and material resources in the Soviet-German War, and it has not recovered. The last and most important reason is that the Soviet Union and the United States seem to be in harmony, and both secretly want to make trouble for each other.
the Soviet union deliberately delayed the time of declaring war on Japan, just to make Japan and the United States die for a while and let Americans suffer more.
the Soviet union didn't send troops, but Britain and the United States were very anxious. The Japanese used the complex terrain of Japan to design various traps and bunkers. The casualties of American soldiers are increasing, and a large number of warships and materials are wasted in the Japanese battlefield. Roosevelt sent telegrams many times asking Stalin to declare war on Japan immediately, but Stalin prevaricated with various reasons for recuperation.
At this time, the Manhattan Project finally succeeded. The United States harvested a large number of German nuclear physics scientists, and with their help, it quickly developed an atomic bomb.
Americans are very confident about this new type of weapon of mass destruction, and they took the lead in training with Japan. Two atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, bloomed a huge mushroom cloud, which instantly pushed the situation in the Asian battlefield to the end.
The whole world knows that the end of World War II is not far away, and Japan will surrender soon.
the Soviet union can't sit still at this moment. Once Japan surrendered, it didn't declare war or send troops. Isn't that a violation of the requirements of the Yalta Agreement? Once the United States occupied the whole of Japan, didn't its chips vanish immediately? Can Kuril Islands and Sakhalin Island be brought back?
Stalin decisively ordered to declare war on Japan, and the 1.5 million Red Army immediately attacked. On August 9, 1945, the Soviet Red Army stepped on the last day of the three-month period stipulated by the Yalta Conference, launched the famous August storm and began to attack the Japanese Kwantung Army.
At this time, the Soviet troops had been recuperating for three months, while the Japanese Kwantung Army entrenched in Manchuria was lifeless. Because the kwantung army heard the news that Japan was bombed by atomic bombs, and had long known that Germany, an ally, had been surrendered and Japan was isolated.
The steel torrent of the Soviet Red Army ran over the sun flag irresistibly. Although the Kwantung Army in Manchuria was an elite Japanese army, it was almost helpless. The Red Army successfully occupied Manchuria.
In Sakhalin Island, Kuril Islands and other places, the Red Army's advance is not so smooth. Emperor Hirohito issued a surrender edict on August 15th, ordering all Japanese troops to surrender unconditionally. However, fanatical Japanese militarists can't accept the fact that Japan was defeated. There are still many Japanese soldiers who stubbornly resist and refuse to listen to the imperial edict of the Emperor and want to die for their country.
The army of the Soviet Red Army was very powerful. Although there were Japanese troops in Manchuria who refused to surrender, they were quickly wiped out. In Sakhalin and other places, the Soviet army has to carry out beach landing operations, which is the weakness of the Soviet army. It took the Soviet Union a lot of effort to occupy Sakhalin Island and Kuril Islands.
Putin, the current president of Russia, once said, "Russia has a vast territory, but not an inch is redundant.".
Putin's words typically represent the land complex of Slavs. For Slavs, land is life. If you can take more, you will take more, and if you can take more, you will take less.
Stalin spared no effort to expand the territory of the Soviet Union. In the Yalta Agreement, Stalin turned his back on the international ideal of * * * productism and openly violated China's sovereignty in the northeast, in an attempt to bring the northeast back to the period of Russia. This is obviously unacceptable to the people of China.
In the August storm, Stalin also wanted to add another piece to the Soviet territory. Stalin instructed General Aleksandr Vasilevsky, commander of the Far East Army, that the Red Army soldiers should not only liberate Sakhalin Island and Kuril Islands adjacent to Manchuria, but also seize the northern part of Hokkaido. On August 16th, Stalin made representations to Truman, asking for the area north of Liumeng-Kushiro Road in Hokkaido.
Stalin's reason is that during the whole World War II, the Japanese occupied the Far East of the Soviet Union, and now Japan has been defeated. If the Soviet Union did not occupy some Japanese mainland, it would be unacceptable to the Soviet people.
Stalin ordered the Red Army to prepare to March into Hokkaido after occupying the Kuril Islands. The United States listened to Stalin's request and of course refused.
President Roosevelt died of illness, and Truman, who succeeded him, strongly rejected Stalin. He not only called the Soviet Union's request absurd, but also asked for one of the Thousand Islands as a military base for the US military. Truman knew in his heart that Japan could not become the second Germany.
When Berlin was captured, the Soviet Red Army arrived at the gates of Berlin before the American army, and surrounded Berlin. The Red Army could have surrounded it without attacking, and the Germans would naturally surrender in Kaesong after running out of water and food. However, the Soviet Union and Germany have a blood feud. Earlier, the Germans burned and looted in the Soviet Union, and when the Soviet Union counterattacked, they also burned and looted along the way. The Germans would rather wait to surrender to the Americans than to the Soviets.
The Red Army of the Soviet Union had no choice but to attack the city by force. It paid the cost of 3, people to finally capture Berlin before Britain and the United States, and thus it was divided into parts of Germany. If the Soviet Union acquiesced in taking Hokkaido, the Soviet Union would definitely send more troops with Hokkaido as the fulcrum, and then demand more Japanese territory. Truman would never allow this to happen.
The United States and the Soviet Union, which were originally superficial brothers, finally showed their fangs, and the Red Army and the American army were at daggers drawn, as if they were going to meet each other in Hokkaido. But this time, Stalin gave in. He condemned Truman's request for a military base as unreasonable, and at the same time instructed the frontline troops to give up taking Hokkaido.
Stalin made concessions for a reason. First of all, as mentioned earlier, the Soviet Red Army has a strong land combat capability, but the combat power of the Red Navy is really not enough. Laying down Sakhalin Island and other places is beyond our power. If we rashly go to war with the American troops in Hokkaido, the outcome will naturally be self-defeating. Moreover, the Red Sea Army can occupy Sakhalin Island and other places, or it relies on the training guidance and transport boat assistance of the US Navy. Without the help of the US military, the Red Navy's landing on the beach is bound to fall.
Secondly, Hokkaido is too far away from the Soviet mainland. Even if it is torn with the US military and shot down, it is difficult to hold the victory. It is better to stop here.
Thirdly, the two atomic bombs dropped by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki greatly shocked the world, and Stalin realized that the military strength of the US military was extraordinary. If there is a conflict with the US military, if Truman orders the Soviet Union to send two atomic bombs, the consequences will be unimaginable. The nuclear threat of the United States is Stalin's worries.
Finally, the Soviet Union's demand for occupation of Hokkaido was not supported by public opinion in the international community. The United States paid a painful price to occupy Japan in the Pacific War, while the Soviet Union first signed a treaty of mutual neutrality with Japan, and after the Yalta Agreement, it did not make much effort to surrender to Japan.
since you didn't make much effort or lose much blood in the Soviet Union, why do you want to occupy Japan? Stalin can only helplessly watch MacArthur doing the "emperor" at large in Japan.
It can be said that the Soviet Union might have occupied Japan, because after the Yalta Agreement and before the Manhattan Project was successful, the United States was stuck in the Japanese battlefield, while the Soviet Union held the initiative in the East Asian battlefield.
At that time, the pro-Soviet left-wing forces in Japan and the army were growing. If the Soviet Union took the opportunity to eat the Kwantung Army and sent left-wing Japanese back to Japan for propaganda and agitation, it would certainly gain the upper hand in Japan's surrender negotiations, thus gaining actual control over all or part of Japan. However, Stalin's cleverness was overtaken by cleverness, and he failed to seize the opportunity. As a result, he lost Japan in vain.